o level - tourism - intro & types of tourism

TourismAll About Geography, Human Elective, Chapter 1, p.2 - 91

Food for Thought:

• What are some words that come to mind when you think of a tourist destination?

• What makes a place suitable for tourism?

• Is tourism always about leisure?

Mount Roraima, Venezuela

Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria

London, United Kingdom

Petra, Jordan

Importance of Tourism

• Accounts for more than US$1 trillion in global spending

• Employs close to 200 million jobs in the world

• Strong catalyst for broader economic growth for LDCs

• Creates opportunities for interactions between people of different cultures and nationalities

What do you think?

• How many people travelled abroad last year?

• Which was the most visited country in the world last year?

• How many people came to Singapore last year?

• How much revenue did Singapore make from tourists last year?

What do you think?

• Over 1.1 billion people travelled abroad last year.

• France was the most visited country – 84.7million people!

• Over 15 million people came to SG last year!

• Tourists receipts accounted for around SGD23.5 billion dollars!

Global Tourism:Is tourism the way to go?

KQ1:How does the

nature of tourism vary from place to

place?

Who are tourists?How do tourist

destinations differ from one another?

What factors affect the nature of tourism?

KQ2:Why has tourism become a global phenomenon?

In what ways is tourism changing?What influences tourism trends?Why is tourism

subjected to regional trends?

KQ3:What is the cost

of developing tourism?

What are the impacts of tourism?

How are they managed?

How does the nature of tourism vary from place to place?

Tourists and Tourism

•Tourists:− Persons travelling to and staying in

places outside their usual environment for more than 24 hours but less than one consecutive year for leisure, business and other purposes.

Tourists and Tourism

•Tourism (p.5):− International: tourism outside a

tourist’s own country− Domestic: tourism within a tourist’s

own country

Question:

Are the following examples of domestic tourism, international tourism or non-tourist activity?a) A Singaporean woman working

in Dubai for two yearsb) Town planners from Hong

Kong, flying into Singapore for a three day conference

c) A couple living in New York, spending New Year with relatives in Texas.

Discuss

• Is the nature of tourism the same around the world?

• What makes a places different from another?

Is the nature of tourism the same around the world?

Yes No A mixture of both

My Conclusion (>75 Words):

Name: ___________________________( ) Class:____ Date: ________

Different environments offer

different opportunities for

tourism…

Natural Environments

Human Environments

Human & Physical Environments

Examples of popular places:

•Places of scenic beauty

•Places with good infrastructure

•Places rich in culture

•Places of conflict

•Space tourism

Objectives

Skills:

• You will be able to explain in your own words how different destinations differ from one another.

• For each type of tourism, you will be able to name a few real-life examples.

Supporting documents:

• You will produce a mind map to show your ability to classify and differentiate between the various types of tourism

Places of Scenic Beauty

•Refer to p.6 of textbook.

•Honeypot tourism: tourism that attracts large numbers of people due to the site’s scenic beauty. These sites tend to become overcrowding during peak season.

•Q: What do we mean by ‘scenic beauty’?

The Grand Canyon

The Maldives

Page 7 & PitStop 2,Q2

Case Study of Victoria

Falls

Hawaii Volcano Park

Places of Scenic Beauty

•These places are usually naturally occurring

•Examples:− Mountains, coastal landforms, rivers,

volcanoes etc.

•Usually good for doing outdoor sports or just taking photos− E.g. hiking, skiing, surfing etc

But what about places with no

naturally ‘scenic’ sites?

Places with good facilities• Refer to p.8

• A popular strategy for cities and countries without much scenic beauty.

• Focus on providing services via building facilities that cater to:a. MICEb. Educational purposesc. Medical and health reasonsd. Amusement and thrills

Places with good facilities

•MICE− an acronym for Meetings,

Incentives, Conventions and Events.− Such facilities tend to attract tourist

who travel for business reasons.− Example: New York, Seoul, Tokyo,

Singapore, Sydney

Places with good facilities

These places usually have

Venues can host large scale events

Plenty of hotels and retail services

Located along international air routes

Expo / Convention Centers

Hotels(Las Vegas)

The Stadium (London)

Flights to and from Singapore

Places with good facilities• Case study: Singapore

− Was the leading convention city in Asia-Pacific in 2012, drawing over 3.2 million visitors (24% of all visitors to Singapore)

− We have played host to the IMF, the Youth Olympic Games and the World Bank (to name a few)

− Key factors:o We are a major aviation hubo Reliable telecommunication networkso Variety of retail and entertainment options

Places with good facilities

•Educational Tourism:− When people travel to a place to

learn more about the culture (e.g. student exchange, school trips) or to work and apply skills learned inside the classroom in a different environment (e.g. training and research programmes)

− Can last for a few days to weeks.

Question:

• The UK attracts > 1 million student visitors annually, earning the country > US$4 billion a year!

•Why?

Most universities promote some form of foreign travel for their students. These include anything

from 6-week intensive study sessions to a full year of cultural and linguistic immersion.

Nations such as Costa Rica have been extremely successful with eco-tourism in which they combine lessons on how to

protect the world’s ecology with the travel experience.

Can you name other places

you would like to visit for

educational purposes?

