nobel prizes in medicine or physiology related to neuroscience

محمد توکليسمينار سوم درس فيزيولوژي مغز و شناخت – دکتر

غريب زاده 1386زمستان

Camillo Golgi (Italy) and Santiago Ramón y Cajal (Spain)

“in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system”

C. Golgi S. R. Cajal

Albrecht Kossel (Germany)

“in recognition of the contributions to our knowledge of cell chemistry made through his work on proteins,

including the nucleic substances”

A. Kossel

Willem Einthoven (Netherlands)

“for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram”

W. Einthoven

Christiaan Eijkman (Netherlands)

“for his discovery of the antineuritic vitamin”

C. Eijkman

Sir Charles Scott Sherrington (UK) & Edgar Douglas Adrian (UK)

“for their discoveries regarding the functions of neurons”

C. S. Sherrington

E. D. Adrian

Sir Henry Hallett Dale (UK) & Otto Loewi (Germany, Austria, US)

“for their discoveries relating to chemical transmission of nerve impulses”

H. H. Dale O. Loewi

Joseph Erlanger (US) & Herbert Spencer Gasser (US)

“in recognition of their work on the structure of the nervous system”

J. Erlanger H. S. Gasser

Bernardo Alberto Houssay (Argentina)

“for his discovery of the part played by the hormone of the anterior pituitary lobe in the metabolism of sugar”

B. A. Houssay

Carl Ferdinand Cori (Czechoslovakia, US) & Gerty Theresa Cori (Czechoslovakia, US)

“for their discovery of the course of the catalytic conversion of glycogen”

C. F. Cori G. T. Cori

Walter Rudolf Hess (Switzerland)

“for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal

organs”

W. R. Hess

Antonio Caetano De Abreu Freire Egas Moniz (Portugal)

“for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses”

A. C. Moniz

John Franklin Enders (US), Thomas Huckle Weller (US), and Frederick Chapman Robbins (US)

“for their discovery of the ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow in cultures of various types of tissue”

J. F. Enders T. H. Weller F. C. Robbins

Sir John Carew Eccles (Australia), Alan Lloyd Hodgkin (UK) , Andrew Fielding Huxley (UK)

“for their discoveries concerning the ionic mechanisms involved in excitation and inhibition in the peripheral and

central portions of the nerve cell membrane”

J. C. Eccles A. L. Hodgkin

A. F. Huxley

George Wald (US), Ragnar Granit (Finland, Sweden), and Haldan Keffer Hartline (US)

“for their discoveries concerning the primary physiological and chemical visual processes in the eye.”

G. Wald R. Granit H. K. Hartline

Sir Bernard Katz (West Germany, UK), Ulf von Euler (Sweden), Julius Axelrod (United States)

“for their discoveries concerning the humoral transmittors in the nerve terminals and the mechanism for their

storage, release and inactivation”

B. Katz U. von Euler H. J. Axelrod

Karl von Frisch (Austria), Konrad Lorenz (Austria), Nikolaas Tinbergen (Netherlands)

“for their discoveries concerning organization and elicitation of individual and social behaviour patterns”

K. von Frisch K. Lorenz N. Tinbergen

Roger Guillemin (France, US), Andrew Viktor Schally (US)

“for their discoveries concerning the peptide hormone production of the brain”

R. Guillemin A. V. Schally

Rosalyn Yalow (US)

“for the development of radioimmunoassay of peptide hormones”

R. Yalow

Allan M. Cormack (South Africa, US), Godfrey N. Hounsfield (UK)

“for the development of computer assisted tomography”

A. M. Cormack

G. N. Hounsfield

Roger W. Sperry (US)

“for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres”

R. W. Sperry

David H. Hubel (US), Torsten N. Wiesel (Sweden)

“for their discoveries concerning information processing in the visual system”

D. H. Hubel T. N. Wiesel

Erwin Neher (Germany), Bert Sakmann (Germany)

“for their discoveries concerning the function of single ion channels in cells”

E. Neher B. Sakmann

Alfred G. Gilman (US), Martin Rodbell (US)

“for their discovery of G-proteins and the role of these proteins in signal transduction in cells”

A. G. Gilman M. Rodbell

Günter Blobel (Germany, US)

“for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in the cell”

G. Blobel

Arvid Carlsson (Sweden), Paul Greengard (US), Eric R. Kandel (US)

“for their discoveries concerning signal transduction in the nervous system”

A. Carlsson P. Greengard

E. R. Kandel

Paul Lauterbur (US), Sir Peter Mansfield (UK)

“for their discoveries concerning magnetic resonance imaging”

P. Lauterbur P. Mansfield

Richard Axel (US), Linda B. Buck (US)

“for their discoveries of odorant receptors and the organization of the olfactory system”

R. Axel L. B. Buck