non-infectious diseases

Non-Infectious Non-Infectious DiseasesDiseases

CaninesCanines

Non-Infectious DiseasesNon-Infectious Diseases►Cannot be caught from othersCannot be caught from others►Caused by Caused by

Physical InjuriesPhysical Injuries Genetic DefectsGenetic Defects EnvironmentEnvironment DietDiet

Heart DiseaseHeart Disease►Two types Two types

1. Congenital Defects- Had at birth1. Congenital Defects- Had at birth 2. Acquired heart disease2. Acquired heart disease

SymptomsSymptoms►Coughing during sleepCoughing during sleep►Coughing during exerciseCoughing during exercise► Inability to exerciseInability to exercise►Fainting during exerciseFainting during exercise►Gums turning blue during exerciseGums turning blue during exercise►Open mouth breathing at restOpen mouth breathing at rest►Difficulty breathing when lying downDifficulty breathing when lying down►Large abdomen due to fluid Large abdomen due to fluid

Causes of Acquired Heart Causes of Acquired Heart DiseaseDisease

►Problems begin slow and get worse as Problems begin slow and get worse as an animal agesan animal ages

►Heart Valves DeteriorateHeart Valves Deteriorate►Bacterial infections in the heart valves Bacterial infections in the heart valves

and musclesand muscles►Cancerous tumorsCancerous tumors►HeartwormsHeartworms►Most cases are Congenital Most cases are Congenital

CataractsCataracts►Cloudy white opacity to the eye lensCloudy white opacity to the eye lens►Can be hereditary or non-hereditaryCan be hereditary or non-hereditary►Will cause blindnessWill cause blindness►Can be removed by surgeryCan be removed by surgery

GlaucomaGlaucoma► Serious disease caused by increasing Serious disease caused by increasing

pressure on the eyeball. pressure on the eyeball. ► Caused by lots of different problems with Caused by lots of different problems with

the “aqueous humor” or fluid of the eye. the “aqueous humor” or fluid of the eye. The eye loses it’s ability to drain fluid, but keeps The eye loses it’s ability to drain fluid, but keeps

producing more. producing more. ► The pressure causes irreversible damage to The pressure causes irreversible damage to

the optic nerve. the optic nerve. ► Treated with surgery or eye drops. Treated with surgery or eye drops. ► Lots of dogs lose their eye. Lots of dogs lose their eye.

Hip Dysplasia Hip Dysplasia ►Common in large breedsCommon in large breeds►Genetic disease that affects the hip Genetic disease that affects the hip

joints.joints.►Causes hind leg lamenessCauses hind leg lameness►Dog will show pain when rising, moving Dog will show pain when rising, moving

and particularly cold and damp weather. and particularly cold and damp weather. ►Treatment is aimed at just treating pain. Treatment is aimed at just treating pain.

Arthritis Arthritis ►Degenerate joint DiseaseDegenerate joint Disease►Causes pain, lameness and stiffnessCauses pain, lameness and stiffness►Usually associated with old ageUsually associated with old age►Large dogs are more susceptibleLarge dogs are more susceptible►More severe in obese dogsMore severe in obese dogs►We can only treat the painWe can only treat the pain

Anal SacsAnal Sacs►Located at 4:00 and 8:00 positions on the Located at 4:00 and 8:00 positions on the

dogs anus. dogs anus. ►Contain a substance that allow dogs to Contain a substance that allow dogs to

mark their territory. mark their territory. ►Can become blocked and need emptying. Can become blocked and need emptying. ►A dog may lick and drag butt on the A dog may lick and drag butt on the

ground. ground. ►Let vet empty the first time and you Let vet empty the first time and you

watch. watch.

FUNGAL DISEASESFUNGAL DISEASES►RINGWORMRINGWORM►SYMPTOMS begin as broken hairs around SYMPTOMS begin as broken hairs around

the face, ears or feet. the face, ears or feet. ►Reddened and scaly skin develop Reddened and scaly skin develop ► In severe cases, scaling and crusting occurs In severe cases, scaling and crusting occurs ►To treat, clip hair around the skin and treat To treat, clip hair around the skin and treat

with anti-fungals and iodine. with anti-fungals and iodine. ►YOU CAN CATCH THIS. YOU CAN CATCH THIS.

