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Promoting Green IT in Asia
Yasushi Sumitani Director
Office for Environmental Affairs and Recycling Digital Consumer Electronics Strategy Office
Commerce & Information Policy Bureau METI, Japan
25 October 2012
Contents
1. Need to Promote Green IT
2. Green IT Initiative in Japan
3. Challenges and Solutions in Promoting Green IT in Asia
4. Promotion of International Collaboration and Cooperation
1. Need to Promote Green IT
IT’s Contribution to Combating Climate Change
1
Outline of Information Technology Agreement (ITA)
The ITA is an arrangement eliminating ITA member countries’ tariff concessions for 144 IT products classified based on six-digit HS codes. The ITA was concluded by 29 participants (accounting for 83% of world trade in IT
products) at the Singapore Ministerial Conference in December 1996 and entered into force in 1997. At the Symposium on the 15th Anniversary of the Information Technology Agreement
held 14-15 May 2012 in Geneva, 75 countries and regions agreed to launch negotiations on the expansion of product coverage.
Membership: 75 countries and regions currently participate in the ITA (accounting for 97% of world trade in IT products) 75 countries/ regions participating in the ITA (EU includes 27 countries; Switzerland includes Lichtenstein.)
Albania Guatemala Malaysia Singapore Australia Honduras Mauritius Switzerland Bahrain Hong Kong, China Moldova Chinese Taipei Canada Iceland Montenegro Thailand China India Morocco Turkey Colombia Indonesia New Zealand Ukraine Costa Rica Israel Nicaragua United Arab Emirates Croatia Japan Norway United States Dominican Republic Jordan Oman Vietnam Egypt Korea Panama El Salvador Kuwait Peru European Union Kyrgyz Republic Philippines Georgia Macao, China
Saudi Arabia
2
3
Outline of ITA
Robust Growth in ITA Trade
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
4(trillion:$)
(year)
$1.2 trillion
$4.0 trillion
Source: US International Trade Commission
>3 times
ITA and non-ITA total trade, 1996-2008
ITA products >3 times
1996 2008
Since the ITA was established, it has contributed to the expansion of world trade and the advance of the world economy.
Trade in IT products tripled in volume over 12 years. Participation also expanded to 75 countries/regions, accounting for 97% of world trade.
2. Green IT Initiative in Japan
Green IT Initiative In Japan ○ METI hosted the Green IT Initiative Meeting in December 2007, proposing that government,
industry and academia join forces to develop a national green IT movement pursuing energy efficiency in IT and energy efficiency in society through green IT. The Green IT Promotion Council was established in February 2008 to coordinate this movement.
Enhanced collaboration among industry, academia and government
International collaboration and cooperation
■ Education on and promotion of green IT
■ Consideration of methods for evaluating the environmental contribution to society
■ Green IT International Symposium
■ Collaboration with overseas organizations
■ Green IT Promotion Council (established 1 Feb. 2008)
■ Breakthroughs using innovative technologies
・Collaboration with US & European companies and consortia
Collaboration among IT and electronics-related associations, technology development institutions, universities, government departments and other parties. Around 300 groups and companies currently participate in the GIPC.
・Cooperation with Asian industry and government
Government initiatives
Green IT Initiative
4
Promotion of the Green IT Project
5
1. Top Runner Program
○ The Energy Conservation Law stipulates energy conservation standards for consumer electronics and vehicles, etc., based on the top runner method. Manufacturers and other parties must comply with these standards. Non-compliance is addressed with recommendations, public announcements, orders and/or penalties.
