ka-27/28 update - double helix
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7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 14 Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
The helicopter fleet operated by the Russian
Naval Aviation (RNA) service however has good
life-extension reserves for use in the ASW and
anti-surface role as there are a lot of hours left on
the airframes of three dozen or soHelix-As
ADDRESSING OBSOLESCENCE
In a bid to solve the obsolescence issue an
upgrade programme was launched in the early
2000s for the RNA Ka-27PL fleet but design
development testing and evaluation proved to
be a notably protracted undertaking The
Compact dependable and agile the Ka-27
(NATO reporting nameHelix ) family of
co-axial helicopters is Russiarsquos only naval
rotorcraft currently in service
It is no exaggeration to refer to it as the
quintessential Russian naval helicopter
combining ingenuity of design with a lack of
regard for aesthetics Tailor-made for operations
from small ships in rough seas the Helix family is
able to operate in any part of the worldrsquos oceans
in temperatures ranging from -50 to +60degC and
humidity up to 98 while ship landings are
possible in Sea State 5
The ASW derivative of this rugged performer
known as the Ka-27PLHelix-A is equipped with a
1980s-vintage Osminog (lsquoOctopusrsquo) mission
suite which is considered obsolete
ongoing upgrade of the existing Ka-27PL
to Ka-27M standard (known internally at
Kamov as the 20D2 project) was due to see the
first two production-standard upgrades being
handed over in late 2014 or early 2015 ndash some
12 years after the programme launch The
upgradedHelix-A is intended to remain in RNA
service until 2030 or even beyond
RNArsquos Ka-27PL fleet which is used for both
shore- and ship-based operations currently
serves with some five composite helicopter
squadrons ndash one in each of the Russian Navyrsquos
KA-2728 UPDATE
The Kamov Ka-27 Russiarsquos onlyin-service naval helicopter has beenspecifically developed for operationsfrom small ships in rough seas
Alexander Mladenov examinesthe current state and objectives of
the Ka-27M28M upgrade effort
helix
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 24wwwrotorhubcom Volume 34 Number 2 | MarchApril 2015 | Defence Helicopter
Northern Baltic and Black Sea
Fleets plus two more assigned to
the Pacific Fleet A small number of
Ka-27s and Ka-28s are operated by a
dedicated training unit at the 859th Naval
Aviation Combat Training Centre stationed at
Yeisk on the Azov Sea in southern Russia
The upgrade of the Ka-27PLrsquos apparently
outdated Osminog ASW suite was conceived for
the first time in the late 1990s In its basic and
original form it called for the replacement of the
Osminog mission system with the all-new
Leninetz Lyra a current-generation product for
retrofitting both the Ka-27PL and possibly the
export-standard Ka-28
A scaled-down derivative of the Novella
(promoted as Sea Dragon for export customers)
mission suite used on the upgraded Ilyushin
Il-38 maritime patrol aircraft its principal
purpose is to enhance detection capabilities for
underwater and surface targets by allowing
integration of new-generation ASW missiles and
guided depth charges The upgradedHelix-A
retains the three-man crew of pilot and
navigatoroperator side by side in the cockpit
and another navigatoroperator in the cabin
working with the ASW gear
AT THE HEART OF IT
The new mission suite proposed for the Ka-27M
is built around the Phazotron-NIIR FH-A
(Kopyo-A) X-band search and targeting radar at
the heart of the Radar Command-Tactical
System (RCTS) an expanded capability tactical
display system a new RGS-B01 sonobuoy
processing system (with RGB-41 omnidirectional
and RGB-48 directional passive buoys) ESM gear
an improved ROS-VM dipping sonar the MMS-
28 magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) BSK-50
communications suite and an all-new weapons
control system
The new mission and flightnavigation
systems turn the ASW-only shipborne platform
into a true multi-mission naval helicopter with an
effective ASuW capability able to perform new
roles such as over-the-horizon targeting AEW
and anti-piracy
The Phazotron-NIIR FH-A facilitates a 360deg or
sector scan of an area of interest to detect and
track sea air and land targets The system features
a moving target indicator mode in addition to
high-resolution land and coastal line mapping
weather occurrence detection and navigation
system correction modes The RCTS integrates
and displays all target information supplied by
other onboard sensors such as the sonar
sonobuoys MAD and ESM
The FH-A radar was tested for the first time on
the Ka-27 in January 2003 The 360deg mechanical
scan antenna housed in the under-nose radome
is reportedly capable of simultaneously tracking
up to ten targets and plotting their position with
a high degree of accuracy
The radar can detect a periscope-sized