INTERNAL PARASITESINTERNAL PARASITES►ROUNDWORMS are called Ascarids of ROUNDWORMS are called Ascarids of

dogs. dogs. ►Round and will reach 4-8 inches in length Round and will reach 4-8 inches in length

when mature. when mature. ►Live in the small intestines of dogs less Live in the small intestines of dogs less

that 6 months old.that 6 months old.► Acquire infection by eating eggs, or from Acquire infection by eating eggs, or from

mother to unborn pups. mother to unborn pups. ►Will hatch in the pups stomach and grow Will hatch in the pups stomach and grow

to an adult. to an adult.

RoundwormsRoundworms►Older dogs get an immunity Older dogs get an immunity ►When a male dog is infected, the When a male dog is infected, the

worms have no escape.worms have no escape.►When females become pregnant, they When females become pregnant, they

leave the mother and infect the leave the mother and infect the babies. babies.

Symptoms of RoundwormsSymptoms of Roundworms►There will be no symptoms if there are There will be no symptoms if there are

just a few worms presentjust a few worms present► If there are hundreds, the puppy will If there are hundreds, the puppy will

become “potbellied” become “potbellied” ►Worms will live on the puppies nutrients. Worms will live on the puppies nutrients. ►Puppies should be treated for worms at Puppies should be treated for worms at

2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. ►Should treat all puppies like they have Should treat all puppies like they have

worms. worms.

HookwormsHookworms►Bloodsucking parasitesBloodsucking parasites►About one inch long with a large mouth.About one inch long with a large mouth.►Attaches to the small intestine and eats Attaches to the small intestine and eats

a plug of tissue, causing a bit of a plug of tissue, causing a bit of bleeding.bleeding.

►When more than fifty worms do this, When more than fifty worms do this, the loss of blood is dangerous. the loss of blood is dangerous.

► Infected dogs become ANEMIC. Infected dogs become ANEMIC.

Hookworm SymptomsHookworm Symptoms►Dog’s feces will become very dark (blood). Dog’s feces will become very dark (blood). ►Gums appear whiteGums appear white►Animal will be weak and listless. Animal will be weak and listless. ►Young and adult dogs can get hookworms. Young and adult dogs can get hookworms. ►Dogs can get it by lying in a damp, Dogs can get it by lying in a damp,

infected place or by eating them. infected place or by eating them. ►Treat pups at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. Treat pups at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. ►Treat older dogs once a year. Treat older dogs once a year.

HeartwormsHeartworms►Live in the heart or major artery that Live in the heart or major artery that

carries blood from the heart to the lungs. carries blood from the heart to the lungs. ►Worms are thin and can reach a length of Worms are thin and can reach a length of

6-14 inches. 6-14 inches. ►Cause major damage to organs, starting Cause major damage to organs, starting

with the lungs. with the lungs. ►Heart then becomes enlarged, doesn’t Heart then becomes enlarged, doesn’t

work well. work well. ►Liver and kidneys eventually stop working. Liver and kidneys eventually stop working.

Heartworms SymptomsHeartworms Symptoms►CoughingCoughing►SluggishnessSluggishness►Rapid TiringRapid Tiring►Labored breathingLabored breathing►Signs are easily noticed in hunting and Signs are easily noticed in hunting and

working dogs. working dogs.

Causes of HeartwormsCauses of Heartworms►Transmitted by mosquitoesTransmitted by mosquitoes►A mosquito bites an infected dog, the A mosquito bites an infected dog, the

infection is now in the mosquito, he infection is now in the mosquito, he bites another dog….bites another dog….

►Prevention is better than treatment. Prevention is better than treatment. ►Give your dog a tablet once a month. Give your dog a tablet once a month.