Specific Equipment (23)
1. Passenger vehicles
2. Freight vehicles
3. Air conditioners
4. TV sets
5. Videocassette recorders
6. Fluorescent lights
7. Copying machines
8. Computers
9. Magnetic disk units
10. Electric refrigerators
11. Electric freezers
12. Space heaters
13. Gas cooking appliances
14. Gas water heaters
15. Oil water heaters
16. Electric toilet seats
17. Vending machines
18. Transformers
19. Rice cookers
20. Microwaves
21. DVD recorders
22. Routers
23. Switches
Fuel Economy (km/L)
Energy conservation standard based on the Top Runner Program
Standard Setting FY Target FY
19km/L
18km/L
17km/L
15km/L 15km/L
14km/L
13km/L
12km/L
16
Achievement is judged by weighted average per product category.
Example of Top Runner Program
*Top Runner Program: The concept of the program is that fuel economy standards for vehicles and energy conservation standards for electric appliances, etc. shall be set exactly the same as or higher than the best standard value of each product item currently available on the market.
Fujitsu Limited
FGCP/S5 cloud computing platform that helps conserve the global environment
Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
Matsue Data Center Park
NTT Data Intellilink Corporation, Japan Radio Co., Ltd.
and NTT Data Corporation
Ultra energy-saving power supply system for data centers
2. Promoting Energy-saving Technologies and Products (2/2) (Establishing Green IT Award)
○ The Green IT Promotion Council established the Green IT Award in 2008 to promote green IT efforts by industry and academic bodies. The award consists of “The Minister of Economy, Trade and Industry Award” and “Commerce and Information Policy Bureau Director-General Award”, etc. for “of IT” and “by IT”
of IT Minister of Economy, Trade
and Industry Award Minister of Economy, Trade
and Industry Award
Commerce and Information Policy Bureau Director-General
Award
Commerce and Information Policy Bureau Director-General
Award
by IT
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © METI 6
【Aims】(1) Reduce carbon emissions; (2) stimulate the economy; and (3) encourage the diffusion of digital terrestrial broadcasting TVs
3.1 Home Appliance Eco-Point Scheme
7
Home appliance store
Air conditioner
TV
Fridge
Guarantee, receipt, etc.
CO2 reduction
Purchase/replacement of energy-saving home appliances As of 15 May
Delivery PC
Eco-Point Office <Exchange menu>
(1) Gift cards and pre-paid cards usable nationwide (provided by businesses making an environmental donation or otherwise considering the environment) (2) Local product vouchers or products contributing to regional prosperity (3) Products with excellent energy efficiency or eco-friendly performance (4) Donations to environmental organizations
Eco-point application
Eco-point exchange product
Request financial support
Consumer
Provide financial support
Provide financial support
Fund Government
Environmental Partnership Council < No. of Eco-Points > Air conditioner Fridge Television
Purchase of product with four or more stars on the unified eco-label
6,000-9,000 (Three levels according
to cooling capacity)
3,000-10,000 (Four levels according to
capacity)
7,000-36,000 (Five levels according to
screen size) + recycling of used product 3,000 5,000 3,000
8
≪ Diffusion of DTB TVs ≫ ○ Aggregate shipments of DTB TVs in Japan have increased approx. 2.2 times. ○ Aggregate DTB TV shipments have greatly exceeded the diffusion target.
■ A scheme issuing “eco-points” for purchasers of DTB TVs, air conditioners and refrigerators with eco-labels indicating four or more stars was launched in May 2009 for the purpose of (1) effecting global warming countermeasures, (2) stimulating the economy and (3) diffusing DTB TVs. The purchase deadline was March 2011. (Since January 2011, points have been issued only for the replacement of home appliances with five-star appliances.)
■ Using a budget of about ¥693 billion, eco-points have been issued in about 45 million cases totaling about ¥640 billion. ■ Environment conservation donations have reached about ¥1.05 billion and donations to support areas affected by the
Great East Japan Earthquake about ¥100 million.
System Outline
≪ Promoting global warming countermeasures ≫ ○ Major increase in ratio of green home appliances with 4 or more stars on the unified eco-label to total shipments
○ Diffusion of green home appliances estimated to have reduced CO2 emissions by about 2,700,000t-CO2/year.
