lbc presentation may 7, 2011(comp04)

Jonard A. Nollido

Structured Cabling System (SCS)

Seminar

Jonard A. Nollido

Jonard A. Nollido

Technical TrainerStructured Cabling

Network Testing

Jonard A. Nollido

Agenda:

1. Overview of Structured Cabling System

2. Horizontal Subsystem Design

a. Components and types

b. Sample Design

3. Cabling Installation and Practical Applications

a. SCS Subsystem

b. Transmission Line Diagram

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IMAGINE LIFE

WITHOUT

STRUCTURED

CABLING

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of

Network Problem

Source: BICSI Magazine, issue 1999

CABLING

RELATED !

Gasoline

plssss!!!

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Software

PC

LAN

CablingCost

Life

Years

Complete IT System

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Although cabling represents only 5% of the total network

investment,

A Structured cabling systems will outlive most network

components.

LAN Equipment

7%Cabling 5%

Intelligent Workstation

34%

Software 54%

Network Investment

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- A set of cabling and connectivity products

that integrates the voice, data, video, and

various management system of a building

(such as safety alarms, security access,

energy system, etc.)

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Telecomms

Office Automation

BuildingAutomation

Structured Cabling System

Intelligent Building SystemsBAS

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NOInstallation

Testing

Planning

Design

Pass

Documentation

YES

SCS Block Diagram

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Subsystem Architecture

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WORK AREA SUBSYSTEM

Work Area

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HORIZONTAL SUBSYSTEM

Horizontal

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RISER BACKBONE SUBSYSTEM

Riser Backbone

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ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM

Administration

Administration

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EQUIPMENT SUBSYSTEM

Equipment

Subsystem

MDF

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CAMPUS SUBSYSTEM

Campus Backbone

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Transmission Line

Diagram

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1 Gigabit Switch Jack Panel(Category 6 rated)

Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)

Patch Cord(Category 3 rated)

Telecom Outlet(Category 6 rated)

Server

Category 6 UTP (1 Gigabit LAN Card)

10 Mbps performance

Category 6 maximum performance = 1,000 Mbps

Category 3 maximum performance = 10 Mbps

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CAT 5e CAT 6CAT 6A

(10G cable)

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D1 D2

D1 D2= = Diameter

Conditions:

@ frequency 1 = 10,000 bits per second

@ frequency 2 = 1,000,000 bits per second

frequency 1 >>>> frequency 2

-e (electron)

Solutions:

1) Coat the conductor with

Ag (silver)

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Can and marble analogy

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D1 D2

D1 D2= = Diameter

Conditions:

@ frequency 1 = 10,000 bits per second

@ frequency 2 = 1,000,000 bits per second

frequency 1 >>>> frequency 2

-e (electron)

Solutions:

1) Coat the conductor with

Ag (silver)

2) Increase conductor size

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1 Gigabit Switch

Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)

Jack Panel(Category 6 rated)

Category 6 UTP Telecom Outlet(Category 6 rated)

Patch Cord(Category 6 rated)

Server

(1 Gigabit LAN Card)

1,000 Mbps performance

Category 6 maximum performance = 1,000 Mbps

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Agenda:

1. Overview of Structured Cabling System

2. Horizontal Subsystem Design

a. Components and types

b. Sample Design

3. Cabling Installation and Practical Applications

a. SCS Subsystem

b. Transmission Line Diagram

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Horizontal Subsystem Design

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• Know components in the Horizontal

• Understand both standards based horizontal design

and requirements

• Determine the number of work areas for an office

building

• Determine the number and types of TO’s for an office

building using a set of building prints

• Determine the types and lengths of cable for each

distribution zone

• Order the cable and other material for the horizontal

subsystem

Objectives

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• The horizontal may consists of Copper, Fiber or both

• The (HC) FD to TO distance for copper is typically limited to 90m

• CAT5E or above cable with the Modular Jack at the TO is recommended by standards

• Fiber to the Desk (FTTD) is an option

• The Horizontal design may be ‘Home-Run’ or ‘Zone’ design

Factors to consider

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• Horizontal Cable and Connecting Hardware also call "horizontal cabling".

• Horizontal Cabling provide the means for transporting telecommunications

signals between the TO in the WA and the FD/HC in the TR/TC. These

components are the "contents" of the horizontal pathways and spaces.

