nc 5 assignment 3 iodine and selenium
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8/14/2019 NC 5 Assignment 3 Iodine and Selenium
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IodineIodine
What is iodine: a tracemineral, it relatively rareranking #62 inabundance of the
elements of the earth.Not very abundant in theearths crust.
about .3-.5 parts per
million.in the bottom third ofelements in terms ofabundance
Concentrated in thethyroid gland, but foundin other tissues
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FunctionsFunctions
Essential component ofT4 which is the inactiveform of thyroid
hormone whichchanges into T3, TSHregulates iodineuptake.
New research issuggesting that iodinemay kill cancer cells
A lot of interest inusing iodine infibrocystic breastsdisease and breast
cancer.
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Deficiency signsDeficiency signs
Goiter: enlargement ofthyroid gland
Cretenism-mentalretardation, poorgrowth, infertility, andincreased risk of
mortalitly (book 498)
WHO estimates that 1.5billion people in theworld are iodine
deficient (brown21)
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See Brownstein Chapter 5
Factors that contribute toFactors that contribute todepletiondepletion
Bromide, FluorideChloride
All three are halogensand similar inmolecular weight toIodine. They compete
for iodine receptor sitesin the body
Iodine comes from soil,so if you live in acountry not close to the
ocean, the soil may nothave adequate iodine
Inadequate intake ofiodine containing foods
such as seafood and seavegetables
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Toxicity and adverseToxicity and adverseeffectseffects
Iodine toxicity canmanifest in eitherhypo-or hyperthyroid.
Surprisingly canmanifest as goiterwhich is typically
thought of as an iodinedeficiency only.
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Nutrient rich foods sourcesNutrient rich foods sources
Action of waves fromocean creates iodinegas and it enters thefood through soil, air,
or waterSea vegetables, iodizedsalt, ocean foods suchas cod, sea bass,
haddock, and perch,shrimp, sardine.
Iodized salt: Potassiumiodide is added to tablesalt in the Unitedstates. This is a result
of the Great LakesStudy of 1920s.
Animals and milk, both
have iodine added inproduction
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Recommended dosage forRecommended dosage forchildren and adultschildren and adults
RDA=150ug/day
UL of 1,100ug/day
Why the RDA isntgood enoughtheRDA is based upon
studies showing theminimum amount ofiodine needed to avoidgoiter. 150ug may
keep you from gettinggoiter, but may not besufficient for optimalhealth.
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8/14/2019 NC 5 Assignment 3 Iodine and Selenium
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Instructions for takingInstructions for takingsupplementssupplements
Serum and salivarytesting are available
Iodine loading test:Ingest (50mg) andmeasure excretion
Also measureshalogens (fluoride,chloride, bromide)
Balance with VitaminC, magnesium,selenium
Testing resources:Doctors Data
Metametrix Labs
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FunctionsFunctions
Protect cells from freeradical damage
Enables T3 thyroid
hormone production/conversion
Aid with decreasingjoint inflammation
Selenium is one of only2 minerals that acts asan antioxidant
Some studies supportits use for neutralizingmercury in the body
Some studies supportselenium as cancerpreventive
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Deficiency and DepletionDeficiency and Depletion
Painful or weakmuscles
Discoloration of skin or
nailsWhitening onfingernail beds
Heart and jointproblems are thoughtto be associated with
deficiency, but theliterature iscontroversial
Some studies show
selenium deficiency inCrohns disease
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ToxicityToxicity
Upper Limit (UL) set at400mcg for adults
Toxicity symptoms:
nausea, vomiting, hairloss, skin lesions.Abnormalities offingernail beds and loss
of fingernails
Animal studies showno toxicity at 1000-2000mcg according to
Dr. Lierberman
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Nutrient Rich Food SourcesNutrient Rich Food Sources
Nuts-Brazil
Seafoodcod, shrimp,tuna, salmon
Meatcalf liverWhole grains
Mushrooms
All food sources aredependent on the soilor diet for high
selenium content
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RDA and SupplementationRDA and Supplementation
Upper Limit (UL)400mcg
70mcg
ODI: 100-400mcgSONA: 250women/250 men
Because Selenium is anantioxidant, your bodymay need more or less
depending on freeradicalexposure/damage
SpectraCell FIA testing
available for a fullcellular vitaminanalysis
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Bibliography/AdditionalBibliography/AdditionalResourcesResources
Brownstein, D. IodineWhy You Need It WhyYou Cant Live
Without It 4
th
ed. 2009.McGuire M, BeermanK. Nutritional Sciences:From Fundamentals to
Food. 495-500.
Lierberman, Shari. TheReal Vitamin andMineral Book. 2007
234-240, 241-244.
Mateljan, G. TheWorlds Healthiest
Foods. 2007 760-761,780-781.
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