muscles items to note: quiz #2 opens today and is available until monday 4/23 markus hartel · new...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Muscles
Items to note:
• Quiz #2 opens today and is available until Monday 4/23
Markus Hartel · New York street photography
Leonardo Di Vinci
1. Name the 3 layers of connective tissue that wrap around skeletal muscles.
2. Which one(s) is (are) continuous with a tendon?
3. Botox (botulinum toxin) works by blocking the release of ACh at the neuromuscular junction. How does this help with:
• crossed eyes• uncontrolled blinking • pesky forehead wrinkles
To do today and Wednesday
• how muscles work – in general• muscles that move the mandible• abdominal wall muscles
• anterior and posterior• inferior and superior• inguinal hernia’s
• muscles that move the humerus and scapula• rotator cuff tears, impingement syndrome
• muscles that move the femur• sprains, strains and “Charley horse”
• muscles that move the foot• shin splints, anterior compartment syndrome• Achilles tendon injuries
Extending your knee
• Extend your knee a few times
• Where are the muscles located that extend your knee?
• What is their fiber direction?
• Which joint do they cross?
• When you extend you knee, where are the antagonist muscles located?
How muscles work in general
Quadriceps = agonists Hamstrings = antagonists
Mandibular fossa
1. Depress & elevate2. Medial & lateral excursion3. Protraction & retraction
Moving the mandible
Temporalis
Masseter
• attachments• actions
Muscles that move the mandible
Medial pterygoid Lateral pterygoid
• attachments• actions
Depress mandible• gravity• digastric muscle• geniohyoid muscle
• when hyoid is fixed
Rectus abdominus
External oblique
Those flashy “core” muscles
OverdevelopedPectoralis major
Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transversus abdominis
• Attachments• Actions
Muscles that move (and protect) the abdomen
AB
C
D Rectus sheath(aponeurosis)
Linea alba
Abdominal wall
• abdominal muscles• back muscles• diaphragm• pelvic diaphragm
• “holes” in the wall
Spermatic cord
Inguinal canal – men & womenintestines
Parietal peritoneum
scrotum
1.Location of shoulder muscles2.Which joints do these muscles cross?
Muscle that move the humerus and scapula
3. What is the fiber direction of these muscles?4. What movements do these muscle perform?
• attachments• actions
Deltoid
• attachments• actions
subscapularis
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
Teres minor
4 Rotator cuff muscles
• attachments• actions
• attachments• actions
Scapula movers
Levator scapulae
rhomboids
trapezius
Impingement syndrome
Rotator cuff tears
1. Location of hip and thigh muscles2. Which joints do these muscles cross?
Muscles that move the femur
3. What is the fiber direction of these muscles?4. What kind of movements do these muscle perform?
iliopsoas
adductors
• attachments• actions
TensorFasciaeLatae (TFL)
Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralisvastus intermediusVastus medialis
• attachments• actions• Charley horse
Patellar tendon
Iliotibial Band (IT band)
G. MaximusTensor Fasciae Latae
• attachments• actions
G. minimus
piriformis
G. Medius
G. Maximus
• attachments• actions
• attachments• actions
Anterior
Posterior
Achilles tendon
calcaneus
gastrocnemius
Attachments of the gastrocnemiusAttachments of the soleus
Actions of the gastrocnemius1. Flex the knee2. Plantarflex the foot
Actions of the soleus1. Plantarflex the foot
Ruptured Achilles tendonPulled calf muscle
Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis anterior Attachments
Actions1. Dorsiflex ankle2. Invert foot3. Support arch
Shin splints
Anterior compartment syndrome
TA
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