target from 30km while the helicopter is flying
at 1600ft a small boat can be detected from
130km and large-size ships can be seen from
250km in Sea State 5 with the helicopter
flying at 9100ft The radar can also provide
detection and tracking of fighter-size air
targets from 100km
The coastal area mapping provided has an
accuracy of 33ft and the FH-A also can be used
for SAR Its range resolution in search mode is
16ft and the angular resolution (in azimuth) is
Shipborne workhorse
THE KA98308527PLrsquoS FIRST PROTOTYPE initially designated Ka-252 made its maiden flight on
8 August 1973 DubbedHelix-A by NATO at the time the new ASW helicopter represented a
huge leap forward boasting a highly automated mission avionics suite a reliable powerplant
and a robust airframe and rotor system
Serial production of the basic ASW version with three-man aircrew powered by two
2200shp Klimov TV3-117VK turboshafts commenced in 1977 at KumAPE and the new type
formally entered service with the then Soviet Naval Aviation arm in April 1982 A total of 267
examples of this remarkable type were built in both ASW and SAR configuration for domestic
and export customers until the early 2000s while in 2009-2011 nine more export-standard
examples designated as Ka-28 followed suit and were sold to China
The Ka-27 has compact dimensions due to the co-axial contra-rotating main rotors This
arrangement provides improved handling characteristics enabling it to land on a 33x33ft ship
deck in headwinds of up to 39kt and crosswinds of up to 20kt with the ship rolling up to 10deg
and pitching up to 3deg The co-axial rotors endow theHelix with a high degree of stability in the
hover and also simplify control
The Russian Naval Aviation service
has between 40 and 50 Ka-27PLs
intended to be cycled through theKa-27M upgrade process until about
2020
KA-2728 UPDATE
One of the two Ka-27M prototypes
involved in the test programme
using a fuselage originally
built for an export Ka-28
(All photos Kamov)
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 34
KA-2728 UPDATE
Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
28deg In addition the radar can be used for
anti-ship missile targeting purposes supporting
firings of the Kh-35 missile
JOB SHARE
The Ka-27M which features a modern radar with
air-to-surface and air-to-air modes is able to do a
significant share of the job originally assigned to
the specialised Ka-31 shipborne AEW helicopter
inducted in RNA service in mid-2012 but still
ordered in very limited numbers By early 2015
only two examples had been taken on strength
The new mission suite allows the Ka-27M to
perform search track and attack against
submarines at depths of up to 2600ft and
speeds of 40kt and at a distance of 200km from
the ship (with a patrol time of two hours) in Sea
State 5 day and night in good and bad weather
The upgradedHelix-A retains some of the
Ka-27PLrsquos mission systems such as the ROS-VM
dipping sonar housed in the bottom of the
fuselage featuring a maximum detection range
of 8km in active mode and up to 7km in passive
mode but signals processing and display is
undertaken by the new integrated mission suite
The sonar can be replaced by the MMS-28 MAD
which is also integrated in the mission suite (on
the Ka-27PL this was a standalone system) with
up to 600m detection range againstOhio-class
nuclear submarines in submerged states
In the lsquohunterrsquo role the
Ka-27M can carry up to 36
RGB-NM-1 or 32 RGB-16
new-generation sonobuoys
while in the lsquokillerrsquo role it cancarry one guided high-
speed torpedo or up to six
S-3V depth charges Among
the new anti-submarine
weapons to be integrated
on the Ka-27M is the
APR-3EME high-speed
underwater missile which
has a maximum speed of
100kt maximum operating
depth of 2600ft and a
maximum range of 2000m
The TT-4E 324mm
lightweight anti-submarine
guided torpedo with a
range of up to 6km is also
among the newly integrated weapons on the
upgradedHelix-A
The Ka-27M also received the PNK-37 flight
navigation avionics suite originally designed in
the early 2000s for the Ka-52 attack helicopter by
the Ramenskoye Instrument Design Bureau
The Ka-27Mrsquos overall combat capability
compared to that of the non-upgraded Ka-27PL
is claimed to be three times greater due to the
integrated open-architecture mission suite with
new sensors and ordnance
EXTENDED SERVICE LIFE
The mission avionics upgrade comes together
with a comprehensive airframe life-extension
programme to make the upgraded helicopters
good for up to 20 years of operation or 3000
flight hours ndash whichever is reached first
There are about 40-50 Ka-27PLs remaining in
active RNA service According to information
published in the Russian media the Ka-27M
upgrade programme was formally launched in
March 2003 and the flight-testing effort
perhaps too optimistically was planned to be
completed in 20042005 However the
programme suffered prolonged delays
