o feel good with wood! - woodworks using wood structure with case study ... butler brothers building...
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6/24/2012
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“Trees have the yearning to live again, perhaps to provide the beauty, strength and utility to serve man and even to become an object of great artistic worth.” -George Nakashima
Feel Good with Wood! Education, Health & Inspiration
Cheryl A. Ciecko ALA, AIA, LEED AP, CSI, GGP Senior Technical Director - WoodWorks
Program #12NC01 1.0 LU –AIA CEU/CES- HSW/SD Credit
Cheryl A. Ciecko ALA AIA, LEED AP, CSI, GGP WoodWorks – Senior Technical Director / Architect
The Wood Products Council
WoodWorks is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems (AIA/CES). Credit(s) earned on
completion of this program will be reported to AIA/CES for AIA
members. Certificates of Completion for both AIA members and non-
AIA members are available upon request.
This program is registered with AIA/CES for continuing professional
education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed
or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any
material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using,
distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be
addressed at the conclusion of this presentation.
Copyright Materials
This presentation is protected by US and
International Copyright laws. Reproduction,
distribution, display and use of the presentation
without written permission of the speaker is
prohibited.
© WoodWorks 2012
(
Learning Objectives At the end of this program, participants will be able to:
1. Examine the relationship between wood and
human health through a recent scientific study, and
review of concepts of biophilia.
2. Evaluate cost studies of recent educational
projects using wood structure with case study
examples.
3. Dispel forestry myths and discover the facts
regarding North American Forests.
4. Consider a variety of case study examples of
innovative projects for learning, healing, and
inspiration.
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Learning Objectives Biophilia
History Learning Healing
Costs - Financial
Costs – Environmental Forests
Aesthetics
Toll Plaza - NJ
Gilroy High School, CA
History of Wood Structures
The Fairbanks House (c.1636)
Nara, Japan (c.711)
Gol Stave Ch (c.1235) Parlange Plantation (c. 1750
Wood Multi-story Structures
Wood Construction 1914 to 1917
5 Stories, 240 Guest rooms
Many Glacier Lodge, Glacier National Park, Montana
Moving forward… means looking back.
1915 - ?
Many Glacier Hotel, Glacier Nat’l Park, MT
Butler Brothers Building 1906-1908
9 Stories 500,000 s.f.
Butler Square today…
Architect: Harry W. Jones Renovated 1974
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Industrial Revolution
•Alternating current •Internal combustion engines •Refrigeration/ canning •Mass produced steel •Telephones •Soap
Design for the 20th Century
Man conquering nature and the elements.
Increase in the separation a building provided from the world around it
Buildings devoid of nature
Design for the 21st Century?
88% of life spent indoors Environments associated with stress
“the connections that human beings subconsciously seek with
the rest of life”
Biophilia = “love of living systems”
Social psychologist Erich Fromm/Edward Wilson 1980s
Emotional connection…
when people see and touch wood…
Evidence Based Design - Healthcare Based on study of room views on patient outcomes Healthcare facilities in Canada experienced
positive patient response due the humanism incorporated in the architecture of the facilities
Schools in Japan -built with wood because students
respond positively
Daylighting Plants Views
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Recent Study – Univ. of B.C. / FPI
Research objectives: • Does wood reduce
stress in the built environment?
David Fell, PhD Office Test Environments
Conclusions
1. “…the presence of visual wood surfaces in a room lowered sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation.
2. Wood is a new tool for practitioners of evidence based design
Wood = Health Benefits
“Stress, as measured by sympathetic nervous system activation,
was lower in the wood room in all periods of the study.”