≪ Stimulating the economy ≫ ○ Sales of three green home appliances (flat-panel TVs, air conditioners & refrigerators) up by approx. ¥2.6 trillion. ○ An economic ripple effect of about 5 trillion yen, or approx. sevenfold the budget ○ This economic effect is maintaining and creating employment for about 320,000 persons/year.
Policy Effects ■ Increased sales of DTB TVs, as well as air conditioners and refrigerators, and a major contribution to
the replacement of existing home appliances with more energy-efficient appliances
3.2 Effects of the Home Appliance Eco-Point Scheme
Smart meters (Low-quantity consumers: medium-ranked firms and SMEs, etc.)
Government Corporations, etc.
Subsidies (1/3 if commitment to 15% power-saving is achieved, etc.)
Energy use information
BEMS system provision
9
4. Energy-Related Measures in Japan Support for power-saving in households and SMEs
1. Concentrated introduction of home solar power generation systems Subsidies to support the introduction of photovoltaic generation in homes and fund-creation projects for recovery measures - Subsidizes part of the cost for parties installing residential solar power generation systems 2. New support measures for introduction of fixed-type lithium-ion batteries Project supporting the introduction of fixed-type lithium-ion batteries - Promotes the introduction of fixed-type lithium-ion batteries into households and businesses to reduce power use peaks on the demand side and provide a back-up during power cuts. 3. New support measures for the introduction of HEMS and BEMS Project supporting the introduction of energy management systems* - To promote power demand constraint efforts in conjunction with the introduction of smart meters, subsidies are provided to high-pressure, low-quantity power consumers (like SMEs) and households, etc., for the introduction of energy management systems (BEMS, HEMS*). * Products using sensors and IT to enable consumers to use energy more efficiently. Individual devices are linked together into a system for smart and efficient energy management and control. Building energy management systems (BEMS) are being introduced into SMEs, and home energy management systems (HEMS) into households.
BEMS introduction (Commitment to 15% power-saving)
(Energy use information Energy management and
control business
Subsidies
10
5. Examples of Leading-Edge Infrastructure Development in Japan
Outline of EV/PHV Town Concept
Networking charging stations
he EV/PHV Town Concept is a model project for trials toward full-fledged dissemination of electric vehicles (EV) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHV), and is part of the Action Plan toward a Low-Carbon Society.
Creating initial demand for EVs and PHVs will require working intensively to improve charging infrastructure and educate the public, so local authorities leading the way in EV and PHV dissemination have been selected as model regions, or EV/PHV Towns.
EV/PHV Towns work with local companies and other parties on intensive EV/PHV introduction and development of the necessary environment, establishing dissemination models tailored to regional characteristics which can then be pursued elsewhere in Japan.
Osaka Prefecture
Some EV/PHV Towns are looking to the future and leading the way in developing charging facilities linked into communications networks with reservation and authentication systems.
Town-building: Osaka Charging Infrastructure Network Early introduction of a reservation/authentication system toward full EV dissemination and future billing In March 2008, Osaka led the world in using telecommunications infrastructure to link different
manufacturers’ charging stations, enabling drivers to make charging reservations from their mobile phones and handle authentication using their FeliCa cards.
Connecting up the three system vendors had the system operating across 35 charging stations—29 in Osaka (24 rapid chargers) and seven in the Kobe/Kyoto area (four rapid chargers)—as at the end of December 2009.
Nissan Leaf’s car navigation system supplies information on the status of rapid chargers in real time. Efforts are underway to link the whole Kansai area and then widen the network still further out to the
Kinki area and elsewhere.
Communications network Data center EV user Commercial facilities, etc.
3. Challenges and Solutions in Promoting Green IT in Asia
11
Challenges in Green IT Dissemination in Asia
1. Dissemination of green IT in Asian countries Dissemination of green IT in Asia will require the creation of a framework within which Asia Green IT Forum participants can pursue their own measures. 2. Elimination of barriers to green IT dissemination Dissemination of green IT products will require establishing the right conditions for trade expansion, including eliminating tariffs.