apparently due to the lack of regular funding
(as it was the case with most military aviation
upgrade programmes in Russia in the 1990s
and early 2000s) In 2005-2006 the effort
moved ahead at last going into the flight test
and evaluation phase eventually set for
completion in 2014
This test and evaluation effort was
accelerated only in the early 2010s using two
prototypes One was involved in the first
Ka-27M sea trials undertaken in October 2012
The helicopter operated on the combat trainingrange of the Northern Fleet in the Barents Sea
near Severomorsk The type also performed
landings and take-offs from the decks of large
ASW ships on the move in different sea states
and completed a range of surface and
underwater search tasks
PRODUCTION PHASE
The first phase of the joint state testing effort
undertaken by the Russian Air Forcersquos State
Flight Test Centre was completed in November
2013 This eventually allowed Kamov to launch
the Ka-27M into production with work
performed at Kumertau Aviation Production
Enterprise (KumAPE) on the first two Russian
Navy examples
According to the countryrsquos Interfax-AVN news
agency the first two production-upgraded
Ka-27Ms were set for delivery to the RNA by the
end of 2014 These examples will be used for
field trials and training of an initial instructor
cadre One will be handed over to the Northern
Ka-27M specifications
DIMENSIONS
Fuselage length 159m
Length with rotors folded 1225m
Width with blades folded 38m
Height54m
Main rotor diameter 159m
WEIGHTS
Normal take-off weight 10700kg
Maximum take-off weight 12000kg
Max combat payload 1000kg
Internal fuel 1487kg
PERFORMANCE
Max speed 156kt
Max cruising speed 124kt
Max rate of climb at sea level 2252ftmin
Service ceiling 11480ft
OGE hover ceiling in ISA conditions
7220ft
Ferry range 648nm
Mission max endurance 3hr 50min
The new FH-A (Kopyo-A) radar endows the
Ka-27M with comprehensive air and surface
target search capabilities
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 44 Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
Fleet and the other one will be provided to
the RNArsquos training centre at Yeisk
A multi-year order for an as yet undisclosed
number of Ka-27M upgrades was placed by the
Russian MoD in 2012 Domestic industry sources
have revealed that the number of upgraded
helicopters set for delivery in 2015 will be
increased to four or five while the total scope of
the Ka-27M programme will cover between 30
and 40 Ka-27PLs originally built at KumAPE in
the second half of the 1980s The upgrade
programme of the current fleet is expected to be
completed by about 2020
KA-28 UPGRADE
Meanwhile during 2002 Leninetz announced
that it had already begun marketing an export
upgrade package derived from the Lyra and
named Sea Dragon for Helicopters (SDH) The
Ka-28M upgrade package also includes
integration of new more powerful Klimov
VK-2500 turboshafts and air-to-surface guided
weapons such as the Kh-35E (AS-20Kayak )
anti-ship missile with up to 130km range
In the ASW role the Ka-28M is claimed to be
capable of reaching a maximum speed of 43kt
The service life extension programme offered by
Kamov (derived from that adopted for the
Ka-27M) makes the upgradedHelix good for
3000 flight hours and 20 years The same service
time limits also apply to the TV3-117VMAR
turboshafts and the rotor mast which have TBOs
of 1500 hours15 years and 1000 hours15 years
respectively while the rotor blades are good for
3000 hours and 20 years
Only India was regarded as a likely customer
for the Ka-28M upgrade in the 2000s The
country has expressed interest in getting an
improved derivative with extensive use of
Western mission systems and ordnance
however An RfP for the Ka-28 mid-life upgrade
was issued by the Indian MoD in late 2008
WESTERN SUBSYSTEMS
Rosoboronexport submitted an offer developed
by Kamov as the OEM and main integrator
using Western sub-contractors for the new
systems The OEM joined forces with
Finmeccanica to offer a configuration including
the Selex ES Airborne Tactical Observation
and Surveillance System (ATOS-LW) Seaspray
7300e AESA radar and Titan 385 optronic
payload with IR sensor colour TV camera and
laser rangefinder The joint venture between Rosoboronexport
Kamov and Finmeccanica is reported to have
won the Indian Ka-28 upgrade programme
valued at about INR20 billion ($320 million) The
deal received approval from Indiarsquos Cabinet
Committee on Security and CBI investigators
also cleared the deal However it was later
postponed for an indefinite time
Vietnam is also regarded as a prospective
customer and it intends to place upgrade orders
over the longer term Currently its Ka-28 fleet is
being cycled through main overhaul in Russia (at
the Sevastopol Aviation Repair Plant) and the
upgrade to Ka-28M standard is likely to take
place during the next overhaul cycle due in the
2023-2025 time frame
The follow-on upgrade standards for the
