overlays and the evolution of bgp peering. agenda bgp issues – overlay networks – vpns – tor...
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Overlays and The Evolution of BGP Peering
Agenda
• BGP Issues– Overlay Networks– VPNs– ToR
• BGP Peering Today– Rise of the Tier-3 ISPs
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
BGP Issues
• End user has no control:
• End user would like control to:– Avoid certain ISP/AS/Countries for privacy/security
reasons– Avoid certain ISP for performance reasons
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Alice->Bob
Alice->Goog
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Alice->Bob
Alice->Goog
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Bob->Goog
Alice->Goog
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Bob->Goog
Alice->Goog
Overlay Networks
OK_NET
EVILNET
FASTNET
MY_NET
Alice->Goog
Examples of Overlays
Security V. Privacy
VPN – Virtual Private NetworksSecurity Oriented Overlay
ToR: Onion Routing
Get list of ToR nodes
Knows the source, but not the destination
knows neither the source, nor the destination
Knows the destination, but not the source
No Node in the network knows the destination AND the SourceSo you can browse anonymously
TOR Anonymity networkEveryone knows the TOR Nodes
To Stop Anonymous communication I can block traffic to the TOR nodes
Privacy V. Security Overlay
BGP Relationships and Peering Today
• Before:– Tier-1 Peer with each other
for free– Tier-2 pays Tier-1– Tier-3 pays Tier-2– We pay Tier-3
• Tier-1 can choose to peer with anyone.
• Tier-1 Does not pay anyone
Tier-1 e.g. ATT, Level 3
Tier-2
Tier-3 e.g. Comcast
Content providers& (CDN)
Users
BGP Relationships and Peering Today
• After Videos and Social networks became HUGE
• The end-user is important– ADs or videos– Very good user experience
• Now Tier-3s are become powerful players– Tier-3 charge for peering– “Paid Peering”– Essentially a direct connection to the
users
Traditional ISP relationships New Model with Paid-Peering
Example: Netflix (2010)• Level 3 is a Tier-1 ISP with CDNs
• Netflix switches from Akamai to Level 3– Level 3 is cheaper than Akamai
• Level3 asks Comcast for more capacity
• Comcast says: Not Unless you start paying.
• After months of struggle Level3 agrees to pay Compast for traffic.
• A Tier-1 ISP is now paying a Tier-3 ISP– This changes everything
Example: Netflix (2010)• Level 3 is a Tier-1 ISP with CDNs
• Netflix switches from Akamai to Level 3– Level 3 is cheaper than Akamai
• Level3 asks Comcast for more capacity
• Comcast says: Not Unless you start paying.
• After months of struggle Level3 agrees to pay Compast for traffic.
• A Tier-1 ISP is now paying a Tier-3 ISP– This changes everything
Reflection on the State of the Internet
Logics About Final Project
Milestones• Partner Selection
– Groups 2, 3.– Potentially pick a topic
• Proposal (10/14/2015)– 2 pages
• Presentation– 15 minutes
• Final Report– 6 pages
Project Types• Measurement driven
– Understand aspects of the Internet• Understand web-services• Understand BGP
– Data Analysis driven:• Understand quality of Bug/Repo
• More Open-Ended– Improving quality of experience (mobile)– Fault tolerance in BGP networks
• Re-implementation– Goal: OpenSource an existing idea (SDN related).– Learn to integrate with a cloud platform (e.g.
OpenStack)– Learn to integrate with Map-Reduce
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