presented by: sunil vadher gyanprakash singh pankaj bhalala wastech international summit & expo...

PRESENTED BY: SUNIL VADHER

GYANPRAKASH SINGH

PANKAJ BHALALA

Wastech International Summit & Expo4R’s (Reduce, Recover, Reuse, Recycle): A Way to

Sustainability

Content

General introduction on waste

Global waste management fact

Good Practice of waste management (4R)

Incineration technology

Solid Waste Management and Recycling

Technology of Japan.

Where we can apply?

General Introduction waste

What is waste?In general term anything which has no use No commercial value

General Introduction waste

Why is waste?The use is not knowIt is not cost economical convert into useful

formIndifferent attitude of person handling itNo need of material and/or disposal is not a

problemCost of transportationThe alternate material is available in ample &

cheaper

General Introduction waste

Types of the wasteMSW : House hold items, commercial wasteHazardous waste : Industrial wasteBMW : Clinical wasteSpecial hazardous waste : Radioactive waste,

Explosive waste, E-waste

General Introduction waste

MSW waste classificationFood & Kitchen waste .Recyclable materials such as paper, glass,

plastic, metal.Domestic hazardous waste such as medical,

chemical, light bulbs & batteries.

Global waste management fact

Global waste management fact

Good Practice of waste management (4R)

Four principle of waste reduction are,1. Reduce2. Reuse3. Recycle4. Recover

Good Practice of waste management (4R)

Example

Solid Waste Management and Recycling Technology of Japan

With the aim of preserving the environment in rapidly developing nations, Japan introduce waste management and recycling technologies, which effectively turn waste into resources or appropriately dispose of it.

Waste Collection and Transport TechnologyIncineration TechnologyWaste Landfill Technology

Waste Collection and transport technology

Kitchen waste being collectedduring 1950s

Truck first used for garbagecollection during 1950s

Transferring garbage carried by rickshaw during 1950s

Transferring garbage carried by rickshaw during 1950s

History of Garbage Collection Trucks in Japan

Waste Collection and transport technology

Technology for efficient waste transport

Waste Collection and transport technology

Fuel-efficient collection and transport vehicles with high load volume

Low Pollution type garbage truck

It would be more efficient in many of the Asian countries to use small collection trucks of narrow roads.

Many of the roads in japan, too, are narrow, and 1t to 2t compact garbage collection trucks were developed with reduced body weight in order to increase load capacity.

Due to the worldwide problem of global warming, low-pollution-type garbage trucks, such as electric motor-drive trucks are being developed and put into practical use.

Incineration technology

Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion

 of organic substances contained in waste materials.

Incineration and other high-temperature waste treatment systems are

described as "thermal treatment".

Incineration of waste materials converts the waste into ash, flue gas, and

heat.

The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste, and may

take the form of solid lumps or particulates carried by the flue gas.

The flue gases must be cleaned of gaseous and particulate pollutants before

they are dispersed into the atmosphere.

In some cases, the heat generated by incineration can be used to

generate electric power.

Incineration technology

Waste landfill technology

Where Does our waste Go?

2.03 Kg of waste are produced Per Person Per Day.

27% Recycled

Natioally:

16% Burned 57% Landfilled

Waste landfill technology

What is a Landfill? The disposal of waste material by burying it, especially as a

method of filling in and reclaiming excavated pits. It can also be called as “Secured Landfill”, “Engineered

Landfill”, “Waste mounds”, “Waste piles” etc.

Waste landfill technology

LOCATION CRITERIA:

Lake or Pond : Greater than 200 Mts

River : Greater than 100 Mts

Highway : More than 500 Mts from highway

Habitation : At least 500 Mts from habitated area

Public Parks : 500 Mts far from public park

Water supply : 500 Mts away from water supply well

Waste landfill technology

SITE SELECTION CRITERIA :

HW Landfills should preferably be located in areas of low

population density, low alternative land use value, low ground

water contamination potential and at sites having high clay

content in the subsoil.

HW Landfill will be selected by the guidelines published by

MoEF

Waste landfill technology

History of a Landfill

Before 1960’s Most waste was burned in open dumps. produced clouds of smoke produced a bad odour

Before and early 1960’s Waste burned in incinerators and combustion facilities (high temperatures burn waste

more completely than in open burns) prime sources of air pollution

1960’s and 1970’s Laws passed regulating air pollution

1970’s Dumps converted to full operating landfills.

1988-2001 Number of landfills decline from 8,000 to 1,858 – because land requirement and

regulations are tighter.

Waste landfill technology

Simple Anatomy of a Landfill

Waste landfill technology

Anatomy of a Working LandfillDaily CoverAt the end of each day, waste is covered with 6-12 inches of soil. • reduces odors• keeps litter from blowing away• deters scavengers/animals/rodents

WasteWaste is compacted in layers to reduce its volume.

Sand/Gravel LayerCollects leachate (liquid produced from waste) and funnels it to leachate collection pipe

Leachate Pipe SystemPipes collect leachate and pump it out of the landfill and to a water treatment plant or another proper method of disposal.

Geomembrane – Plastic LayerA thick plastic layer lines the landfills and prevents leachate from entering the ground. The plastic is made from high-density polyethylene (HDPE) which is tough and impermeable.

Clay LayerCompacted Clay is first laid in the landfill space to form a barrier to prevent leachate leaks to protect the soil and hold the trash in place. Clay is used due to its moldable and impermeability qualities.

Waste landfill technology

Anatomy of a Closed Landfill

Protective Cover

Cover Vegetation – when landfills are full they are covered with native grasses and shrubs and used as recreation areas.

Top Soil & Cover Soil – supports and maintains the growth of vegetation and protects the landfill cap.

Waste landfill technology

A Landfill CellThe goal of a landfill is to cover it, isolate it, and keep it

from contaminating our air and groundwater.

Waste landfill technology

Landfill – Soil Top Layer

At the end of every day, the waste is compacted and a layer of soil called “daily cover” is spread over it to minimize odor, prevent windblown litter.

Waste landfill technology

Leachate Collection System

retention pond Leachate are removed and taken to:• retention pond• waste water treatment plant• another proper treatment facility

Retention Pond

Waste landfill technology

Methane Gas Collection System

Methane storage tank A county technician checking on a gas collection well

Waste landfill technology

An example of the electrical generation equipment in one of the Michigan Cogeneration System Plants. These engines burn only landfill gas as a fuel and operate 24 hours a day. Each engine produces 750 kw of electricity

Electricity generation from methane gas

Where we can apply

Thank you