Ka-28 which will be offered to customers such
as India and Vietnam could feature extensive
Israeli-built mission systems DH
KA-2728 UPDATE
The Kh-35E anti-ship missile is
offered for the export Ka-28
The Indian Navyrsquos Ka-28s were
regarded as primary targets
for a comprehensive upgrade
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 24wwwrotorhubcom Volume 34 Number 2 | MarchApril 2015 | Defence Helicopter
Northern Baltic and Black Sea
Fleets plus two more assigned to
the Pacific Fleet A small number of
Ka-27s and Ka-28s are operated by a
dedicated training unit at the 859th Naval
Aviation Combat Training Centre stationed at
Yeisk on the Azov Sea in southern Russia
The upgrade of the Ka-27PLrsquos apparently
outdated Osminog ASW suite was conceived for
the first time in the late 1990s In its basic and
original form it called for the replacement of the
Osminog mission system with the all-new
Leninetz Lyra a current-generation product for
retrofitting both the Ka-27PL and possibly the
export-standard Ka-28
A scaled-down derivative of the Novella
(promoted as Sea Dragon for export customers)
mission suite used on the upgraded Ilyushin
Il-38 maritime patrol aircraft its principal
purpose is to enhance detection capabilities for
underwater and surface targets by allowing
integration of new-generation ASW missiles and
guided depth charges The upgradedHelix-A
retains the three-man crew of pilot and
navigatoroperator side by side in the cockpit
and another navigatoroperator in the cabin
working with the ASW gear
AT THE HEART OF IT
The new mission suite proposed for the Ka-27M
is built around the Phazotron-NIIR FH-A
(Kopyo-A) X-band search and targeting radar at
the heart of the Radar Command-Tactical
System (RCTS) an expanded capability tactical
display system a new RGS-B01 sonobuoy
processing system (with RGB-41 omnidirectional
and RGB-48 directional passive buoys) ESM gear
an improved ROS-VM dipping sonar the MMS-
28 magnetic anomaly detector (MAD) BSK-50
communications suite and an all-new weapons
control system
The new mission and flightnavigation
systems turn the ASW-only shipborne platform
into a true multi-mission naval helicopter with an
effective ASuW capability able to perform new
roles such as over-the-horizon targeting AEW
and anti-piracy
The Phazotron-NIIR FH-A facilitates a 360deg or
sector scan of an area of interest to detect and
track sea air and land targets The system features
a moving target indicator mode in addition to
high-resolution land and coastal line mapping
weather occurrence detection and navigation
system correction modes The RCTS integrates
and displays all target information supplied by
other onboard sensors such as the sonar
sonobuoys MAD and ESM
The FH-A radar was tested for the first time on
the Ka-27 in January 2003 The 360deg mechanical
scan antenna housed in the under-nose radome
is reportedly capable of simultaneously tracking
up to ten targets and plotting their position with
a high degree of accuracy
The radar can detect a periscope-sized
target from 30km while the helicopter is flying
at 1600ft a small boat can be detected from
130km and large-size ships can be seen from
250km in Sea State 5 with the helicopter
flying at 9100ft The radar can also provide
detection and tracking of fighter-size air
targets from 100km
The coastal area mapping provided has an
accuracy of 33ft and the FH-A also can be used
for SAR Its range resolution in search mode is
16ft and the angular resolution (in azimuth) is
Shipborne workhorse
THE KA98308527PLrsquoS FIRST PROTOTYPE initially designated Ka-252 made its maiden flight on
8 August 1973 DubbedHelix-A by NATO at the time the new ASW helicopter represented a
huge leap forward boasting a highly automated mission avionics suite a reliable powerplant
and a robust airframe and rotor system
Serial production of the basic ASW version with three-man aircrew powered by two
2200shp Klimov TV3-117VK turboshafts commenced in 1977 at KumAPE and the new type
formally entered service with the then Soviet Naval Aviation arm in April 1982 A total of 267
examples of this remarkable type were built in both ASW and SAR configuration for domestic
and export customers until the early 2000s while in 2009-2011 nine more export-standard
examples designated as Ka-28 followed suit and were sold to China
The Ka-27 has compact dimensions due to the co-axial contra-rotating main rotors This
arrangement provides improved handling characteristics enabling it to land on a 33x33ft ship
deck in headwinds of up to 39kt and crosswinds of up to 20kt with the ship rolling up to 10deg
and pitching up to 3deg The co-axial rotors endow theHelix with a high degree of stability in the
hover and also simplify control
The Russian Naval Aviation service
has between 40 and 50 Ka-27PLs
intended to be cycled through theKa-27M upgrade process until about
2020
KA-2728 UPDATE
One of the two Ka-27M prototypes
