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National Practice Leader Emergency Response Planning
NFPA 1600: The National Preparedness Standard
July 6th, 2005
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9/11 Commission Adoption of NFPA 1600 as “The National Preparedness Standard”
“…the ‘first’ first responders will almost certainly be civilians.”
“As we examined the emergency response to 9/11, witness after witness told us that despite 9/11, the private sector remains largely unprepared for a terrorist attack.”
“We were also advised that the lack of a widely embraced private-sector preparedness standard was a principal contributing factor to this lack of preparedness.”
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9/11 Commission’s Recommendation
“We endorse the American National Standards Institute’s recommended standard for private preparedness. We were encouraged by Secretary Tom Ridge’s praise of the standard, and urge the Department of
Homeland Security to promote its adoption. We also encourage the insurance and credit-rating industries to look closely at a company’s compliance with the ANSI standard in assessing its insurability and creditworthiness. We believe
that compliance with the standard should define the standard of care owed by a company to its employees and the public for legal purposes. Private-sector preparedness is not a luxury; it is a cost of doing business in the post-9/11 world. It is ignored at a tremendous potential cost in lives, money, and national security.”
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National Intelligence Reform ActSection 7305 Private Sector Preparedness
(a) Consistent with the report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States, Congress makes the following findings:
(1) Private sector organizations own 85 percent of the Nation’s critical infrastructure and employ the vast majority of the Nation’s workers.
(2) Preparedness in the private sector and public sector for rescue, restart and recovery of operations should include, as appropriate—
(A) a plan for evacuation; (B) adequate communications capabilities; and (C) a plan for continuity of operations.
(3) The American National Standards Institute recommends a voluntary national preparedness standard for the private sector based on the existing American National Standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs (NFPA 1600), with appropriate modifications. This standard establishes a common set of criteria and terminology for preparedness, disaster management, emergency management, and business continuity programs.
(4) The mandate of the Department of Homeland Security extends to working with the private sector, as well as government entities.
(b) SENSE OF CONGRESS ON PRIVATE SECTOR PREPAREDNESS.— It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Homeland Security should promote, where appropriate, the adoption of voluntary national preparedness standards such as the private sector preparedness standard developed by the American National Standards Institute and based on the National Fire Protection Association 1600 Standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs.
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Document History
1991 Technical Committee on Disaster Management formed
1995 Recommended Practice for Disaster Management
2000 Standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs
2004 Latest Edition
2007 Next Edition
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What is NFPA 1600?
It’s not a “how-to” guide
Does not prescribe a development process
Specifies the necessary elements and management of a program for effective emergency management and business continuity
Mandatory requirements are spelled out in only 3 pages!
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Chapter 1 Purpose and Scope
1.1 Scope. common set of criteria for disaster management, emergency management, and business continuity programs
1.2 Purpose. provide … the criteria to assess current programs or to develop, implement, and maintain a program to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from disasters and emergencies.
