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Research Trends in Wireless Communication
Prof. Dr. Mahamod Ismail, UKMmahamod@eng.ukm.my
IIUM, 22nd Rejab 1429
IIUM, 25th July 2008
Biodata
DOB – 5 April 1959, Kg. Wakaf Mempelam K.Trg.School – Sultan Sulaiman Sec. School (SSSS), K.Trg.Tutor UKM (1985), Lecturer UKM (1987), Associate Prof. (1997), Prof. (2007)Dip. Electrical Eng. (Communication) – Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 1981BSc. – Univ of Strathclyde (Electronics & Electrical) ,UK, 1983-1985MSc – UMIST, Manchester (Communication Eng. & Digital Electronics), 1986-87PhD – Univ of Bradford, Mobile Communication, 1991-1995Research Area – Mobile Communication & Wireless Networking Technical Assistant, National Electricity Board (LLN), 1981 - 1983Tiungsat Team Engineer, 1997-98, Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd., UKGuest Professor, University Duisburg Essen, Germany , 2002Currently: Deputy Director (Research & Education), Centre for Information Technology, UKM & : Liason Professor, UKM Mercator Office, UKMMIEEE, IEEE Malaysia Educational Activities, Ex-Officio IEEE Comsoc MalaysiaEmail: mahamod@eng.ukm.my, dr_mbi@yahoo.comhttp://www.eng.ukm.my/~mahamodTelephone: 03-89217004/6191/6322, 019-3275425
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Outline
IntroductionWireless Technology and ChallengesResearch Topics
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IntroductionAdvance of the Internet
The Internet became a mass medium and IP the leading network protocol.Advance of mobile communication
Communication via mobile radio networks is increasing enormously.Bandwidth evolution
The available bandwidth in backbone and access is exploding and the prices for bandwidth decrease dramatically.
Advance of e-commerceE-commerce changes and amend business processes tremendously.
Deregulation and globalizationThe I&C markets move fast. Competition and differentiation are driven by deregulation and globalization.
Services are keyThe end user is interested in services only, the underlying technology is not relevant to him.
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IntroductionCommunication Medium
WiredWireless
Wireless RadioMobility
TypesWirelessMobileCellular/Personal
Private versus Public Wireless
Mobile
Cellular
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Wireless Technology
Walkie Talkie/Radiophone/CB Radio/DSRR PagingPrivate Mobile Radio/Trunked RadioCordlessCellular System and Personal Radio System (PCS/PCN) Bluetooth, Ad hoc Network and WPANWireless/Radio in Local Loop (WiLL/RiLL)Wireless LAN (WLAN), WiMAX & Wireless ATM (WATM)Mobile SatelliteLocal Multipoint Distribution Services (LMDS), MMDSEtc.
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Wireless Technology
Cable ReplacementCable Replacement
Data/voice Data/voice Access PointAccess Point
Ad hocAd hoc
Wireless Technology
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MobilityMobility
Outdoors
IndoorsOffice
Fixed
Walk
Vehicle
0.50.5 22 2020 155 Mb/s155 Mb/s
UMTSUMTS
GSMGSM
IMT-2000IMT-2000
IS-95IS-136IS-95IS-136
U-NII U-NII BRANBRANIEEE 802.11IEEE 802.11
Premise
GSM = Global System for Mobile communicationsUMTS = Universal Mobile Telecommunications SystemBRAN= Broadband Radio Access NetworksU-NII= Unlicensed National Information InfrastructureIMT-2000= International Mobile Telecommunications-2000
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Wireless Technology
Wireless Technology
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Rapid technology development – migration, backward compatibility and convergence (2G, 3G, B3G)
Diverse technology and standards in different environments
Collabration: 3GPP/3GPP1, Operator Harmonization Group (OHP), IEEE802.20
Technology limitation: capacity, coverage (hotspot), quality, QoS
Equipment and services implementation costs
Security, mobility, personalised
Information contents and device software
etc.