involved in the test programme
using a fuselage originally
built for an export Ka-28
(All photos Kamov)
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 34
KA-2728 UPDATE
Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
28deg In addition the radar can be used for
anti-ship missile targeting purposes supporting
firings of the Kh-35 missile
JOB SHARE
The Ka-27M which features a modern radar with
air-to-surface and air-to-air modes is able to do a
significant share of the job originally assigned to
the specialised Ka-31 shipborne AEW helicopter
inducted in RNA service in mid-2012 but still
ordered in very limited numbers By early 2015
only two examples had been taken on strength
The new mission suite allows the Ka-27M to
perform search track and attack against
submarines at depths of up to 2600ft and
speeds of 40kt and at a distance of 200km from
the ship (with a patrol time of two hours) in Sea
State 5 day and night in good and bad weather
The upgradedHelix-A retains some of the
Ka-27PLrsquos mission systems such as the ROS-VM
dipping sonar housed in the bottom of the
fuselage featuring a maximum detection range
of 8km in active mode and up to 7km in passive
mode but signals processing and display is
undertaken by the new integrated mission suite
The sonar can be replaced by the MMS-28 MAD
which is also integrated in the mission suite (on
the Ka-27PL this was a standalone system) with
up to 600m detection range againstOhio-class
nuclear submarines in submerged states
In the lsquohunterrsquo role the
Ka-27M can carry up to 36
RGB-NM-1 or 32 RGB-16
new-generation sonobuoys
while in the lsquokillerrsquo role it cancarry one guided high-
speed torpedo or up to six
S-3V depth charges Among
the new anti-submarine
weapons to be integrated
on the Ka-27M is the
APR-3EME high-speed
underwater missile which
has a maximum speed of
100kt maximum operating
depth of 2600ft and a
maximum range of 2000m
The TT-4E 324mm
lightweight anti-submarine
guided torpedo with a
range of up to 6km is also
among the newly integrated weapons on the
upgradedHelix-A
The Ka-27M also received the PNK-37 flight
navigation avionics suite originally designed in
the early 2000s for the Ka-52 attack helicopter by
the Ramenskoye Instrument Design Bureau
The Ka-27Mrsquos overall combat capability
compared to that of the non-upgraded Ka-27PL
is claimed to be three times greater due to the
integrated open-architecture mission suite with
new sensors and ordnance
EXTENDED SERVICE LIFE
The mission avionics upgrade comes together
with a comprehensive airframe life-extension
programme to make the upgraded helicopters
good for up to 20 years of operation or 3000
flight hours ndash whichever is reached first
There are about 40-50 Ka-27PLs remaining in
active RNA service According to information
published in the Russian media the Ka-27M
upgrade programme was formally launched in
March 2003 and the flight-testing effort
perhaps too optimistically was planned to be
completed in 20042005 However the
programme suffered prolonged delays
apparently due to the lack of regular funding
(as it was the case with most military aviation
upgrade programmes in Russia in the 1990s
and early 2000s) In 2005-2006 the effort
moved ahead at last going into the flight test
and evaluation phase eventually set for
completion in 2014
This test and evaluation effort was
accelerated only in the early 2010s using two
prototypes One was involved in the first
Ka-27M sea trials undertaken in October 2012
The helicopter operated on the combat trainingrange of the Northern Fleet in the Barents Sea
near Severomorsk The type also performed
landings and take-offs from the decks of large
ASW ships on the move in different sea states
and completed a range of surface and
underwater search tasks
PRODUCTION PHASE
The first phase of the joint state testing effort
undertaken by the Russian Air Forcersquos State
Flight Test Centre was completed in November
2013 This eventually allowed Kamov to launch
the Ka-27M into production with work
performed at Kumertau Aviation Production
Enterprise (KumAPE) on the first two Russian
Navy examples
According to the countryrsquos Interfax-AVN news
agency the first two production-upgraded
Ka-27Ms were set for delivery to the RNA by the
end of 2014 These examples will be used for
field trials and training of an initial instructor
cadre One will be handed over to the Northern
Ka-27M specifications
DIMENSIONS
Fuselage length 159m
Length with rotors folded 1225m
Width with blades folded 38m
Height54m
Main rotor diameter 159m
WEIGHTS
Normal take-off weight 10700kg
Maximum take-off weight 12000kg
Max combat payload 1000kg
Internal fuel 1487kg
PERFORMANCE
Max speed 156kt
Max cruising speed 124kt
Max rate of climb at sea level 2252ftmin
Service ceiling 11480ft
OGE hover ceiling in ISA conditions
7220ft
Ferry range 648nm
Mission max endurance 3hr 50min
The new FH-A (Kopyo-A) radar endows the
Ka-27M with comprehensive air and surface
