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© 2017 Wipro wipro.com confidential 1
Lifecycle and Whole
Systems Thinking in
Sustainability
Narayan P.S.
Vice President and Head – Sustainability and Social Initiatives
June 2017
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Cradle to Cradle, Circular Economy…a Recap
Agenda and Talking Points
Whole Systems Thinking and C2C in Services
Some Examples
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Cradle to Cradle and Circular Models
Some First Principles
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The principles of Cradle to Cradle Design
1. Less Bad is No Good
• Recycling of aluminum cans : Expensive, Toxic and Wasteful…what’s the better alternative ?
2. Eco-efficiency Vs Eco-effectiveness
• Efficiency is static and limiting , Effectiveness is abundant and dynamic
• Buildings that seal windows, reduce sunlight, need constant monitoring Vs Buildings that let in
sunlight and fresh air and are spatially vibrant
3. Waste equals food
• Carpets that upcycle waste continuously (Technical nutrient)
• Swiss textile mill Rohner eliminate 80000 toxic chemicals and replace with just 38 positive
chemicals. At end-of-life, cloth can be ‘thrown’ back into soil to biodegrade naturally
4. Respect diversity
• Eschew the ‘One size fits all’ principle in design
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The principles of a circular economy
1. An Industrial system that is restorative and regenerative by design – from Open Loop to Closed Loop
2. Design ‘out’ Waste – transition from Disposal Downcycling Upcycling
3. Design ‘consumables’ for bio-cycling and ‘durables’ for ‘upcycling’
4. Extend the life of a product through the inner, cascaded and pure circles. Key design principles include Standardization and Modularization, Toxics-Free and Design for Easy Disassembly
5. Innovative business models e.g. from Ownership to Leasing
6. Establish ecosystems for reverse cycles and cascades
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Environmental Footprint primarily from Buildings and Facilities ; Energy and GHG
Emissions biggest contributors
Services Industry : Salient Characteristics
Typically located in high density urban centers translating into predominance of
vertical structures. This has its pros and cons
High density of waste generation 4
Water is often transported from source over long distances with an
accompanying energy footprint. Given that it has competing uses, water scarcity
is a high risk factor. Efficiency is not the only factor to be considered therefore
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Less Bad is No Good
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Less Bad is No Good
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Infosys Hyderabad Campus: Integrative Design
• Site Planning : Existing trees preserved and
new native trees planted
• Top soil preserved and reused during
construction phase
• Passive architecture design: Building’s axis in
E-W direction
• Natural ventilation induced
• More than 75% of the work areas are daylit
• Use of low-energy materials for interiors and
furniture / Use of ceramic tiles and carpets with
recycled content / Use of
• Radian Cooling technology in combination with other design interventions resulting in overall EPI
of 51 units per sq Mxisting trees preserved and new native trees planted
• 78% water recycled and overall 56% reduction in freshwater consumption
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It must start with construction design and practice
Initiative Optimization/Result (as compared to existing facility)
1. Pre-engineered to Build
• Steel: From 6.45 kg/Sq. ft. reduced to 5.8 kg/sq. ft.
• Accurate Estimates (within 2-3% accuracy) provides procurement optimization lever
2. Modular/ Pre-constructed
workspace / 50% Manufactured
offsite
• Fit out time reduced / onsite work reduced; Flexibility
• Use of precast and prefabricated components can save 10% time of construction
• Use of modular interior partitions can improve quality and efficiency
• Flexibility in case of remodelling/renovation
3. Integrated Design
• Increased use of semi air conditioned space; Airconditioned space reduced to 60%
• Reduction in overall demand from 0.5KVA/ person to 0.43 KVA/ person
• Overall Energy from 95 kWh/SM/yr. to 65 kWh/SM/yr –
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Embodied Energy in building materials
The total energy consumed in designing, extracting, making, warehousing and transporting a product unit across its value chain
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Wastage While Removing And Choking of Pipeline
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Wastage during pump washing
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Sedimentation tank cleaning & collection of hardened concrete
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Solid Blocks
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Looking closely at wastage of concrete
• Due to Jam during discharge from mixer drum – less Quantity of water and
Admixture discharge
• Transit mixer Hood not cleaned. Narrow size of Hood
• Multiple time of cleaning/washing of Transit mixers
• Remaining concrete at end of the pour in pipe line & Hopper – Quantity is
depending upon length of the pipe line
• Choking of pipe line due to breakdown
• Remaining concrete after ball passing
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Eco Effectiveness Vs Eco Efficiency
Initiative Description Action/ Benefits
Integrated
Design
47% of the workspace can be comfort
cooled using natural ventilation, dry mist
systems, and fans
• 80,000 square feet of outdoor spaces to be
comfort cooled
• Energy to ensure comfort cooling in the outdoor is
~60% lower than that required for an equivalent air
conditioned space.