Wireless Challenges
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IP Backbone/Internet
Multi-mode terminal w/MobileIP client& IPSec Client
PublicWLAN
802.11 Access Points
Ethernet
WLANGateway
& FA
802.11 Access Points
Ethernet
WLANGateway,
HA, FA
Home AAA ServerEnterprise
Corporate LAN
VPNFirewall
PDSN/FA/HA/Firewall
CDMA WSP
PCF
BSBS
MSC/RNC
GGSN/FA/HA/Firewall
GSM/UMTSWSP
BS
BSC
SGSN
CGFBS
• Current mobility is based on single wireless technologies.
• Future will allow automatic configuration for seamless roaming amongst various wireless technologies…and, hence, greater coverage (ubiquitous).
Wireless Challenges
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Research Topics – Final Year ProjectScope
Implementation/Experimental/TestbedModeling and Simulation – Performance evaluationInvestigation/Case studyEtc.
PreparationTopic/Title selectionProposal: Problem statement, objective, methodology, hardware/sofware requirement, expected result, conclusion, referencesLiterature ReviewProject Planning and Management
SkillCommunication/Negotiation, Programming, Documentation and Reporting, etc.
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Research Topic- Performance Of Uplink Power Control During Soft Handover In WCDMA System
Handoff – Hard, Soft and SofterPower Control
Overcoming the near-far effectOptimizing system capacity by controlling interference.Maximizing the battery life of mobile terminals
Study – Open loop and Closed loop Power Control
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Research Topic- Architecture and Mobility Management Protocol For Next-Generation Wireless Systems (NGWS)
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Propose a system architecture and evaluate system performance e.g. signalling delay, handoff performance, etc.
SGSN
Central Anchor
Central Anchor
GSN+
RNC RNC
GGSN aGW(MME/UPE)
aGW(MME/UPE)
Ts1u ms
UE eNB aGW
1 ms 0.5 ms
1 ms 0.5 ms
HARQ RTT 2.5 ms
1 ms
1 ms
S1-UTTI + framealignment
0.75 ms
0.75 ms
Ts1u ms
Bus Stop
Gas Station
BSRS
SS
BS = Base StationMS = Mobile StationSS = Static StationRS = Relay Station
MS
MSMOVE
BSRS
F1
F2F
3 F1
F2
F3
FF1
F2 F
3F1
F2
F3
F
F1
F1
F3
F3
F2
F2
F
F
F
F
F
F1
F1
F1
F1
F1
F1
F1
F1
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
F2
F3
F3
F3
F3
F3
F3
F3
F3
Research Topic- Resource Management for WiMAX Mesh Network Protocol Design
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To evaluate the performance of interference aware channel assignment scheme for WiMAX mesh network.To evaluate mobility, location and handoff management scheme forWiMAX mesh network.To propose and evaluate handoff techniques in a WiMAX mesh cellular environment.
-2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
-5
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
Research Topic- An Energy Efficient and Optimal Neighbor Selection Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Network
Ad Hoc networkA collection of communication devices (nodes) that form a peer-to-peer network temporarily in an ad hoc manner without any backbone infrastructure or base stations.
Challenges for Ad Hoc NetworksScalability, Energy Efficiency, Quality of service, Security, Design of Ad Hoc Networks etc.
Energy Efficient Protocols• SON (Select Optimal Neighbor
protocol)SCON algorithm (Select Closest Optimal Neighbor)SEEON algorithm (Select Energy Efficient Optimal Neighbor)
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Research Topic- Implementation of WiFi Based Location Based Services (LBS) Testbed
Database (MS Access & SQL)
Server (Windows XP)
User Device WiFi/Bluetooth
WiFi
Check device readiness to support service
Initialise WiFiControl Centre Detect WiFi Device Get Device Address
Check Device History – Message received
before
Request authentication to
send message
Server sent message to device
Device receive message
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Research Topic- Development of Short Messaging Services (SMS) Based Controlled for Electrical Appliances
MODEMNOKIA
6100
LITAR MIKROPENGAWAL
KABEL CA-42KABEL RS-232
Modem Nokia 6100
KomputerPeribadi
(AntaramukaVisual Basic)
LitarMikropengawal
(kawalan nyalaanLED)
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Research Topic- Monitoring WEP Security Level in UKM Wireless LAN (802.11) Network
Hardware NotebookAccess Point (AP) – D-LinkWLAN adapter – LinkSysWUSB54G v4
SoftwareLinux – BackTrack betaAirCrack 2.41Driver RT2570 Ralink.