target search capabilities
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 44 Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
Fleet and the other one will be provided to
the RNArsquos training centre at Yeisk
A multi-year order for an as yet undisclosed
number of Ka-27M upgrades was placed by the
Russian MoD in 2012 Domestic industry sources
have revealed that the number of upgraded
helicopters set for delivery in 2015 will be
increased to four or five while the total scope of
the Ka-27M programme will cover between 30
and 40 Ka-27PLs originally built at KumAPE in
the second half of the 1980s The upgrade
programme of the current fleet is expected to be
completed by about 2020
KA-28 UPGRADE
Meanwhile during 2002 Leninetz announced
that it had already begun marketing an export
upgrade package derived from the Lyra and
named Sea Dragon for Helicopters (SDH) The
Ka-28M upgrade package also includes
integration of new more powerful Klimov
VK-2500 turboshafts and air-to-surface guided
weapons such as the Kh-35E (AS-20Kayak )
anti-ship missile with up to 130km range
In the ASW role the Ka-28M is claimed to be
capable of reaching a maximum speed of 43kt
The service life extension programme offered by
Kamov (derived from that adopted for the
Ka-27M) makes the upgradedHelix good for
3000 flight hours and 20 years The same service
time limits also apply to the TV3-117VMAR
turboshafts and the rotor mast which have TBOs
of 1500 hours15 years and 1000 hours15 years
respectively while the rotor blades are good for
3000 hours and 20 years
Only India was regarded as a likely customer
for the Ka-28M upgrade in the 2000s The
country has expressed interest in getting an
improved derivative with extensive use of
Western mission systems and ordnance
however An RfP for the Ka-28 mid-life upgrade
was issued by the Indian MoD in late 2008
WESTERN SUBSYSTEMS
Rosoboronexport submitted an offer developed
by Kamov as the OEM and main integrator
using Western sub-contractors for the new
systems The OEM joined forces with
Finmeccanica to offer a configuration including
the Selex ES Airborne Tactical Observation
and Surveillance System (ATOS-LW) Seaspray
7300e AESA radar and Titan 385 optronic
payload with IR sensor colour TV camera and
laser rangefinder The joint venture between Rosoboronexport
Kamov and Finmeccanica is reported to have
won the Indian Ka-28 upgrade programme
valued at about INR20 billion ($320 million) The
deal received approval from Indiarsquos Cabinet
Committee on Security and CBI investigators
also cleared the deal However it was later
postponed for an indefinite time
Vietnam is also regarded as a prospective
customer and it intends to place upgrade orders
over the longer term Currently its Ka-28 fleet is
being cycled through main overhaul in Russia (at
the Sevastopol Aviation Repair Plant) and the
upgrade to Ka-28M standard is likely to take
place during the next overhaul cycle due in the
2023-2025 time frame
The follow-on upgrade standards for the
Ka-28 which will be offered to customers such
as India and Vietnam could feature extensive
Israeli-built mission systems DH
KA-2728 UPDATE
The Kh-35E anti-ship missile is
offered for the export Ka-28
The Indian Navyrsquos Ka-28s were
regarded as primary targets
for a comprehensive upgrade
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 34
KA-2728 UPDATE
Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
28deg In addition the radar can be used for
anti-ship missile targeting purposes supporting
firings of the Kh-35 missile
JOB SHARE
The Ka-27M which features a modern radar with
air-to-surface and air-to-air modes is able to do a
significant share of the job originally assigned to
the specialised Ka-31 shipborne AEW helicopter
inducted in RNA service in mid-2012 but still
ordered in very limited numbers By early 2015
only two examples had been taken on strength
The new mission suite allows the Ka-27M to
perform search track and attack against
submarines at depths of up to 2600ft and
speeds of 40kt and at a distance of 200km from
the ship (with a patrol time of two hours) in Sea
State 5 day and night in good and bad weather
The upgradedHelix-A retains some of the
Ka-27PLrsquos mission systems such as the ROS-VM
dipping sonar housed in the bottom of the
fuselage featuring a maximum detection range
of 8km in active mode and up to 7km in passive
mode but signals processing and display is
undertaken by the new integrated mission suite
The sonar can be replaced by the MMS-28 MAD
which is also integrated in the mission suite (on
the Ka-27PL this was a standalone system) with
up to 600m detection range againstOhio-class
nuclear submarines in submerged states
In the lsquohunterrsquo role the
Ka-27M can carry up to 36
RGB-NM-1 or 32 RGB-16
new-generation sonobuoys
while in the lsquokillerrsquo role it cancarry one guided high-
speed torpedo or up to six
S-3V depth charges Among