Select Health Benefits of Nature Healthcare
- lower pain perception - faster recovery - fewer reported illnesses - fewer sick days
Evidence Based Design 2012 David Fell/ FPInnovations
Select Health Benefits of Nature Schools
- greater attention - greater creativity - lower aggression -better interpersonal relations -Decreased absenteeism
Evidence Based Design & Daylighting 2012 David Fell/ FPInnovations
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Select Health Benefits of Nature Retail
- Draw shoppers - Boost Sales -Shoppers stay longer -Shoppers visit more frequently -Improved image perception
Evidence Based Design & Daylighting 2012 Terrapin Bright Green LLC
Building Schools with Wood Design
Ben Nakamura Architect/Professor Kogakuin University I
Shirayama School, Takefu, Fukui
Ume Ryokuho Junior HS in Ume-machi, Oita
“Schools made of concrete and paint are rather
Why Wood?: Learning Atmosphere Cumulated fatigue experienced by teachers
Irritable
General fatigue
Chronic fatigue
Physical unwellness
Low work motivation
Low energy
Anxious
Depressed
Reinforced concrete
Wood
Japanese Study – in Wood Schools teachers experience less fatigue.
Fatigue Experienced by Students
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Sleepiness Difficulty Concentrating
Physical Discomfort
Wood Lg Areas
Wood Int.
Wood Sm Areas
Japanese Study
Three prisons, one school…
MO State Penitentiary
Seodaemun Prison Hall, Seoul, Korea
Prison-Styria, Austria
Evelyn Grace Academy, London, UK
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Architect: Zaha Hadid
“Jagged angles of bare concrete, glass and silver spray painted aluminum…”
Evelyn Grace Academy, London Evelyn Grace Academy, London
“…wanted a grown-up building. Neutral & functional rather than playful and childish.”
Richmond Christian School, BC
Richmond Christian School
…a non-institutional environment that would be visually warm and welcoming.
”non-institutional …visually warm & welcoming. “
“a grown-up building. Neutral & functional rather than playful & childish.”
Integration of Biophilic Materials
Users connect with the structure ---
not just the material Creating… true biophilic design
Surrey City Center- StructureCraft Builders, B.C.
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Learning Objectives
Biophilia Learning Healing
Costs – Financial Durability
Costs – Environmental Forests
Aesthetics
Toll Plaza - NJ
Gilroy High School, CA
Michael Reese Hospital - Chicago
Construction Materials Price Index Change in producer prices. December 2003 = 100
Source: U.S. Dept of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Steel Mill Products Concrete Products
Lumber & Plywood Consumer Price Index
EL DORADO HIGH SCHOOL GIVING STUDENTS THE “WOW” THEY DESERVE
CADM Architecture’, El Dorado, AR Engineering Consultants, Little Rock, AR
Feel Good About Cost!
Budget Targets met w/ Wood
“…our response was to look at other framing types. That’s where we found considerable savings.” J. Richard Brown, Engineering Consultants, Little Rock
322,500 sf
El Dorado High Schools – $43 million
322,500sf Converted 40% to wood - saving $2.7 mil.
Saved 5% of original $60 million budget.
Compression ring = 16 ft. dia.
5 ft. deep glulam beams w/ unique steel tension rod system across 55 ft space…
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CLASSROOMS CONVERTED TO WOOD
? ? ? ?
$134 per s.f.
Main Street Corridor – 24 ft wide
2,200 seat basketball arena
CADM Architects Photos by W.I. Bell & Dennis Ivy
EL Dorado High School – WOW!
$2.7 million savings due to use of wood framing!
Cost Benefits – Materials & Labor
WHAT ABOUT INSTALLED COSTS? Totem Lumber- Chicago Prices – April 2012
Newport Elementary School
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY ARCHITECT JERRY BRACKETT
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Newport Elementary School
Area=124,632 sf
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY ARCHITECT JERRY BRACKETT
Initial Estimates Show Little Savings
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY ARCHITECT JERRY BRACKETT
Estimated Steel Cost - $143 / SF Estimated Wood Cost - $142 / SF
Actual Cost was $114.20 / SF
Roof System Closed cell polyurethane
insulation R-21.4 Reduced R-value due to
reduced air infiltration provided by closed cell insulation
If exposed closed polyurethane requires intumescent coating, use 5/8” type X gypsum board
No sprinkler system required - Volume between “I” joists less than 160 cubic feet; NFPA 13, 8.15 5/8” type X gypsum board provides more protection for wood roof construction
INFORMATION PROVIDED BY ARCHITECT JERRY BRACKETT
Feel Good Good About Durability What are the most
durable building materials?
Are concrete and steel buildings most durable?