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Research Topic- Development of Broadband Wireless Channel Model (WiMax) Simulator
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Research Topic- Development of IIlegal Web Accesing and Monitoring Testbed
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Research Topic- Development of Location Based Service (LBS) Using WLAN Technology
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Research Topic- Error Performance Comparison between E-OTD and Time of Arrival (TOA) in Different Environments
LDT TechniquesEOTD - Enhanced-Observed Time DifferenceTOA – Time of Arrival
Resultsaccuracy of E-OTD technique is higher than TOA technique and the accuracy of E-OTD further increases with adding more BTS.
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Research Topic- Development of a Secured Location Based Service (LBS) using Dummy Location
Service provider
Position data allows invasion of user privacy.
Cachestime N E1:00 34’12 135’671:05 34’15 135’661:10 34’16 135’641:15 34’16 135’611:20 34’18 135’60
Hospital Search
Hospitals
Home
Finding- User route- Hospital visited by user
Service provider can continuously grasp user
location in detail.
Source: Hidetoshi Kido et al, Osaka University
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Research Topic- Aplication Of Genetic Algorithm For Large Scale Coverage Prediction Optimization in GSM Mobile Environment
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Research Topic- Optimisation of UTRA SHO Algorithm
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Research Topic- Development of Location Based Services System
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Research Topic- Development of Universal Intelligent Positioning System
A hybrid statistical analysis method is recommended to be implemented as part of complementing the Database method, Cell ID + RTT.Prediction, a priori and modeling theory will be used for location estimation. This method will combine Cell ID+RTT to provide the best fall back method, in the event of high noise/degradation.The UIPS also need to ensure that the radio traffic does not congest the BSS/RAN network as this is the core of Telco’s revenue. A centralized location server (with positioning coordinates, GIS/mapping info) will be integrated as part of the UIPS subsystem.CP can extract their info via XML or HTTP and an API would be provided upon signing the necessary contracts. UIPS is expected to be Vendor independent.
GSM 3G 4G
CP
UIPS
Network Layer
Positioning Determining Layer
Locations Content/Applications Layer
Future Work
QoS Content RequestMapping InfoSMS or IP BillingQoSNetwork/LDT
UIPS and its subsystem in Telco’s network
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Research TopicsIntelligent Optimisation of Radio Resource Management in Wireless Network
Application of Genetic Algorithm in Smart Antenna System for 3G SystemAdaptive Power Control Strategies During Soft Handoff in WCDMA SystemPower Control Performance and Implementation for W-CDMA System, Soft Handoff (SHO) Optimization in WCDMA SystemsSoft Handover Effects on Downlink Direction of W-CDMA SystemPerformance Evaluation of Switched Beam and Adaptive AntennaImplementation of Intelligent Resource Management for Smart Antenna Using FPGAPerformance of Uplink Power Control During Soft Handover in FDD-WCDMALocation Updating Minimization Using Dynamic Counter in Wireless SystemUniversal Intelligent Positioning System (UIPS) for B3G Wireless SystemOptimisation of Coverage Prediction Using Genetic AlgorithmA Mixed Strategy of Cost Reduction in Location Management in Cellular Networks
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Research TopicsWireless Networking
Power Aware Routing Techniques in Ad hoc NetworkMobility Pattern Aware Routing In Mobile Ad hoc NetworksMobility Management in Cellular IPv6Authentication Techniques in MIPv6Performance of Context Aware in an Hierarchical MIPv6Development of Secured Video Transmission in an HMIPv6Handoff Optimisation Techniques in HMIPv6Location Based Services in WiFi Environment
OthersIntegration of TCP in IEEE 802.20 Wireless AccessDevelopment of an Improved and Secured Protocol for On-line Mobile Banking and TransactionMIMO-OFDM Techniques for Wireless SystemIntegration of MIMO Techniques in IEEE 802.16 Broadband Access
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FYP - 2008Location Based Authentication Techniques for 802.11bg Indoor Environment
In the location-based authentication system, a user will be authenticating based on his/her current position. Once the user position has been authenticated, the user is authorized to access resources based on his position. The position could be determined using Received Signal Strength from the nearest Access Points and finger printing within the proximity. The project will focus on the development of authentication server and the accuracy of the location determination without the necessity of additional hardware in the presence noises and interferences. Knowledge on C programming language and networking is important.
