researching system level change towards housing first
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9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Researching System Level
Change Towards Housing First
José Ornelas
ISPA – Instituto Universitário
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Defining system Set of actors, activities, and settings that are
directly or indirectly perceived to have influence
in or be affected by a given problem situation. (Foster-Fishman, Nowell, & Yang, 2007)
Two or more entities, joined by some
commonality, to form a organized structure
which operates according to rules set out to
address a higher order purpose, including
concepts, polices, agents and institutions. (Peirson, Boydell, Ferguson, & Ferris, 2011)
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
System Change
Efforts that strive to shift the underlying infrastructure within a community or target context to support a desire outcome, including shifting existing policies, programs and practices, resource allocations, relational structures, theories norms and values that guide system behavior.
(Foster-Fishman & Behrens, 2007)
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
System Change Dimensions
Purpose: what is the goal of change
Degree: incremental or transformative
Scope: what/who will it affect
Substance: what needs to be altered
Intensity: how much effort will it take
Duration: how much time will it take
Permanency: how sustainable is the change
(Peirson, Boydell, Ferguson, & Ferris, 2011)
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Ecological Principles
Kelly (2006) proposed the use of four
ecological principles as a guide for analyzing
social systems:
Interdependence
Cycling of resources
Adaptation
Succession
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Traditional Housing Readiness System
Homeless
Shelter placement
Transitional housing
Permanent housing
Treatment compliance + psychiatric stability + abstinence
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Homeless
Shelter placement
Transitional housing
Permanent housing
Ongoing, flexible support
Housing First Model
Transformative change: involves
a paradigm shift in how problems
are perceived and what strategies
are used to address them
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Why Change? Effectiveness of Housing First Approach
Numerous studies in USA, Canada and
Europe have demonstrated the
effectiveness and cost efficiency of
housing First approach
(Busch-Geertsema, 2013; Gaetz, 2012; Goering et al.,
2014, Pleace, 2012; Tsemberis et al., 2004)
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
The Study
Purpose:
To evaluate how the implementation of
an housing first program in Lisboa
contribute for a transformative and
sustainable system change (theories
and values, policies, resources, and
practices)
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
"Casas Primeiro" program:
started in October 2009
for homeless people with mental health problems
initial Protocol was signed between:
o Social Security Institute (funder) o AEIPS, a non-profit organization (project operator) o ISPA – University Institute (project evaluation) o Sam Tsemberis & Marybeth Shinn (consultants)
Impetus for change Housing First in Lisboa
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Research Questions Interdependence What elements made up the existing system and how do they
related?
What were the factors, including in the external environment, that have influenced the direction of system change?
Cycling of Resources What were the quantity and quality of available resources and
how were they distributed and used across the system?
Are the quantity and flow of resources into, out of, or within the system altered through the process of change? Are new resources mobilized or created?
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Research Questions Adaptation
How do the system and its elements/stakeholders (norms,
policies, agents, institutions,) respond to change?
Are system stakeholders comfortable or resistant with the
prospect of change? And why?
Succession
How does the system evolve?
Do internal system dynamics and/or external factors
support sustainability of the change effort?
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
Study Methods
Content analyses (reports, policy documents, organizations vision declarations and documents)
Interviews with key system agents/institutions (policy makers, program managers and professionals)
Interviews with participants
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
HF at a city polices level
Participation in Lisboa Platform of organizations that
work with homelessness to reorganize the city’s
services for homeless people: inclusion of Housing
First approach in the final proposal.
Participation in Lisboa Strategy for Europe Strategy
2020: proposal to upscale the housing first approach
in Lisboa (to support 400 homeless people) which
was included in the final official document.
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
HF Funding Resources
Negotiation with different funding partners:
Institute of Social Affairs
City Hall
SCML
Foundations and private sector
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
HF Scaling Up
In October 2012, AEIPS has started another Housing First project in the city of Cascais, funded by the local city hall.
In April 2013, AEIPS has helped another organization in Lisboa to start an housing first project for homeless people with substance misuse, and has been working as a consultant of this project.
HF National Partnership with organizations from the cities of Lisboa, Aveiro, Amadora, Braga, Cascais, Coimbra, Gaia, Setúbal, Porto, Faro that are already delivered or are interested in implementing Housing First programs in their territory.
9th European Research Conference
Homelessness in Times of Crisis
Warsaw, Friday 19th September 2014
HF International Networks
European Network
Italy, France, Norway, Spain, Scotland
International Network
Europe, Canada, EUA
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