• Pilot showed n a drop in the ambient temperature
by 5 deg. C.
Rotary UPS
UPS system, which relies on mechanical
components to store energy, eliminating the
need for batteries; we currently use around
30,000 batteries across various campuses
in India alone.
• Cooling reduction of 35 units per hour
• Payback period of 4 years
Energy Efficiency + Effectiveness
Initiative Description Action/ Benefits
Hartman
Loop
Efficient plant room operation through optimal
sequencing of various equipment (including chiller,
pumps, cooling tower) to optimize the overall
performance of such systems. This method, invented
by Thomas Hartman, is patented in the United States.
• Enhance system efficiency by 10%
EC Fans
Replacement of 369 conventional motors, in Air
Handling Units (AHU) with more efficient Electronically
Commutated (EC) motors with intelligent
programmable sensors
Pilot showed energy reduction of 30% and pay
back of 2.5 years; actual implementation in 18
AHUs shows higher saving at 47%.
Magnetic
levitation
Chillers
These chillers use magnetically levitated compressors,
eliminating friction losses
• 10% improvement in efficiency as compared
with variable speed centrifugal compressors.
• Water cooled and Oil free
Energy Efficiency + Effectiveness
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Water Efficiency: a good story….. but not the whole story
Liters Per Employee Per month
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
15721460
13601295
1119
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
2015-16
2016-17
8% compounded improvement in water
efficiency
More than 800 million liters of water
saved over five years
38% recycling at an aggregate level ;
more than 50% in the recent facilities
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Wipro’s integrated approach
Within the
Fence:
Outside the
Fence
An integrated perspective on water
risk and security
1.Reduce
Freshwater use
( Efficiency +
Reuse)
2. Enhance
rainwater
harvesting
1. Groundwater
science led
assessment
2. Decentralized
governance
models
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Water across boundaries
Responsible Water: Evolve a framework for assessing and managing ground water risks in Sarjapur,
Bangalore – through a combination of hydrological aquifer mapping, citizen centric data monitoring and
collective governance
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Biodiversity and the Abundance Principle
Images from Wipro’s campus biodiversity projects
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Waste is Food
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In-Situ Recycling
Waste Management:Bin Introduced : Introduced color coded bin system for moving waste
from work space & other common areas
Reduce Reuse Recycle : Chemical Cans , Mil covers , Water bottles used for plant propagation
Paper Pulping Plant : Office Paper collected fed into pulping plant converted toc ales & are sent to ITC in exchange of recycled note pads Around 200kgs of papers are processed in-house.
Milk Covers Plastic Bottles Chemical Cans Bottles used for
vertical garden
Office paper
collected
Pulping Plant
Paper CakesNote Pads
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Paper Recycling Plant
Note PadsPaper pulpPrinted/Waste Paper Paper plant
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Food Waste to Energy – BioGas Plant
50 m3 Biogas digester with technical support from the Nuclear Agriculture and Bio-technology Division (NA&BD) of BARC (Bhabha Atomic research Centre).
BARC developed Nisargaruna technology’ which offers a “Zero effluent” method for management of Canteen food waste . This system not only helped in safe disposal of waste and minimized transportation cost but also partly replaced the LPG gas used for cooking in the canteen.
Bio gas digester is
➢ Intelligence embedded biogas plant
➢ Designed for highest safety and clean disposal of waste
➢ Twin Digester System for highest yield
➢ Engineered for low maintenance
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Food Waste to Energy – BioGas Plant
Designed Capacity
3.0 Tons/day
Capacity break-up
➢ 1.5 Tons ( Food Waste)
➢ 12 Cubic Mtr/Day STP sludge
➢ 0.3 Tons/day- buffer
• Bio Gas Yield
➢ 160-180 Cu. Mtr/Day or Approx 4 LPG
commercial Cylinders
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Patagonia’s example…..now followed by others
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Respect Diversity
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Looking differentlThe 4th R
Looking differently at Waste : The 4th R
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ITC Green Hotels : Design for PwD
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ITC Green Hotels : Design for PwD
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ITC Green Hotels : Design for PwD
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ITC Green Hotels : Design for PwD
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Circular Principles in Health Care Industry
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• Lifecycle and Circular Models empower us by expanding our horizons to look at new possibilities which would have been hidden otherwise
• Integrative, Whole-systems approaches challenge us to look a wide web of interlinkages between energy, water, waste, materials and biodiversity. Linear, engineering-led approaches do not work
• “The real voyage of discovery consists not in seeking new landscapes, but in having new eyes” Marcel Proust
Sustainability is about new ways of seeing
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Thank You
Narayan P S
Vice President and Head : Sustainability and Social Initiatives
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