the new anti-submarine
weapons to be integrated
on the Ka-27M is the
APR-3EME high-speed
underwater missile which
has a maximum speed of
100kt maximum operating
depth of 2600ft and a
maximum range of 2000m
The TT-4E 324mm
lightweight anti-submarine
guided torpedo with a
range of up to 6km is also
among the newly integrated weapons on the
upgradedHelix-A
The Ka-27M also received the PNK-37 flight
navigation avionics suite originally designed in
the early 2000s for the Ka-52 attack helicopter by
the Ramenskoye Instrument Design Bureau
The Ka-27Mrsquos overall combat capability
compared to that of the non-upgraded Ka-27PL
is claimed to be three times greater due to the
integrated open-architecture mission suite with
new sensors and ordnance
EXTENDED SERVICE LIFE
The mission avionics upgrade comes together
with a comprehensive airframe life-extension
programme to make the upgraded helicopters
good for up to 20 years of operation or 3000
flight hours ndash whichever is reached first
There are about 40-50 Ka-27PLs remaining in
active RNA service According to information
published in the Russian media the Ka-27M
upgrade programme was formally launched in
March 2003 and the flight-testing effort
perhaps too optimistically was planned to be
completed in 20042005 However the
programme suffered prolonged delays
apparently due to the lack of regular funding
(as it was the case with most military aviation
upgrade programmes in Russia in the 1990s
and early 2000s) In 2005-2006 the effort
moved ahead at last going into the flight test
and evaluation phase eventually set for
completion in 2014
This test and evaluation effort was
accelerated only in the early 2010s using two
prototypes One was involved in the first
Ka-27M sea trials undertaken in October 2012
The helicopter operated on the combat trainingrange of the Northern Fleet in the Barents Sea
near Severomorsk The type also performed
landings and take-offs from the decks of large
ASW ships on the move in different sea states
and completed a range of surface and
underwater search tasks
PRODUCTION PHASE
The first phase of the joint state testing effort
undertaken by the Russian Air Forcersquos State
Flight Test Centre was completed in November
2013 This eventually allowed Kamov to launch
the Ka-27M into production with work
performed at Kumertau Aviation Production
Enterprise (KumAPE) on the first two Russian
Navy examples
According to the countryrsquos Interfax-AVN news
agency the first two production-upgraded
Ka-27Ms were set for delivery to the RNA by the
end of 2014 These examples will be used for
field trials and training of an initial instructor
cadre One will be handed over to the Northern
Ka-27M specifications
DIMENSIONS
Fuselage length 159m
Length with rotors folded 1225m
Width with blades folded 38m
Height54m
Main rotor diameter 159m
WEIGHTS
Normal take-off weight 10700kg
Maximum take-off weight 12000kg
Max combat payload 1000kg
Internal fuel 1487kg
PERFORMANCE
Max speed 156kt
Max cruising speed 124kt
Max rate of climb at sea level 2252ftmin
Service ceiling 11480ft
OGE hover ceiling in ISA conditions
7220ft
Ferry range 648nm
Mission max endurance 3hr 50min
The new FH-A (Kopyo-A) radar endows the
Ka-27M with comprehensive air and surface
target search capabilities
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 44 Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
Fleet and the other one will be provided to
the RNArsquos training centre at Yeisk
A multi-year order for an as yet undisclosed
number of Ka-27M upgrades was placed by the
Russian MoD in 2012 Domestic industry sources
have revealed that the number of upgraded
helicopters set for delivery in 2015 will be
increased to four or five while the total scope of
the Ka-27M programme will cover between 30
and 40 Ka-27PLs originally built at KumAPE in
the second half of the 1980s The upgrade
programme of the current fleet is expected to be
completed by about 2020
KA-28 UPGRADE
Meanwhile during 2002 Leninetz announced
that it had already begun marketing an export
upgrade package derived from the Lyra and
named Sea Dragon for Helicopters (SDH) The
Ka-28M upgrade package also includes
integration of new more powerful Klimov
VK-2500 turboshafts and air-to-surface guided
weapons such as the Kh-35E (AS-20Kayak )
anti-ship missile with up to 130km range
In the ASW role the Ka-28M is claimed to be
capable of reaching a maximum speed of 43kt
The service life extension programme offered by
Kamov (derived from that adopted for the
Ka-27M) makes the upgradedHelix good for
3000 flight hours and 20 years The same service
time limits also apply to the TV3-117VMAR
turboshafts and the rotor mast which have TBOs
of 1500 hours15 years and 1000 hours15 years
respectively while the rotor blades are good for
3000 hours and 20 years
Only India was regarded as a likely customer
for the Ka-28M upgrade in the 2000s The
country has expressed interest in getting an
