nursery setup

MANAGEMENT PRACTICES FOR ESTABLISHING

A GOOD NURSERY

INTRODUCTION

Why nursery plays an important part in estate management ?

CRITERIAS FOR SETTING UP NEW NURSERY

1. Area should not be on hilly slopes – Best on flat or gentle sloping area

2. Area should not be flood prone

3. Reliable clean source of water

4. Close to source of suitable quality soil

5. Easy accessibility

F

G

B C

D

E

A

LEGEND

1) Pre – nursery

2) Main nursery

3) Pump house

4) Store

5) Entrance

6) 6” piping

7) 4” piping

8) 2” piping

9) Fencing

OP NURSERY LAYOUT

Total Ha : 12Total Capacity : 150000 seedlings

CAMBERED

SINGLE STAGE NURSERYDISADVANTAGES

•Require larger area

•High cost of watering

•Danger with failure when not properly watered

•Require supervision over a larger area

ADVANTAGES

•Less handling of seedlings

•Transplanting shock is avoided

•Pre-nursery transplanting not required

•Pre-nursery infrastructure not required

DOUBLE STAGE NURSERYADVANTAGES

•Require small initial cost for pre-nursery

•Less irrigation water required

•Upkeep & supervision is easier

•Lower maintenance cost

•Culling can be done early

•Allow flexibility

•Doubletons can be split

DISADVANTAGES

•More handling of seedlings

•Risk of transplanting shock

•Susceptible to pests & diseases

NURSERY STAND

Based on 3’ x 3’ triangle planting

1 acre = 5,000 seedlings

or 1 ha = 12,500 seedlings

SEEDS REQUIREMENT

1. 210 seeds/ha 210

2. 10% culling at Pre Nursery - 21

3. 15% culling at Main Nursery - 31 52

Total Available 158

GERMINATED SEEDS

Radical

Plumule

NURSERY BEDS

1.2 m

5 - 6 m

PLANTING SEEDS

3 MONTHS OLD SEEDLINGS

Preparation Work on Main Nursery

1. Filling soil in 15” x 18” polybags

2. Lining & Stacking (3ft x 3ft x 3ft)

3. Soil topping

Suitable Soil for Nursery Use

1) Sandy clay loam to Clay loam

2) For heavy Clay soil mix with river sand, ratio 1:3

TRANSPLANT

CORER

CORING

AFTER CORING

15cm

MYCORRHIZA APPLICATION

MYCORRHIZA ( After covered with soil )

SLOW RELEASE FERTILISER

SLOW RELEASE FERTILISER

OPEN POLYBAG

PLANT & COMPACT soil

MULCHING

MULCHING

TRANSPLANTED SEEDLING

WATER REQUIREMENT

7 – 8 mm rain / day

1.5 Liters/day

WATERING SYSTEMWATERING SYSTEM

SUMISANSUISUMISANSUI

OVERHEAD SPRINKLEROVERHEAD SPRINKLER

SUMISHOWERSUMISHOWER

WEEDING

1. In the bag - Manual

2. On the ground - Chemical Spraying

1) In the bag - Manual

2) On the ground - Chemical Spraying

PEST & PEST & DISEASESDISEASES

Rhinoceros Rhinoceros BeetleBeetle

PESTPEST

DISEASESDISEASES

ANTHRACNOSEANTHRACNOSE

DISEASESDISEASES

LEAF ROTLEAF ROT

Corticium sp.Corticium sp.

DISEASESDISEASES

LEAF SPOTLEAF SPOT

Curvularia sp.Curvularia sp.

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

FERTILISERS SCORCHFERTILISERS SCORCH

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

FERTILISER SCORCHFERTILISER SCORCH

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

HERBICIDE SCORCHHERBICIDE SCORCH

OTHER DISORDERSOTHER DISORDERS

SUN SCORCHSUN SCORCH

OIL PALM NURSERYRUNTS & ROGUES

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

TWISTED SHOOT

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

CRINKLED LEAF

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

GRASS LEAF

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ROLLED LEAF

PRENURSERY (3-4 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

COLLANTE

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT INTERNODE

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

WIDE INTERNODE

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

NARROW PINNAE

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAE

1) ERECT HABIT

2) FUSED TIPS

3) STUNTED HABIT

4) BRUSH-LIKE HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEERECT HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEBRUSH-LIKE HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAESTUNTED HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

SHORT, BROAD PINNAEFUSED TIPS

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

STERILE ERECT HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ERECT HABIT,ACUTE ANGLE, PINNAE INSERTION

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

ERECT HABIT,VERY ACUTE ANGLE, PINNAE INSERTION

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

JUVENILE, FUSED PINNAE

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

FLAT TOP HABIT

MAIN NURSERY (12 MONTHS FROM PLANTING)

FLACCID, LIMP HABIT

EFFECT OF PLANTING EFFECT OF PLANTING RUNTS & ROGUESRUNTS & ROGUES

ROGUES PLANTED IN THE FIELD

ROGUES PLANTED IN THE FIELD

RUNTS PLANTED IN THE FIELD

RUNTS PLANTED IN THE FIELD

RUNTS AND ROGUES REMOVED IN THE FIELD

Result of Planting Runts in Field

No Bunches

Further Waste Of Fertiliser!

Planted In The FieldNursery Stage

Erect

REVENUE LOSS WHEN PLANTING RUNTS & ROGUES

Runts & Rogues

( %)

FFB Ton/Ha

OER

(%)Oil/Ha

CPO Price

(RM)

Total Revenue

(RM)

Revenue Loss

(RM/Ha)

0 25.00 20 5.00 1,800 9,000 0

1 24.75 20 4.95 1,800 8,910 -90

3 24.25 20 4.85 1,800 8,730 -270

5 23.75 20 4.75 1,800 8,550 -450

7 23.25 20 4.65 1,800 8,370 -630

10 22.50 20 4.50 1300 5,850 -650

Cost per seedling(After Culling)

Cost per seedling (RM)(Excluding Capital Cost)

•Germinated seeds : 1.05

•Polybag (6” x 9”) : 0.02

•Manuring : 0.07

•Watering : 0.01

•Pest & Diseases : 0.02

•Soil & Bag Filling : 0.06

•Planting : 0.02

•Weeding : 0.05

•Transfer Bag : 0.02

•Sub Total : 1.32

Pre- Nursery

Cost per seedling (RM)(Excluding Capital Cost)

•Polybag (15” x 20”) : 0.15

•Transfer & Transport : 0.10

•Filling & Topping : 0.20

•Soil : 0.09

•Stacking/Lining : 0.16

•Mulching : 0.03

•Watering : 0.08

•Manuring : 0.39

•Weeding : 0.50

•Pest & Diseases : 0.18

•Transplanting : 0.09

•Culling : 0.01

•Sub Total : 1.98

•GRAND TOTAL : 3.30

Main Nursery

Culling Rate

Pre-nursery : 5 – 7 % Main nursery : 18 – 23 %

Total : 23 – 30 %

MPOB CERTIFICATION

Conclusion

• Look after the seedlings as though they are your babies.

• Choose the best of these seedlings to give the best yield.

• The future of your Estate or Company depends on your action and decision.

• Remember you are a stakeholder.• So, act wisely!

THANK YOU