naming #5 naming molecular compounds. which comes first? the more positive of the 2 elements comes...

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NAMING THE ELEMENTS The more positive element is called by its name. The more negative element is called by part of its name and the ending ide. These are the same names as the anions of the elements have. e.g. oxide, sulfide, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitride, hydride, selenide

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NAMING #5Naming Molecular Compounds

WHICH COMES FIRST?

 The more positive of the 2 elements comes first.  The more positive element is the one that is further to 

the left and down on the periodic table.  (i.e., the less

______________________ one comes first 

NAMING THE ELEMENTS 

The more positive element is called by its name. 

The more negative element is called by part of its name and the ending ide.  These are the same names as the anions of the elements 

have. 

e.g. oxide, sulfide, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitride, hydride, selenide

 

If you are asked to write the name for this ionic compound- Al2S3  - you just say

___________________________________You do not need to say di or tri, because 

aluminum in a compound is always _____, and 

sulfur in an ionic compound is always ______, so 

they must exist in a __________ ratio.

However, in molecular compounds, the elements mostly don’t form 

________________ charges, because the 

electrons are_______________, not lost or gained.

Example:What is the formula for phosphorous

chloride? The answer is:

__________________________________

There are 2 different compounds formed from phosphorous and chlorine. They are

PREFIXES MUST BE USED You can not tell how many atoms of each element there is in a molecular compound (as you can by using the charges in ionic compounds).  Therefore, you must put prefixes in the name to designate how many atoms of each element there is.

PCl3 = phosphorous trichloride  PCl5 = phosphorous pentachloride 

PREFIXES YOU MUST KNOWmono  one    pentafivedi  two   hexa sixtri  three      hepta seventetra  four 

  

   

IMPORTANT RULE:

The first element only has a prefix if there are more than one of those atoms.

The second element always has a prefix.

EXAMPLES – formulas to names

 SF6  

 CO2     

N2O4          

     

EXAMPLES – Name to formulas

sulfur trioxide 

nitrogen trihydride

diphosphorous pentasulfide

PRACTICE – Fill in the blanks

CCl4      ____________________________

Se3F7     ____________________________

SiS2       ____________________________

______________        carbon dioxide

______________       silicon tetrabromide

_______________       trinitrogen hexachloride

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