Places with good facilities• Medical and Health Tourism:

− When people travel to undergo medical procedures or to maintain, enhance or restore their health.

− Reasons include:o To avoid long waiting time in their home

countryo Seek better quality medical procedureso Seek cheaper cost of medical treatments o See p.11, Fig. 1.10

• Which country would you choose?

The Dead Sea in IsraelThe high mineral content is said to be good for the skin and arthritis

An Onsen in JapanDifferent minerals provide different health benefits, and all hot springs are supposed to have

a relaxing effect on your body and mind.

Case Study: Plastic Surgery in South KoreaSee: http://

www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-10-10/plastic-surgery-lifts-south-korean-tourism

Places with good facilities• Theme Parks:

− Places with amusements and attractions that are centred around a particular theme

− Mainly targeted at families with children− Features numerous rides, restaurants and

performers− Examples: o Walt Disney World in Florida, USAo Universal Studios, Singaporeo Nagashima Spa Land in Japan

• Q: Why do families like theme parks?

Disney World: attracts over 17 million visitors

every year!

Cedar Point in the USA – the roller

coaster capital of the world

Resorts World Sentosa – includes MICE facilities as

well!

Places with good facilities

•Concluding points:− Facilities are crucial for tourism. It

encourages tourists to stay and spend more time and money in the country.

− But it also encourages more waste pollution in the country.

•Thinking ahead:− How can we manage the waste

generated from tourism in our country?

Cultural Tourism

Places with rich culture

•Culture:− the ideas, customs, and social

behaviour of a particular people or society.

− No two places or countries are ever alike. Thus, all forms of travel are in one way or another ‘cultural’ in nature.

•Q: why is it important to experience different types of cultures?

Places with rich culture

Heritage Film-induced

CulinaryReligious/

pilgrimage

Examples of cultural tourism

Places with rich culture

•Heritage Tourism− travelling to experience the places and

activities that represent the stories and people of the past and present.

− can also be used as a tool to reinforce a national pride and identity

− Common places:o Museumso Festivalso Monuments

Places with rich culture

•Heritage Tourism− Some places are so unique that

they’ve been declared A UNESCO World Heritage Siteo a place that is listed by the United

Nationas (UN) as of special cultural or physical significance to the world

Mont St. Michel, France

Banaue Rice Terraces,

Philippines

Wudang Mountains,

China

Discuss the pros and cons of declaring

places as UNESCO World Heritage sites

Your Task

• Find out about the UNESCO World Heritage Sites at www.unesco.org

• List down ONE UNESCO World Heritage Site that you would like to visit in your lifetime.

• Include a brief summary of why this place is important and unique

Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Film-induced Tourism− Places that have gained famed for

being in movies.− Examples: ???

Zhangjiajie National Forest

World of Harry Potter!

Places with rich culture• See p.16

• Culinary Tourism− Refers to the pursuit of unique and memorable eating

and drinking experiences.− Food is consistently ranked as one of the most

important and enticing draws for tourists to a country.− In recent years, the proliferation of food-related

programmes on the internet and television has helped to cultivate a keen interest in experiencing different types of food and ‘dining adventures’ among many people.

− These people tend to refer to themselves as ‘foodies’ and make it a point to organize their trips to experience certain types of cuisines.

Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Culinary Tourism− Examples:o France – the annual Michelin

Guide is a popular culinary tour book that attracts millions of visitors to the country every year.

o Other countries: Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore

Places with rich culture

•See p.16

•Pilgrimage Tourism− Travelling to participate in a religious

activity or festival.− Examples:o Mecca, Saudi Arabia for the Hajj

• Attracts of 1.8 million visitors every year.o Vatican City or Jerusalem, Israel for Easter

and Christmaso Varanasi, India for the Ganga Festival

Discuss

•What is culture?

•Where are some places that have cultures that are unique and enticing?

• In what way can films or religion induce tourism in a country?

Places of conflict

Places of Conflict• See p.18

• Dark Tourism− Travelling to sites that are associated with

death and tragedy.− Example:o Sites where natural disasters have occurredo Prison campso Sites of terrorist attackso Human massacres

− Q: why do people want to travel to such places?

Auschwitz Concentration Camp, Poland

Would you visit this place?Mianzhu, Sichuan Province, China

Tourists stand amongst the ruins of Hanwang Zhen town, part of the city of Mianzhu.

Tourists stand amongst the ruins of Hanwang Zhen town, part of the city of Mianzhu.

What will the future of tourism

be like?

Space TourismSee p.19

Pit Stops 3 & 4 Mindmap1

Family Fun!

• What makes Singapore a suitable place for families with young children?

• Refer to the handout. How much will a package like this cost?

• What is the most expensive item on the list? Why?

• What would you leave out?

• Do you think that this is a suitable package for families? Give reasons to suggest why/why not.

• Does the yoursingapore.com website do a good job in guiding tourists on their trip to Singapore? Support your answer with examples and explanations.

• Give 2 reasons to suggest why some families might not want to come to Singapore.

http://www.yoursingapore.com/content/dam/_yourSingapore/EN/Traveller/Campaign/holiday-you-take-home/pdf/Itinerary-FamilyFun.pdf