Minneapolis Demolition Survey
Wood buildings are the oldest to be demolished….
Structural System = Long Useful Life?
No Relationship! Reasons for demolition
Only 8/227 Buildings identified a specific structural failure…
•Changing Land values •Lack of suitability •Lack of maintenance
N.J. Toll Plaza
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Age of demolished steel & concrete buildings?
Less than 50 years!
Fire Damaged Plant – Lebanon, PA
Toll Plaza - NJ
Cabrini Green Housing – Chgo
Durable materials = longest service life?
Fulton County Stadium, Atlanta, Georgia
1963
Age: 32 years
- 1997
Hedmark County, Norway
Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers Bridge Engineering 158 March 2005 Issue BE1
The Structural Engineer 16 September 2008
Modern Timber Bridges – 100 yr . Life! Tynset Bridge
Flisa Bridge
230 ft. 184 ft. 171 ft.
Durable Walls High Traffic Areas – Wood Walls? Abuse resistant gypsum Wood panel backing
Designing for Durability
Exterior Walls and Bathrooms
Interior Wall Corridor
Interior Wall Classroom
Glulam Top & End Flashing
www.apawood.org
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Glulam Connection Details
Photos by SEH Inc.
St. Cloud Regional Airport, MN
Architectural Alliance Minneapolis, MN
Weep Holes
Flashing to guard against moisture… Blackfeet Community College - MT
More information…
www.apawood.org
Feel Good About Fire Performance
Heavy Timber resists fires through charring and maintains strength
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http://www.awc.org/pdf/tr10.pdf
Heavy Timber Fire Design
CHAR !
Char protects the inner core.
Cold wood Cold wood
Cold wood Heated wood Char Layer
Fire Resistive Construction Resources
http://www.aitc-glulam.org/shopcart/Pdf/superior%20fire%20resistance.pdf
http://www.awc.org/pdf/tr10.pdf Public Library, Beaverton, OR.
Learning Objectives
Biophilia Learning Healing
Costs – Financial Durability
Costs – Environmental Forests
Aesthetics
Toll Plaza - NJ
Gilroy High School, CA
Carbon – the #1 Environmental issue
www.calforestfoundation.org
Photosynthesis SUN
C6 H12 O6
CO2
water
O2
sugar
How Trees “Absorb” Carbon Dioxide
Sand
y M
cKel
lar C6 H12
O6
Wood is 50%
carbon by
weight
(C6H10O5)n
sugar
What is wood?
Sandy McKellar
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Carbon Stored Sustainable forestry
Clearcutting Deforestation in sustainable forestry.
Natural Events Deforestation
Deforestation NOT caused by Logging. Agriculture & Cattle Ranching
Cattle Ranching 65-70-%
Agriculture
Logging 2-3%
Feel Good About Our Forests
Specify Certified Wood Products How can we best ensure
forest sustainability? Increase in DEMAND
Increase in SUPPLY
Forest Land Ownership Private = 57% Public = 43%
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Mountain Pine Beetle Epidemic
Glacier National Park 2011
Glacier National Park 2011
Coal Mining = Deforestation
7% Hydro
3% Renewables
2009 Electric Sector Generation
Feel Good about Carbon Savings
El Dorado High School
Learning Objectives
Biophilia Learning Healing
Costs – Financial Durability
Costs – Environmental Forests
Aesthetics
Toll Plaza - NJ
Gilroy High School, CA
The Uses for Wood are Endless
Sentinal Structures Gilroy High School, CA
Credit Valley Hospital Beaverton Library, OR
Prairie Island, MN Brentwood Station, BC Bellevue Transit Station
Bridges - Norway
Credit Valley Hospital
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Gilroy High School, CA
Schools
Wood in Healthcare/ Schools
www.naturallywood.org Videos
Gilroy High School – Gilroy, CA
Chase Lake Elementary – Edmonds, WA
Glulam for innovative designs
Univ. of British Columbia – Michael Smith Building
Redstone School
Photos courtesy McFarland Marceau Architects Ltd.