• The term “horizontal” is used since this portion cabling system cable runs

horizontally along the floor(s) or ceiling(s) of a building.

Horizontal Cabling

Terminal

EquipmentHorizontal Cabling

Subsystem

(90 meter)

Work

Area

Cabling

FD/HC CP TO

Horizontal Cabling System

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CP

TP

Minimum: Cat 5e

Optional: OM1/2/3

Minimum: Cat 3

Telecommunication Room

90 meters 5 meters5 meters

Data

Voice

Horizontal Cabling Topology

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• UTP cabling shall be of 4-pair, 23 or 24 AWG solid conductors.

• Fiber is typically a duplex zip-cord type.

• The recognized media are:

– 100Ω twisted-pair cable (Un-shielded and Shielded)

• Minimum requirement : Cat 3 / Class C for Voice applications

• Minimum requirement : Cat 5e / Class D for Data applications

– Multimode optical fiber cable (OM1, OM2, and OM3)

Horizontal Media Considerations

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Patch Panel with

Modular JacksPatch Cord with

Modular Plug

Balanced Cable Connectors Considerations

• Two methods for terminating UTP cable:-

– Patch panels

– Cross connects

• Connecting hardware performance shall match the

media performance.

• Horizontal cabling termination can be wall, cabinet

or rack mounted, or a combination of the two.

• Designers need to consider the pros and cons of

the connecting hardware.

– Density - Space availability and location of

mounting

– Performance – interconnects out-perform

cross connects

– Administration – easier MAC, flexibility in

patching

– Cost – interconnects cost less

• Install plenty of cable support and management

panels to dress cable to the termination port.

110XC Cross-connect

Patch Cord with

110XC Plug

Modular Jacks

Modular Plug

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Optical Fiber Connectors Considerations

• A simplex connector may be used for the termination of horizontal

fiber optical cables.

• A duplex presentation should be used for maintaining the correct

polarity of transmit and receive optical fibers by either keying, or

labeling of the adapters as position A and B.

• SFF connector can be considered for high density requirement.

• To determine an appropriate fibre connector, the designer needs to

know :-

– Which fibre connectors are specified by the industry standards.

– What optical fibre connectors are used on the transceiver (equipment).

– Is it necessary or preferable that the connector is similar to that of the

transceiver (equipment).

SC (Subscriber connector) ST

SFF (MT-RJ/LC connector)

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Horizontal Cabling Pathway System

Design Considerations

• It is important to consider the design’s ability to:

– Accommodate cabling changes.

– Minimize occupant disruption when horizontal pathways are accessed.

• The horizontal pathway system design must:

– Facilitate ongoing maintenance of horizontal cabling.

– Accommodate future additions and changes in cabling, equipment and services.

• The pathway design should allow for a minimum of 2 cable runs per

individual WA.

• The major horizontal pathways types are:

– Under-floor System

– Access Floor System

– Conduit Systems (Trunking, Conduit, Pipe, etc.)

– Cable Tray and Channels

– Ceiling Pathways

– Perimeter Pathways

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Under-floor Duct Systems

• An under-floor duct system is a

network of distribution and feeder

ducts that are embedded in

concrete at the time of building

construction.

• Distribution ducts are used to

route the cable from the feeder

duct to the WA.

• Feeder ducts/ are used to route

the cable from the distributor to

the distribution ducts.

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Cellular Floor

• A cellular floor system is a network of distribution and feeder cells that are

embedded in concrete at the time of building construction.

• It is very similar in design and scope to the under-floor duct system

including the distribution and feeder ducts/cells, after-set and pre-set inserts

and service fittings and junction boxes.

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Cellular Floor

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Raised/Access Floors

• Access Floors are raised floors comprised of modular floor panels supported by

pedestals; generally ideal for ERs, computer rooms and general office areas. They

can be designed for new construction or retrofit.

• Plenum or LSZH cable may be needed when the raised floor forms a part of the

return air system.

• Cable tray, trunking, ducting, etc. can be installed to route cable under the access

floors.

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Conduit/Pipe Systems

• Conduit system types include:

– Steel conduit systems

– Plastic conduit systems

• Major considerations:

– When outlet locations are permanent,

– Where device densities are low, and

– Flexibility is not required.