3. Offering incentives Companies need to be offered incentives that reduce initial investment costs and electricity charges when green IT products are introduced. 4. Trialing green IT Companies don’t know about green IT and buy non-green IT products on the basis of price alone, not realizing that they could face steeper costs as a result. They need to actually try using green IT and confirm what human resources they will need.
5. Standardizing data center metrics Global standards for data center metrics are needed to confirm data center efficiency.
6. Human resource development Companies can boost safety, save energy and improve power efficiency through the introduction of green IT, but they also need human resources with the knowhow to operate those technologies.
12
Solutions 1. Establish joint government-private sector organizations Countries need to cooperate with each other, including sharing information on best practices, to encourage the establishment of
joint government-private sector organizations on a national basis. They also need to hold green IT seminars to boost awareness and understanding of green IT and encourage further dissemination.
2. Mutual cooperation to promote ITA expansion Expansion of the ITA will boost the unimpeded distribution of IT and electronic products with outstanding environmental performance and contribute significantly to promoting green IT. The Asian countries should therefore work together toward the early conclusion of ITA expansion negotiations. 3. Implementing dissemination measures and support for green IT introduction Creation of compulsory energy efficiency policies like those of Japan, including the front runner method and penalties for non- compliance. The environment needs to be developed to facilitate green IT introduction, such as awards for companies introducing green IT, subsidies and other incentives for green IT introduction, and systems such as eco-points. 4. Energy-saving analyses It will be important to subject as many products as possible to energy-saving analyses, providing a first-hand understanding of the need for green IT. 5. Standardization of data center metrics Because PUE has little clear role or effect in terms of energy-saving or reducing carbon emissions, DPPE will be established as a new energy-saving standard for data centers that reflects the efficiency of IT devices. 6. Human resource development Human resources need to be developed with the knowhow to operate green IT.
4. Promotion of International Collaboration and Cooperation
○我が国の取組みを2国間、多国間など多様な場を活用して、推進。
EU
Asia
APEC (Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation)
Japan–US–EU cooperation on data center energy efficiency metrics
Standardization at IEC, ISO and ITU
U.S.
OECD
・ Asia Green IT Forum ・Asia Green IT Seminars
GIPC participation in the ICT4EE in Europe
Korea
MOU between GIPC* and its Korean counterpart
Japan
*GIPC=Green IT Promotion Council
International Cooperation and Collaboration
○ Japan is pursuing efforts in a range of arenas, including bilateral and multilateral formats.
13
4.1 International standardization of DPPE as data center energy efficiency
metric
○The Green IT Promotion Council has concluded memoranda of understanding with the Green Grid (US) and BCS (The Chartered Institute for IT) (Europe).
○The 7th workshop on effective metrics for measuring and assessing the energy efficiency of data centers was held in Japan in October 2012, with delegates from public and private-sector entities from Japan, the US and Europe.
