mycotic infections

MYCOTIC INFECTIONSSubmitted by

NILIMA T.S.

NORTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSISCaused by Blastomyces dermatiditis.

CLINICAL FEATURES-Tiny miliary abscess or pustules.-crateriform lesions.-Fever.-weight loss.-productive cough.

NORTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSIS

NORTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSIS-DOUBLY REFRACTILE CAPSULE

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ORAL MANIFESTATIONTiny ulcer.Abscess formation.

HISTOLOGIC FEATURESInflamed connective tissue.Giant cells and macrophages.Round organism with doubly refractile

capsule.Microabscess.

SOUTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSISCaused by Blastomyces brasiliensis.Fungus varies 10um to60um in diameter and

is larger than that of north american blastomycosis.

SOUTH AMERICAN BLASTOMYCOSIS

HISTOPLASMOSISAlso called Darling’s disease.Caused by Histoplasma capsulatum.CLINICAL FEATURESLow grade fever.Splenomegaly.Hepatomegaly.Lymphadenopathy.

HISTOPLASMOSIS

ORAL MANIFESTATIONNodular,ulcerative or vegetative lesions.Ulcerated areas covered by nonspecific gray

membrane.Common on buccal

mucosa,gingiva,tongue,palate or lips.

HISTOLOGIC FEATURESOrganism appear as tiny intracellular

structures measuring a little more than 1um in diameter.

TREATMENT:Amphotericin B

HISTOPLASMOSIS

CANDIDIASISCaused by Candida albicans . CLASSIFICATION:Primary Candidiasis:Acute forms-Psuedomembranous-Erythematous

Chronic forms-Hyperplstic Nodular Plaque-like-Erythematous-PsuedomembranousCandida associated lesions-Denture stomatitis

-Angular cheilitis-Mediam rhomboid glossitisKeratinized primary lesions super infected

with Candida-Leukoplakia-Lichen planus-Lupus erythematosusSECONDARY ORAL CANDIDIASIS

ATROPHIC CANDIDIASIS

ERYTHEMATOUS CANDIDIASIS

HYPERPLASTIC CANDIDIASIS

TREATMENTNystatinClotrimazoleAmphotericin BMiconazole

PHYCOMYCOSISAlso called as Mucormycosis,Zygomycosis.Caused by Mucorales and Entomophthorales.CLINICAL FEATURES2 main types-Superficial -VisceralVisceral-Pulmonary -Gastrointestinal -Rhinocerebral

ZYGOMYCOSIS

HISTOLOGIC FEATURES Organisms appear large,nonseptate hyphae

with branching at obtuse angles.Round or ovoid sporangia.

TREATMENTControl of predisposing factors.Surgical excisionAmphotericin B

ZYGOMYCOSIS

RHINOSPORIDIOSISCaused by Rhinosporidium seeberi.CLINICAL FEATURESMucoid discharge.Soft polypoid growth spreading to pharynx

and larynx.Lesions are vascular.

HISTOLOGIC FEATURESSporangia containing large number of round

or ovoid endospores,each 5-7um in diameter.Focal abscess formation and multinucleated

giant cells.

TREATMENTSurgical removal.

COCCIDIODOMYCOSISCaused by Coccidiodes immitis.

CLINICAL FEATURES2 forms-Primary nondisseminated and

Progressive disseminated.

ORAL MANIFESTATIONProliferative granulomatous and ulcerated lesions.Lytic lesions of jaw.

HISTOLOGIC FEATURES

Foci of coagulation necrosis.Endospores within large spherules.

TREATMENTAmphotericin B

CRYPTOCOCCOSISAlso called as Tolurosis ,European

blastomycosis.Caused by cryptococcus neoformans.CLINICAL FEATURESMultiple brown papules.Occurs in patients with malignant lymphoma.

ORAL MANIFESTATIONSNon specific single or multiple ulcers.

HISTOLOGIC FEATURES

Gram positive, budding,yeast-like cell with thick gelatinous capsule.

Measures 5-20um with a clear halo.

TREATMENTAmphotericin B

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