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The Perspective ofTechnology
Education
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The Study of Technology
Many countries in the world have
been and are now implementing the
study of technology.
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In the United States as well as
in other countries, there isconfusion about the term“technology.”
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In 2001 and 2004, The
International TechnologyEducation Association (ITEA)
conducted polls which weredone by the GallupOrganization on how
Americans think abouttechnology.
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In both polls, a majority ofAmericans (62% in 2004 and
59% in 2001) responded thatscience and technology are
basically one and the samething.
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When asked how importantit is for high school students
to understand the
relationship between scienceand technology, 98% of the
Americans stated that theythought that this was “very
or somewhat important”.
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Most Americans (68% in 2004& 67% in 2001) view
technology very narrowly asbeing computers, electronics,
and the internet.
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There was near totalconsensus (98% in 2004 &
97% in 2001) in the publicsampled that schools should
include the study oftechnology in the curriculum.
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What is Science?
What is Technology?
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Science seeks tounderstand the natural
world. National Science
Education Standards ,National ResearchCouncil, 1996.
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What is Technology?
It is the innovation, change, ormodification of the natural environmentin order to satisfy perceived human
wants and needs. (Standards for Technological Literacy , ITEA, 2000)
The goal of technology is to makemodifications in the world to meethuman needs. (National Science Education Standards , NRC, 1996)
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What is Technology ?(Continued)
In the broadest sense, technology extendsour abilities to change the world: to cut,shape, or put together materials; to move
things from one place to another; to reachfarther with our hands, voices, and senses.(Benchmarks for Science Literacy , AAAS,1993)
Technology is the process by which humansmodify nature to meet their needs and wants.(Technically Speaking: Why All Americans Need to Know More About Technology ,NAE/NRC, 2002)
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Science vs. Technology
Deals with the naturalworld.
Is very concerned withwhat is (exists) in thenatural world. (i.e.:Biology, Chemistry,Physics, Astronomy,Geology, etc.)
Deals with how humansmodify, change, alter, orcontrol the natural world.
Is very concerned with whatcan or should be designed,made, or developed fromnatural world materials andsubstances to satisfy humanneeds and wants
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Science vs. Technology(Continued)
Is concerned withprocesses that seekout the meaning of
the natural world by“inquiry”, “discovering whatis”, “exploring”, and
using “the ScientificMethod”.
Is concerned withsuch processes thatwe use to
alter/change thenatural world such as“Invention”,
Innovation”,
Practical ProblemSolving, and Design.
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While technology and science
have a common denominatorbeing the natural world, they
are similar yet very different.
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Techno-Science
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Technology Education
This is the school subjectspecifically designed to teach
children about the broad field oftechnology.
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Technology Education (the study of
technology) should NOT beconfused with InformationTechnology or Educational (or
instructional) Technology!
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So what is“Technological Literacy?”
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Technological literacy is the ability
to use, manage, evaluate, andunderstand technology.
Technology Literacy for All: A Rationale and Study for the Study of Technology (2006)
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Who is a technologicallyliterate person?
One that understands:What technology is
How technology is created
How the use of technology shapes society andin turn,
How society shapes the development oftechnology
A person who is comfortable with and objectiveabout the use of technology – neither scared ofit nor infatuated with it.
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Technological literacyinvolves: Much more than a knowledgeabout computers and digital
electronics.
Gaining a degree of knowledgeabout the nature, behavior, power,
and consequences of technologyfrom a real world perspective.
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There is a growing movement in
the U. S. to teach the integrativesubjects of Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics(STEM).
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So how do we educate ourcitizens to be
technologically literate?
??
?
?
?? ?
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What Content should betaught in the study of
technology that willprovide technological
literacy for all students?
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Standards for Technological Literacy (STL)(ITEA,2000,2002/2007) presents the contentfor what every studentshould know and be
able to do in order tobe technologicallyliterate.
www.iteaconnect.org
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Standards
STL Standards are twenty written
statements about what is valued that canbe used for making a judgment of quality.
Standards represent fundamentalconcepts.
The goal is to meet all of the standards inGrades K-12.
STL Standards were written around fivemajor organizers or categories.
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Nature of Technology
Students will develop an understanding ofthe characteristics and scope of technology.
Students will develop an understanding ofthe core concepts of technology.
Students will develop an understanding ofthe relationships among technologies andthe connection between technology and
other fields of study.
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Technology and Society Students will develop an understanding of
the cultural, social, economic, and political
effects of technology. Students will develop an understanding of
the effects of technology on theenvironment.
Students will develop an understanding ofthe role of society in the development anduse of technology.
Students will develop an understanding of
the influence of technology on history.
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Design
Students will develop an understandingof the attributes of design.
Students will develop an understandingof engineering design.
Students will develop an understandingof the role of troubleshooting, researchand development, invention and
innovation, and experimentation inproblem solving.
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Abilities for a TechnologicalWorld
Students will develop the abilities to applythe design process.
Students will develop the abilities to useand maintain technological products andsystems.
Students will develop the abilities to
assess the impact of products andsystems.
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The Designed World
Students will develop an understanding ofand be able to select and use medicaltechnologies.
Students will develop an understanding ofand be able to select and use agriculturaland related biotechnologies.
Students will develop an understanding of
and be able to select and use energy andpower technologies.
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The Designed World (Cont.)
Students will develop anunderstanding of and be able toselect and use information and
communication technologies. Students will develop an
understanding of and be able toselect and use transportationtechnologies.
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The Designed World (Cont.)
Students will develop anunderstanding of and be able toselect and use manufacturing
technologies. Students will develop an
understanding of and be able toselect and use constructiontechnologies.
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Benchmarks
Benchmarks in STL are specificrequirements or enablers for eachgrade level (K-2, 3-5, 6-8, & 9-12)
that identify what needs to be donein order to meet a given standard.
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A Sample Standard &
Benchmark Standard 11:
Students will develop abilities to apply adesign process.
Grades K-2 Benchmark in Standard 11:Build or construct an object using a
design process.
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In conclusion… The power and promise of
technology can be furtherenhanced through the study oftechnology to assure that all
people are technologically literatein the future.
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Thank You!
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