METI 2 workshops held
every year
Cooperation Results of the October 2012 workshop: Confirms that DPPE proposed by Japan is an important approach to evaluate the entire data center Issues a written agreement that DPPE, along with other metrics, is to be examined in detail globally
US:EPA/DOE
Europe:CoC
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © METI 14
Promoting DPPE(Datacenter Performance Per Energy)as an international standard: Partnership amongst Japan, the US and Europe
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① Promote energy conservation in facilities(PUE) ② Promote the utilization of natural energy (GEC) ③ Promote energy conservation in IT equipment used in data
centers (ITEE) ④ Promote energy conservation through operations (ITEU)
Data Center
① Air-conditioners, power supply devices, power generators, lighting
Electricity Gas Fuel Cold water
Exhaust heat
Input energy
Output
Photovoltaic energy Wind energy
Energy
Natural energy
Facility
IT equipment ③ Servers, storage, network devices
Work ④ Operations, virtualization, power-saving operations
Work
Input energy
= DPPE
Goals of DPPE (Datacenter Performance Per Energy)
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 2012
Definition of DPPE and its Four Sub-metrics
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 2012
IT Equipment Utilization (ITEU)
IT Equipment Energy Efficiency (ITEE)
Power Usage Effectiveness
Green Energy Coefficient
(PUE)
(GEC)
Sub-metric name Basic definition Corresponding action
= • Effective operation of IT equipment
Σ (IT equipment rated capacity) Σ(Rated Energy Consumption of IT equipment)
= • Installation of energy efficient IT equipment
DC Total Energy Consumption Σ (Energy Consumption of IT Equipment) =
• Energy saving in facility
= Green energy
DC Total Energy Consumption
• Use of Green Energy
DPPE=ITEU×ITEE×(1/PUE)×(1/(1-GEC)
IT energy measured
IT energy max
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4.2 Support from Japan
Dissemination of Best Practices collections
Green IT seminars
Dispatch of green IT energy-saving survey missions
Green IT workshops, training for surveyed companies
The government of Japan arranges surveys on energy saving “by IT” which utilize advanced Japanese energy saving/control technologies in Asian countries.
GIPC member companies conduct surveys in the following facilities.
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © METI 17
① Survey on Energy Saving “by IT” in Asia
For projects of Energy Saving program
Toshiba
Economic and energy-saving operations of power generations
Stabilization and energy-saving operations of transmission systems
Communication infrastructure requirements for power-energy-saving
<Brunei>
NTT Data Intellilink Facility of data center
(power supply, air-conditioning, lighting)
Countermeasure to power supply losses
Proposal of High Voltage Direct Current(HVDC) Power Supply system
- Implementation of measurement of DPPE
<Malaysia>
Azbil Possibility of
replacement of equipment and introduction of BEMS (building energy management system) for office building by visualizing power consumption for heat source , air-condition equipment, lighting etc.
<Malaysia>
Yokogawa Electric
Plant with no integrated management of equipment and operation
Estimation of energy saving by IT solutions without significant replacement of facility
<Malaysia>
Data Center Public facilities/Buildings Plants/Factories
18 All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 2012
As part of the “Support Project for Using IT to Enhance a Knowledge Economy in Asia (Green IT promotion),” METI and GIPC promoted energy-saving surveys in Asian countries and helped Japanese companies develop business there by emphasizing energy-saving effects with their energy-saving and control technologies. We also held seminars and assisted business meetings in Vietnam and China, where 8 diagnosing companies reported their survey results and potential in energy saving for data centers, public facilities and plants.
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Holding Asia Green IT Seminars
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 2012
Dates: February 13, 2012 in Hanoi, Vietnam February 16, 2012 in Beijing, China
Trainees of green IT professionals from industry, business and government sectors from Asian countries were invited to Japan to learn about green IT initiatives and cases.
<2011 October 7-14 > Trainees: 30 people / China, Singapore, Vietnam, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Indonesia and the Philippines.
<2012 October 1-5 > Trainees: 20 people / Malaysia and India
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 20
② Developing Green IT professionals in Asia 1/2 – Training in Japan –
An expert from Japan was sent over to conduct seminars and site visits to Local companies, presenting an overview of green IT in Japan and some specific cases.
◆ Period 1) 2011 Dec and 2012 Jan: Malaysia KL 2) 2012 Aug : India Delhi, Bangalore ◆ Counterpart 1) Malaysia Green Technology Corporation 2) Manufactures’ Association of IT (MAIT) Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) ◆Seminar Program Content ・Japan’s green IT policies, GIPC efforts ・Measuring and predicting the energy-saving effect of green IT ・Specific green IT cases (data centers, plants, buildings)
All Rights Reserved, Copyright © GIPC 2012 21
② Developing Green IT professionals in Asia 2/2 – Expert Dispatch Program –
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