improved derivative with extensive use of
Western mission systems and ordnance
however An RfP for the Ka-28 mid-life upgrade
was issued by the Indian MoD in late 2008
WESTERN SUBSYSTEMS
Rosoboronexport submitted an offer developed
by Kamov as the OEM and main integrator
using Western sub-contractors for the new
systems The OEM joined forces with
Finmeccanica to offer a configuration including
the Selex ES Airborne Tactical Observation
and Surveillance System (ATOS-LW) Seaspray
7300e AESA radar and Titan 385 optronic
payload with IR sensor colour TV camera and
laser rangefinder The joint venture between Rosoboronexport
Kamov and Finmeccanica is reported to have
won the Indian Ka-28 upgrade programme
valued at about INR20 billion ($320 million) The
deal received approval from Indiarsquos Cabinet
Committee on Security and CBI investigators
also cleared the deal However it was later
postponed for an indefinite time
Vietnam is also regarded as a prospective
customer and it intends to place upgrade orders
over the longer term Currently its Ka-28 fleet is
being cycled through main overhaul in Russia (at
the Sevastopol Aviation Repair Plant) and the
upgrade to Ka-28M standard is likely to take
place during the next overhaul cycle due in the
2023-2025 time frame
The follow-on upgrade standards for the
Ka-28 which will be offered to customers such
as India and Vietnam could feature extensive
Israeli-built mission systems DH
KA-2728 UPDATE
The Kh-35E anti-ship missile is
offered for the export Ka-28
The Indian Navyrsquos Ka-28s were
regarded as primary targets
for a comprehensive upgrade
7262019 Ka-2728 Update - Double Helix
httpslidepdfcomreaderfullka-2728-update-double-helix 44 Defence Helicopter | MarchApril 2015 | Volume 34 Number 2 wwwrotorhubcom
Fleet and the other one will be provided to
the RNArsquos training centre at Yeisk
A multi-year order for an as yet undisclosed
number of Ka-27M upgrades was placed by the
Russian MoD in 2012 Domestic industry sources
have revealed that the number of upgraded
helicopters set for delivery in 2015 will be
increased to four or five while the total scope of
the Ka-27M programme will cover between 30
and 40 Ka-27PLs originally built at KumAPE in
the second half of the 1980s The upgrade
programme of the current fleet is expected to be
completed by about 2020
KA-28 UPGRADE
Meanwhile during 2002 Leninetz announced
that it had already begun marketing an export
upgrade package derived from the Lyra and
named Sea Dragon for Helicopters (SDH) The
Ka-28M upgrade package also includes
integration of new more powerful Klimov
VK-2500 turboshafts and air-to-surface guided
weapons such as the Kh-35E (AS-20Kayak )
anti-ship missile with up to 130km range
In the ASW role the Ka-28M is claimed to be
capable of reaching a maximum speed of 43kt
The service life extension programme offered by
Kamov (derived from that adopted for the
Ka-27M) makes the upgradedHelix good for
3000 flight hours and 20 years The same service
time limits also apply to the TV3-117VMAR
turboshafts and the rotor mast which have TBOs
of 1500 hours15 years and 1000 hours15 years
respectively while the rotor blades are good for
3000 hours and 20 years
Only India was regarded as a likely customer
for the Ka-28M upgrade in the 2000s The
country has expressed interest in getting an
improved derivative with extensive use of
Western mission systems and ordnance
however An RfP for the Ka-28 mid-life upgrade
was issued by the Indian MoD in late 2008
WESTERN SUBSYSTEMS
Rosoboronexport submitted an offer developed
by Kamov as the OEM and main integrator
using Western sub-contractors for the new
systems The OEM joined forces with
Finmeccanica to offer a configuration including
the Selex ES Airborne Tactical Observation
and Surveillance System (ATOS-LW) Seaspray
7300e AESA radar and Titan 385 optronic
payload with IR sensor colour TV camera and
laser rangefinder The joint venture between Rosoboronexport
Kamov and Finmeccanica is reported to have
won the Indian Ka-28 upgrade programme
valued at about INR20 billion ($320 million) The
deal received approval from Indiarsquos Cabinet
Committee on Security and CBI investigators
also cleared the deal However it was later
postponed for an indefinite time
Vietnam is also regarded as a prospective
customer and it intends to place upgrade orders
over the longer term Currently its Ka-28 fleet is
being cycled through main overhaul in Russia (at
the Sevastopol Aviation Repair Plant) and the
upgrade to Ka-28M standard is likely to take
place during the next overhaul cycle due in the
2023-2025 time frame
The follow-on upgrade standards for the
Ka-28 which will be offered to customers such
as India and Vietnam could feature extensive
Israeli-built mission systems DH
KA-2728 UPDATE
The Kh-35E anti-ship missile is
offered for the export Ka-28
The Indian Navyrsquos Ka-28s were
regarded as primary targets
for a comprehensive upgrade
top related