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Johann HumanMay 2004
THE 2004 SEOUL INTERNATIONAL TRADE REMEDIES SEMINAR
TRADE REMEDIES :THE STATE OF PLAY
Seoul 20 May 2004
PRESENTATION: JOHANN HUMAN Rules Division
WTO Secretariat johann.human@wto.org
Johann HumanMay 2004
TRADE REMEDIES
NOTES
• Data are based on notifications by WTO Members.
• AD and CVD data: If an investigation covers imports from more than one country, the number of countries is counted – for example, if 3 countries were involved, it is counted as 3 initiations/measures.
• Safeguard data: Due to the nature of Safeguard action, an investigation is counted as one action, regardless of the number of WTO Members affected.
• No data on Reviews included.
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGNUMBER OF INITIATIONS
1995-2003
157
224243 255
355
294
366
311
210
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Total 2400
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGINITIATIONS BY IMPORTING COUNTRY
1995 - 2003
India UnitedStates
EC Argentina SouthAfrica
Australia Canada Brazil Mexico China Turkey Korea
379
329
274
6172
180
73
166
109122
163
59
Total 2400
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI-DUMPINGINITIATIONS BY IMPORTING COUNTRY
2001 - 2003
India UnitedStates
China EC Australia Canada Turkey Argentina Brazil Mexico
206
45
148
66
47 414130 29
56
Total 887
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGMEASURES IMPOSED
1995-2003
118
84
112
162183
235
166
212 220
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Total 1500
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGMEASURES IMPOSED BY SECTOR
1995 - 2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Metals
Chemicals
Plastics
Tex/Cloth
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGINITIATIONS BY IMPORTING MEMBER
1995 - 2003
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003
US
India
EC
China
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGNUMBER OF INITIATIONS AGAINST KOREA
1995-2003
1411
15
24
34
22 23 23
16
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Total 182
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI – DUMPINGMEMBERS INITIATING AGAINST KOREA
1995-2003
1315 16
21 22
27
SOUTHAFR
AUSTR CHINA EC US INDIA
Total 182
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sINITIATIONS
IMPORTING COUNTRY1995 - 2003
UnitedStates
EC Canada SouthAfrica
Australia NewZealand
66
42
12 116
Total 168
Members 16 (EC = 1)
6
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sMEASURES
IMPORTING COUNTRY1995 - 2003
UnitedStates
EC Canada Mexico Brazil Argentina
43
20
7 74
Total 100
Members 11 (EC = 1)
Brazil initiated before 1995
5
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sMEASURES
EXPORTING COUNTRY1995 - 2003
EC India Brazil Indonesia Korea SouthAfrica
28
19
86
4
Total 100
Members 21 (EC = 1)
6
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sMEASURES BY SECTOR
1995 - 2004
Metals
Prep Food
Vegetables
Other
Plastics
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sINITIATIONS: LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT
1995 - 2004
Total 168
Developing 21%
Developed 79%
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sINITIATIONS AGAINST KOREA
1995 - 2003
MetalsMachinery
Tex/Cloth
Plastics
8
2
TOTAL 13
1
2
Johann HumanMay 2004
CVD’sINITIATIONS AGAINST KOREA: MEMBERS
1995 - 2003
EC
US
SOUTH AFRICA
6
TOTAL 13
1
6
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDSINITIATIONS
1995 - 2003
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Total 121Terminations 43
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDSINITIATIONS: STEEL
1995 - 2003
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
1995-1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Total 22
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDS INITIATIONS
1995 - 2003
India UnitedStates
Chile Jordan CzechRepublic
Ecuador
14
10 9 9 9 9
Total 121
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDSMEASURES IMPOSED
1995 - 2003
India UnitedStates
Chile CzechRepublic
Jordan Poland
Total 61
8
6
4 4
5 5
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDS INITIATIONS BY SECTOR
1995 - 2004
Agric/Food
Steel
Chemicals
Johann HumanMay 2004
SAFEGUARDSINITIATIONS: LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT
1995 - 2004
Total 121
Developing 86%
Developed 14%
Johann HumanMay 2004
TRADE REMEDIESINITIATIONS
1995 - 2003
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
AD
CVD
Safeguards
Total 121Terminations 43
Johann HumanMay 2004
DISPUTE SETTLEMENTPANEL REPORTS ADOPTED
1995 - 2004
OTHERS TRADE REMEDIES
TOTAL NUMBER OF REPORTS ADOPTED BY DSB
90
55%45%
Johann HumanMay 2004
DISPUTE SETTLEMENTPANELS
TRADE REMEDIES INVESTIGATIONS 1995 - 2004
Anti-Dumping
Subsidy + CVD
Safeguard
AD/SCM
TOTAL NUMBER OF REPORTS ADOPTED BY DSB 50
22
173
8
Johann HumanMay 2004
TRADE REMEDIES INVESTIGATIONSPANEL REPORTS ADOPTED
1995 - 2004
AD CVD SG
1.3%
13%
5%
NB: Does not include Subsidy Measures challenged
% of measures imposed challenged
Johann HumanMay 2004
TRADE REMEDIESTHE FUTURE?
• More Members active
• State of world economy?
• World Steel Market?
• Termination of Agreement on Textiles and Clothing end of 2004.
• Effect of expiry of “Peace Clause” - Agreement on Agriculture
• Doha Development Agenda outcome?
Johann HumanMay 2004
ANTI - DUMPING NUMBER OF MEMBERS - INITIATIONS
1980 - 2003
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
1980 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
MEMBERS HAVING TAKEN ACTION 41
EC = 1
Johann HumanMay 2004
ATC SAFEGUARDSMEASURES IMPOSED
1995 - 2003
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002
Total measures imposed 53
Total initiations 65
Johann HumanMay 2004
ATC SAFEGUARDSMEASURES IMPOSED BY MEMBER
1995 - 2003
US ARG BRA COLOM
Total measures imposed 53
Total initiations 65
All Developing countries, except US
28(24 IN 1995)
17 IN 1999
9(7 IN1996) 9 IN 1998
Johann HumanMay 2004
ATC SAFEGUARDSINITIATIONS: EXPORTING MEMBER
1995 - 2003
Korea
Brazil Pakistan
Thailand
India
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Korea Brazil Pakistan Thailand India
45
77
13
Johann HumanMay 2004
TRADE REMEDIESTHE FUTURE?
• DOHA DEVELOPMENT AGENDA
– Negotiating Group on Rules– Mandate to “clarify and improve”:
» Anti – Dumping Agreement» Subsidies and Countervailing Measures
Agreement
» NOT Safeguards Agreement
Johann HumanMay 2004
감사합니다
THANK YOU !
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