materi kuliah audit: - auditing i

Review

Auditing I

The Demand for Auditand Assurance

Services Chapter 1

Assurance, Attestation, and Nonassurance Services

ASSURANCE SERVICES

Other Attestation Services(e.g., WebTrust, SysTrust)

Other Assurance Services(e.g., CPA Performance View)

CertainManagementConsulting

ATTESTATION SERVICES

Audits Reviews

Assurance, Attestation, and Nonassurance Services

NONASSURANCE SERVICES

Other ManagementConsulting

TaxServices

CertainManagementConsulting

Accounting andBookkeeping

Nature of Auditing

Auditing adalah akumulasi dan proses evaluasi bukti informasi untuk menentukan dan melaporkan tingkat korespondensi antara informasi dan kriteria yang dibangun.

Auditing harus dilakukan oleh orang yang memiliki independensi

dan kompetensi yang tinggi.

Tipe-tipe Audit

Financial Statement Audit

Operational Audit

Efficiency Effectiveness

Compliance Audit

The CPA Profession

Chapter 2

ManagementConsulting

Services

TaxServices

Accountingand

BookkeepingServices

Activities of CPA Firms

Relationships

Quality controlstandards

Generally acceptedauditing standards

Division ofCPA firms

Peerreview

AuditReports

Chapter 3

Bagian dari Laporan Audit Bentuk Baku (Unqualified)

1. Report title

2. Audit report address

3. Introductory paragraph

4. Scope paragraph

5. Opinion paragraph

6. Name of CPA firm

7. Audit report date

Four Categoriesof Audit Reports

Standard unqualified

Unqualified withexplanatory paragraphor modified wording

Qualified

Adverse or disclaimer

Jumlah Paragraf dalam Laporan Audit

Standard 3Unqualified with explanatory paragraph 4Unqualified shared report with other auditors 3Qualified – opinion only 4Qualified – scope and opinion 4Disclaimer – scope limitation 3Adverse 4

Professional Ethics

Chapter 4

Contoh 6 Prinsip Etika

Trustworthiness

Respect

Fairness

Responsibility

Caring

Citizenship

Resolving Ethical Dilemmas

1. Dapatkan dan kumpulkan fakta yang relevan

2. Identifikasi isu-isu etika dari fakta

3.Tentukan siapa yang terkena dampaknya.

Resolving Ethical Dilemmas

4. Identifikasi alternatif yang tersedia.

5. Identifikasi konsekuensiyang mungkin diterima

6.Pilihlah tindakan yang sesuai.

Legal Liability

Chapter 5

Business Failure, AuditFailure, and Audit Risk

BusinessFailure

AuditFailure

AuditRisk

Business Failure, AuditFailure, and Audit Risk

Business failure

Hal ini terjadi disebabkan karenapeminjam tidak dapat mengembalikanuang pinjamannya dan karena risikolainnya seperti krisis ekonomi

Business Failure, AuditFailure, and Audit Risk

Audit failure

Gagal menerapkan GAAS

Business Failure, AuditFailure, and Audit Risk

Audit risk

Risiko yang akan dan selalu dihadapioleh auditor dalam menjalankan auditnya.

Federalsecurities laws

Third party

Client

Major Sources ofAuditor’s Legal Liability

Criminalliability

Audit Responsibilitiesand Objectives

Chapter 6

Objective of Conducting an Audit of Financial Statements

The primary objective of the auditis to express an opinion on the

financial statements.(Pernyataan opini atas laporan keuangan)

Auditor’s Responsibilities

Kesalahan Penyajian Material vs Non-M

Tingkat keyakinan yang memadai

Errors versus fraud

Skeptisme Profesional (Kritis)

Relationships Among Transaction Cycles

Generalcash

Capital acquisitionand repayment cycle

Sales andcollection

cycle

Acquisitionand payment

cycle

Payroll andpersonnel

cycle

Inventory andwarehousing

cycle

Four Phases of an Audit

Phase I

Phase II

Phase III

Phase IV

Plan and designan audit approach.

Perform tests ofcontrols and

substantive testsof transactions.

Perform analyticalprocedures andtests of detailsof balances.

Complete theaudit and issuean audit report.

Bukti Audit

Chapter 7

Audit Evidence Decisions

1. Prosedur audit yang mana yang digunakan

2. Apa ukuran sampel yang mendasarinya

3. Item-item mana saja yang akan dipilih

4. Kapan melakukan prosedur itu

Types of Audit Evidence

1. Physical examination

3. Documentation

5. Inquiries of the client

6. Reperformance

2. Confirmation

4. Observation

7. Analytical procedures

Types of Supporting Schedules

AnalysisTrial balance

Reconciliation of amountsTests of reasonablenessSummary of procedures

Examination of supporting documentsInformational

Outside documentation

The End of This Review