john whitelegg living streets june 2014 putting sustainable transport at the heart of elections
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John Whitelegg
Living Streets June 2014
Putting sustainable transport at the heart of elections
Groundhog Day
• Mayer Hillman
• Design of First Pedestrian-Oriented New Town in the UK (with Jonas Lehrman), 1956
• Hook New Town design (1961)
..and again
• Walking is Transport (Policy Studies Institute, 1979)
…and again
• Rod Tolley (editor)
• The greening of urban transport. Planning for walking and cycling in Western cities (1997)
So what do we know?
• Walking is very healthy
• Walking is very cheap
• Walking is convivial
• Walking nurtures high quality urban design
• Walking has carbon reduction potential
• Walking reduces air pollution
• Walking is a public health issue
0
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alk
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Obesity Walk, Cycle, Public Transit
Appleyardresearch
replicated in Bristol
by Josh Hart, Living Streets
(2008)
www.livingstreets.org.uk
-27%
• UK National Travel Survey, 2012, reports a 27% decline in walking in the period 1995-2012
Jan Gehl “Cities for People”
• We have extensive information about what can and should be done
International charter on walking
• 34 actions that can be implemented quickly and inexpensively
The bigger picture
• Vision Zero
• Zero carbon
• Think Space
• Think Time
Amount of space required to transport the same number of people by car, bus or bicycle
What can a government do?
Outer layers
• Internalise external cost so that all modes pay the full costs imposed on society as a whole
• Eliminate subsidy
Inner layers
• Implement all the urban design principles in Gehl (2010), pages 232-245
• Reallocate highway space
• Reallocate highway time
• Adopt full network planning for walk/cycle
• Total system-wide, default 20mph limits
• Real democracy at local level
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