introduction to crossbow mica2 sensors
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Introduction to Crossbow Mica2 SensorsPrasanna Ballal
Automat ion & Robotics Research I nstit ut eUniversity of Texas at Arlington
EE5369 Sensor Netw orksDr. Frank Lew is
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What is mica2 ?Mica2:
-processing,
-storage
-power supply
-sending data to base station
Sensing board:-sensing (temperature, light,
accelerometer & magnetometer)
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Why mica2? mica2wireless platform serves as a
foundation for various WSN
applications. Hundreds of research groups all over
the world (including UTA) use mica2nodes
mica2is created with off-the-shelf
hardware mica2does not require use of
predefined protocols (except mica Z)
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System architecture Logical architecture
RFCommunication
I/OSub-system
Storage
Power management
Processing
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System architecture
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System Architecture Constraints
4KB RAM
128KB Program Flash Memory
> 25mA (Tx) , < 15uA (sleep) at 3.3V 8MHz Microcont roller
19.2Kbps (at 433 or 916MHz)
Other excit ing details
512KB Measurement Flash 4KB Conf igurat ion EEPROM
10bit ADC
3 LEDs
51pin expansion connector
Transmission range ~ 500f t outdoor
Runs on 2 AA bat teries
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Processing sub-system Functions
Application execution
Resource management Peripherial interaction
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Processing sub-systemFunctions
Application Execution
Resource ManagementPeripheral I nt eract ion
Atmel AVR ATMEGA128L
RI SC Archi t ecture
8 bit ALU/ data-path128 Kb FLASH - Code
4 Kb SRAM - Data
Mult iple peripherals
Details are available in the ATMEGA128L Datasheet
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Logical architecture
RFCommunication
I/OSub-system
Storage
Power management
Processing
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I/O Sub-System Functions
Interface with sensing boards
Interface with programming boards Program and communicate with other
devices
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Logical architecture
RFCommunication
I/OSub-system
Storage
Power management
Processing
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Secondary storage Sub-System Functions
stores sensor data logs
temporarily holds program images receivedover the network interface
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Logical architecture
RFCommunication
I/OSub-system
Storage
Power management
Processing
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Power management Sub-System Functions
regulate the systems supply voltage
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Logical architecture
RFCommunication
I/OSub-system
Storage
Power management
Processing
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RF Communication Sub-System Functions
Transmit Receive data packets
wirelessly Co-ordinate/ Netw ork w ith other
nodes
Implementat ion
Radio Modulat ion Demodulat ion Two types of radios: RFM, ChipCon
CC1000 RFM: Mica & pr edecessors
CC1000: Mica2 onw ards AVR
Protocol Processing
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Sensing Sub-System Functions
Sampling physical signals/phenomena
Different types of sensors Photo-sensor
Acoustic Microphone
Magnetometer Accelerometer
Sensor Processor Interface
51 Pin Connector
ON-OFF switches for individual sensors
Multiple data channels
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Other sensor boardsUltrasonic transceiver
LocalizationUsed for rangingUp to 2.5m range6cm accuracy
Dedicated microprocessor25kHz element
Basic Sensor boardLight (Photo), Temperature,
Acceleration, Magnetometer,
Microphone, Tone Detector,
Sound
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References
www.xbow.com
www.tinyos.net
Datasheets: Atmel 128l, Atmel 103l,Maxim 1678, RM 4041, DS1804,TR1000, CC1000, CC2420
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