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Ann Reid Early Childhood Center
Wight & Company, Darien, IL
Ann Reid Early Childhood Center
Wight & Company, Darien, IL
Albert Lea High School, MN Case Study: APA Lit. #B115 Architect/Eng.: DLR Group, Minneapolis, MN Size: 270,000sf built in 2000 Cost: $27 million
University Facilities
Bethel University, MN Roosevelt University, CA
Architect: Witmar Abele, KMBR Architects Planners Inc.
Crawford Bay Elementary-Secondary School
Crawford Bay,BC
Kroon Hall, Yale University School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT
Architect: Centerbrook Architects & Planners LLP, and Hopkins Architects
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Beaverton Library, Oregon
Darryl Condon, Hughes Condon Marler Architects
Whistler Library, Whistler, B.C.
Darryl Condon, Hughes Condon Marler Architects
Whistler Library, Whistler, B.C. Healthcare
Thunder Bay Regional Health Sciences Center
Salter Farrow Pilon Architects Inc.
Photos: Tom Davenport
Herrington Recovery Center – Oconomowoc, WI
Design + Construction 2010
Citation from the Wisconsin Green Building
Owner: Rogers Memorial Hospital Arch: TWP Architecture S.E.: Puiara Wirth Torke, Inc. G.C.: VJS Construction Srv.
2010 Green Building Award
Willson Hospice House – Albany, GA
Perkins & Will, Atlanta, GA Jim Roof Creative Photography
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Carlo Fidani Peel Regional Cancer Center
Mississauga, Ontario
Farrow Partnership Architects
Architects: ANO architects & LEA architects
Mattawa General Hospital Mattawa, Ontario
Gateway Lodge-Long Term Care Home Prince George, BC.
Architect: Jerry Doll of Neale Staniszkis Doll Adams Architects
Wood in Religious Structures
WGM Design, Inc. Lancaster County Timber Frame Belmont, NC
Belmont Abbey College Chapel
The Cathedral of Christ the Light •110 feet tall • 1000 yr. earthquake •Building life of 300 years
Retail
Sainsbury Center, Devon UK - 2008
Salter Farrow Pilon Architects Inc.
Architect: Stride Terglown Ltd.
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Visitor Reception, London, UK
Quebec Prefabricated Retail
Arquitectura, Inc. – Milwaukee, WI Commercial Wood Design Award 2009
Photos by Arquitectura
Layton Petro Mart --- Greenfield, WI OneOne
One Realtor Center Tyler, TX Ken Killian Architects Garland, TX
Centers for the Arts/ Institutional Recreational Facilities
Prairie Island, MN
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Photos courtesy of Structurlam
Surrey Family YMCA
Banff Recreational Center
Myrick Hixon EcoPark Building - WI
Whole Trees Architecture, Stoddard, WI
Architect: Kuwabara Payne McKenna Blumberg Architects
Performing Arts: Royal Conservatory of Music, Koerner Concert Hall Toronto, ON
Transportation: Canada Border Service Agency Building Fort Erie, ON
Architect: NORR Limited Architects and Engineers Engineers: Blackwell Bowick Partnership Inc.
Jackson Hole International Airport
Jackson, Wyoming Architects: Gensler Project Type: Airport Expansion & Renovation
Jackson Hole International Airport
2010 - LEED Silver Certification Building Size: 115,578 s.f. Const. Cost: $30.6 million
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Learning Objectives
Biophilia Learning Healing
Costs – Financial Durability Fire
Costs – Environmental Forests
Aesthetics
Toll Plaza - NJ
Gilroy High School, CA
The benefits of using wood… Cost
Faster construction time
Fire Resistance
Aesthetics
Sustainability
BIOPHILIA
SCHOOL INITIATIVE •Quarterly E-Bulletins •Webinars •Case Studies •Technical Assistance - FREE
Mid-Rise Initiative Marseille Condos Seattle, WA PB Architects
Photo: Matt Todd
Free Technical Assistance
Wood in Healthcare/ Schools
www.naturallywood.org Videos
THANK YOU!!! www.woodworks.org
How can you help us continue to offer and improve these programs???
Questions? Cheryl Ciecko,
AIA, ALA, LEED AP Senior Technical Director
cheryl@woodworks.org
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