1.3 Application. apply to both public and private programs. [Not legally enforceable unless adopted by a political jurisdiction]
Chapter 2 is reserved Chapter 3 is definitions
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Chapter 4 “Program Management”
4.1 Program Administration– Policy, goals and
objectives– Management plan and
procedures– Applicable authorities,
legislation, regulations, and/or industry codes of practice
4.2 Program Coordinator
4.3 Advisory Committee
4.4 Program Assessment
Internal Participants
Management
Human Resources
Public Relations
Risk Management
Facilities/Engineering
Medical
Legal
EHS
Regulatory Affairs
Operations
Security
Other Management
Crisis Management Team
Business Recovery Team
Outside Agencies and Resources
Police, Fire, Medical, Hazmat, Emergency Mgt.,
Public Works
Contractors and Vendors
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.1 Elements determined by hazards and impact
5.2 Laws and authorities—compliance over time
5.3 Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment– Identify hazards– Likelihood of occurrence– Assess vulnerability of people,
property, environment– Natural and human-caused
5.4 Mitigation strategy
People Assets Operations Environment
Medical Emergencies
Injury 3 3 9Illness 3 3 9Foodborne Illnesses (mass) 2 2 4Fire or Explosion
Explosion 1 3 3 3 1 3Fire 2 2 2 3 1 6Bomb Explosion 1 3 3 3 0 3Rescue
Confined Space 1 3 0 0 3High Angle 0 0 0 0 0Technical Rescue (entrapment) 0 0 0 0 0Hazardous Materials
Hazardous Material spill/release 1 0Radiological accident 0 0 0 0 0 0Hazmat Incident off-site 1 1 1 0 0 1Transportation Accidents 1 1 1 0 0 1Nuclear Power Plant Incident 0 0 0 0 0Natural Gas Leak 1 3 3 3 0 3Meteorological
Flooding 0 0 0 0 0 0Dam/Levee Failure 0 0 0 0 0 0Severe Thunderstorm 2 1 1 1 0 2Tornado 1 3 3 3 1 3Windstorm 2 1 1 1 0 2Hurricanes & Tropical Storms 1 2 2 2 1 2Winter Storm (snow/Ice) 2 1 1 2 0 4Tsunami 0 0 0 0 0 0Geological
Earthquake 1 1 2 2 1 2
Probability of Occurrence
Severity of Consequences Hazard Index
Threat, Hazard, or Peril
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.5 Resource management
– Hazard or event specific
– Personnel, equipment, facilities, training, funding, knowledge, time frame
– Quantity, response time, capability
– GAP analysis
5.6 Mutual Aid
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.7 Planning– Strategic (vision, mission,
goals and objectives)
– Emergency Operations/Response
– Mitigation (interim and long-term)
– Continuity of Operations (short-term and long-term)
– Recovery
C r i s i s M a n a g e m e n t
S ite
D ivis ion
C orporate
E m e r g e n c yR e s p o n s e
B u s i n e s sC o n t i n u i t y
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.8 Direction, Control, and Coordination– Capability to direct, control, and coordinate– Incident management system– Roles and responsibilities for each function– Policies and procedures for effective coordination with appropriate
authoritiesINCIDENT
COMMANDER
OPERATIONS PLANNINGFINANCE/
ADMINISTRATIONLOGISTICS
PUBLIC INFORMATION
SAFETY LIAISON
5.9 Communications and Warning– Alerting officials, ERT, those affected– Develop, test protocols, processes, procedures– Ensure interoperability
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.10 Operations and Procedures– SOP’s for credible hazards– Incident stabilization and
property conservation– Safety and Health– Situation analysis including
damage assessment– Succession of management
5.11 Logistics and Facilities– Logistical capabilities– Primary and alternate
emergency operations center
Threat or incident assessment Notification of public emergency services Alerting building occupants Evacuation or sheltering of occupants Supervision or control of building utility systems
(HVAC, life safety and fire protection) Provision of first aid Security of buildings and grounds Rescue of trapped occupants Firefighting (if trained)
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements” Training & Exercises
5.12 Training– ALL employees– Emergency organization
5.13 Exercises, Evaluations and Corrective Action– Drills and Exercises
Functional drills (e.g., evacuations and sheltering)
Tabletop exercises Larger scale exercises
– Evaluations– Corrective Action Process
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Chapter 5 “Program Elements”
5.14 Crisis Communications and Public Information– Dissemination of information to
stakeholders Employees Families Stakeholders Government/Regulators News Media
– Pre-disaster and post-disaster– Awareness program
Human Impact
5.15 Finance and Administration
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Future Directions
Next revision cycle – 2007(3 year cycle)
Task Group on Future Alternative Development
ISO 223 Technical Advisory Group
Your opportunity to provide input
Download a free copy of NFPA 1600:http://www.nfpa.org/
Questions and Answers
Marsh USA, Inc.200 Clarendon StreetBoston, MA 02116
Optional Back Cover – White background
The information contained in this presentation provides only a general overview of subjects covered, is not intended to be taken as advice regarding any individual situation and should not be relied upon as such.
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