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FYP - 2008Development of Mobile Locator Devices for GSM/3G Network
Current network and mobile phone have very limited capabilities to support Assisted-Global Positioning Services (A-GPS). In this project, a simple device supporting location based services in GSM/3G network need to be built. The device will be built and integrate with voice and data capabilities using selected electronic module. It will also require electronic integration of existing GSM/UMTS modules, software development for usability of this device to application layers, and capabilities to be connected to GPRS and HSPDA data services. The student is required to have some knowledge in GSM/3G services and hardware/software.
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FYP - 2008Implementation of a GSM-Based Alarm System for Flood Monitoring
An automated Short Message Services (SMS) based controlled is commonly used for controlling devices and initiating an alarm system. The objective of the project is to design and implement a monitoring device using a GSM module. The system will consist of GSM modem module, PIC microcontroller and water level sensor. Using the information on the trend in water level, the system will forecast the possibility of flood and alert the control centre or users via SMS. Knowledge in C or Visual Basic and microcontroller programming language will help the student to complete the project successfully.
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FYP - 2008Access Point/Based Station Selection Emulator for WiFi/Cellular Network
Recently most of the smart phones are equipped with WiFi/GSM/3G/HSDPA capabilities. In this project, we use an open source program and application to communicate with WiFi/GSM/3G/HSDPA network. An application will be developed to monitor and select the connection based on certain criteria such as received signal strength to initiate the vertical handoff. Knowledge on C programming language and scripting language such as Python will be beneficial.
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FYP - 2008Active Probing and Auditing UKM Campus Network
The Internet connectivity within UKM Metropolitan Area Network/Local Area Network (MAN/LAN) is served via wired and wireless infrastructure. To become a sustainable development campus, the network performance must be maintained at a certain acceptable level. In this project, the student needs to probe and audit the network performance within selected location within UKM campus using network auditing tools. Among the network performance parameters for benchmarking are data throughputs, security level, network coverage, downtime and applications. The student is required to have some knowledge on the networking.
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FYP - 2008Implementation of a GSM-Based Alarm System for Flood Monitoring
An automated Short Message Services (SMS) based controlled is commonly used for controlling devices and initiating an alarm system. The objective of the project is to design and implement a monitoring device using a GSM module. The system will consist of GSM modem module, PIC microcontroller and water level sensor. Using the information on the trend in water level, the system will forecast the possibility of flood and alert the control centre or users via SMS. Knowledge in C or Visual Basic and microcontroller programming language will help the student to complete the project successfully.
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FYP - 2008Development of Graphical User Interface (GUI) for IEEE802.11bg Wardrive Data Analysis
Wardriving is the process of locating and logging the existence of Wireless LAN (802.11) access points while in motion. This task can be automated using dedicated wardriving software such as Netstumblerand AirMagnet using a notebook equipped with GPS Device. The data collected can further analysed and plotted using KMS/Google Earth or Garmin. In this project, the student has to develop a user friendly Matlab/Visual Basic based Wardrive GUI to analyze the data. Knowledge in Matlab or Visual Basic and networking will help the student to complete the project successfully.
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