– Local codes require it.

• Design considerations:

– No section of conduit should be longer than 15 m between pull points.

– No section of conduit shall contain more than two 90° bends between pull points

– Any reverse (U-shaped) bend shall be made accessible with a pull box.

– The inside radius of a bend in conduit shall be at least 6 times the internal

diameter.

– Conduits protruding through the floor in the TR shall be terminated at least 75

mm above the floor surface

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Cable Trays and Channels

• Cable trays and channels are rigid structures for the containment of

telecommunications cables.

• They may be installed above

or below the ceiling, or below an

access floor, and in accordance

with the applicable electrical

code.

• Cables are pulled or laid in

place after the pathway has

been installed.

Ladder Cable Tray

Channel Cable Tray Mesh Cable Tray

Ventilated Cable Tray

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Ceiling Pathways

• Ceiling pathways are typically located above drop ceilings with removable

panels.

• Installations can be in both plenum and non-plenum spaces.

• Ceiling pathway may use a basket, cable tray, trunking and conduit, J-

Hooks, D-rings or Catenary wires.

• When a cable tray is used in the ceiling area, trunking from the tray to the

outlets is required unless loose wiring is permitted by standards or

regulations.

J-Hooks

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• Determine the number of WAs

• Determine design type, home run or zone

• Determine the Horizontal channel design, Cross-

connect, CP, MUTOA,

• Determine cable lengths and components required

Horizontal System Design

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TO’s

Telecomms RoomStairs

Office

Floor Plan showing Telecommunications Outlets

• Office Environments TIA/EIA 9sqm (100sq ft), ISO 10sqm per WA

• Min 2 x CAT5E(Min-spec) outlets per WA

• BAS and Wireless need to be considered

Determine the Number of Work Areas

Standards recommendations

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Home Run method

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

19x6-inch Universal Rack

Vertical

DS Cable

Manager

Vertical

DS Cable

Manager

24-Port Hub

24-Port Hub

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

4 x UTP 4 x UTP 4 x UTP4 x UTP

16 x UTP

Determine Distribution Design Type

• TO’s connected directly to patch panel in TR

• Example 16 x UTP to TO’s

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Zone method – Consolidation Points

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

81 81

81

2

3 4

1

81

19x6-inch Universal Rack

Vertical

DS Cable

Manager

Vertical

DS Cable

Manager

24-Port Hub

24-Port Hub

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

1100GS3-48

1100D3

Eg. 4

cables

Eg. multiple 4 pair cables

Flexible moveable outlet positions

• Power poles

• Underfloor

• Sub-closet

CP

Determine Distribution Design Type

• Consolidation Point connected to patch panel at TR

• TO’s connected to CP using TO to CP (plug) cord

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Calculating Horizontal

Components

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Calculating Horizontal Components

• Identify shortest cable run, A

• Identify longest cable run, B

• Calculate average cable length, AL = (A + B) / 2

• Calculate slack, S = AL x 10%

• Determine closet termination allowance, C

• Determine work area drop length, D

• Calculate total average cable length, TCL = AL + S + C

+D

Home-Run

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110 X-Connect 30' (9m)

Telecommunication Room

65' (20m)

10' (3m)

A

B

15'

(4.5m)

Closet Termination

20' (6m) Drop

15' (4.5m)

Drop

15' (4.5m)

CD

Home-Run Cabling Method

Calculating Horizontal Components

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Home-Run Cabling Method

* Variable

** Only required with overhead distribution

(A)

Shortest

Cable Run

(B)

Longest

Cable Run

(AL)

Average Cable

Length

(S)

10%

Slack

( C )

Closet

Termination

Allowance

(D)

Work Area

Drop &

Termination

(TCL)

Total Average

Cable Length

18 m. 60 m. 39 m. 4 m. 6 m.* 4.5 m. ** 54.5 m.

(60 ft.) (200 ft.) (130 ft.) (13 ft.) (20 ft.) (15 ft.) (178 ft.)

Calculating Horizontal Components

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Calculating Horizontal Components

Available in lengths from 1,000’ to 16,800’

Sample calculation

– Max. orderable length / total average length = number of runs per 1000’ box

– Number of IO’s / number of runs per 1000’ box = number of boxes of cable

Ordering Home Run Cable

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Horizontal Design

Exercises