neurociência da linguagem · hippocrates (460 bc) galen (129 /200 ac) until the 17th century the...

• Neurociência da linguagem

Aniela Improta França (UFRJ/CNPq)

aniela@gmail.com

Hippocrates (460 bC)

Galen (129 /200 aC)

Until the 17th century

The Galenic era

129 AD – c. 200

Franz Gall

(1758-1828)

Phrenology

Jean-Pierre Flourens

(1794-1867)

The Phineas Gage case

(1823-1860)

Dr. John Harlow

By mid 19th century, researchers resumed localization efforts; When dissecting complex mental tasks into their subcomponents, a

researcher can establish a "dissociation" between functions. This isdone by finding an experimental condition that demonstrates thata lesion to a given brain structure disrupts function A but notfunction B. Such a demonstration allows one to infer that function Aand function B are independent of each other in some way.

129 AD – c. 200

Pierre Broca (1824-1880)

3rd convolution of the frontal lobe

Mr. Leborgne’s brain

129 AD – c. 200

Pierre Broca (1824-1880)

Carl Wernicke (1848-1905)

The connectionist

Scheme

Broca’s area

articulation.Wernicke’s area

language

perception

Arcuate Fasciculus

connecting Wernicke

with Broca.

Begriffe

concepts

The Connectionist Scheme

129 AD – c. 200

Pierre Broca (1824-1880)

Carl Wernicke (1848-1905)

The connectionist

Scheme

Single dissociation Double dissociation Direct electrical

stimulation

Wilder Penfield

(1891-1976)

Córtex Motor Córtex Sensorial

movimento tato, gosto, olfato

During the course of his career, Penfield operated on approximately 400 patients,

and eventually summarized his findings in a 1950 book called The Cerebral Cortex

of Man. The book, which was written with his colleague Theodore Rasmussen,

is a remarkable document of Penfield’s electrical explorations of the human brain.

129 AD – c. 200

Geschwind

(1926-1984)

Double dissociation

Electric Stimulation

Anatomic adequacy

Angela Friederici)

(1952 /

44lobes 4

• Gyrus, gyri: bumps• Sulcus, sulci: depressions• Fissures: deep depressions

that define the lobarboundaries

# Condição 1s 2s 3s 4s 5s1 1CONT (Controle) Joã

o

comprou um livro para mim no mês passado.

2 1OINC (Obj

incogruente) Joã

o

comprou um lixo para mim no mês passado

3 1AGRA ( agramatical) Joã

o

comprou um livro para eu no mês passado

4 2CONT (Controle) Joh

n

bought a book for me last month

5 2OINC (Obj

incogruente) Joh

n

bought a trash for me last month

6 2AGRA ( agramatical) Joh

n

bought a book for I last month

# Condição 1s 2s 3s 4s 5s801 DISTR Maio vestiu-se com a roupa do primo802 DISTR Nós sentimos muito a falta dela803 DISTR Pensamos em ir ao soluço de noite

803 DISTR They think they can shout804 DISTR Everybod

y

here are sleeping well

805 DISTR Let’s talk about this later