part 4. conservation © scubasigns. 4.1 conservation outline and introduction 1. whale shark...

PART 4. CONSERVATION

© Scubasigns

4.1 CONSERVATIONOutline and Introduction

1. Whale shark conservation Status

2. Why is the whale shark vulnerable?

3. Threats to the whale shark worldwide

4. Conservation Solutions

© WWF Philippines

4.2 WS Conservation Status The whale shark is considered ‘Vulnerable to Extinction’ by the IUCN

Potential population size reduction of ≥ 30% over 10 – 100 yrs

It is protected by international agreements that protect migratory species (CMS) and prevent trade of wildlife products (CITES)

© Marc Zaalberg

4.3 What makes the whale shark naturally vulnerable?

Slow moving - often close to the surface

Slow to reach sexual maturity

Infrequent reproduction

Highly mobile

The following natural traits make the whale shark vulnerable to threats:

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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide

Targeted fishing for food, liver-oil or fins © WENN

4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide

Accidental fishing - shark is entangled in nets or discarded fishing tackle

4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide

Pollution in the form of chemical spills or refuse

4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide

Collisions with boats

© MWSRP

4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide

Habitat disturbance caused by unregulated tourism

4.5 Conservation Solutions

© IFAW

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Government protection: National and International

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Establish Marine Protected Areas (MPA’s)

© james Hancock

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Reduce demand for whale shark products

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Sustainable tourism

© Ecocolors

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Research and monitoring

© Brent Stewart HSWRI

4.5 Conservation Solutions

Education

© MWSRP