identifying indigenous mexicans and central americans in ......identifying indigenous mexicans and...
Post on 29-Dec-2019
4 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Identifying Indigenous Mexicans
and Central Americans in Survey Research
Susan Gabbard Daniel Carroll
Immigration Reform: Implications for Farmers, Farm Workers and Communities
May 27, 2010
Indigenous Mexicans and Central Americans
Descendents of Mexico and Central America’s pre-Columbian population, Mayan and other groups
Distinct histories and cultures Up to 90 indigenous languages spoken in
Mexico Mostly from poor, rural areas Began migrating to the United States in
the early 1980s Increasing migration since late 1990s
Challenges of Identifying Important to identify because of unique
challenges in labor relations, service delivery, social and civic integration
Multi-faceted definition of indigenous Language Geography Race/ethnicity - self-identification
Discrimination and self-identification
The National Agricultural Workers Survey Agriculture as a point of entry for poor, often rural,
immigrants NAWS is a national probability survey of field
workers in crop agriculture US Dept of Labor sponsors and conducted by
Aguirre Division of JBS International Establishment survey: Find workers through their
employers Complex sampling: multi-stage, stratified, cluster AAPOR4 response rate for establishments is 40%,
Grower cooperation 60-70%, List issues reduce RR Worker response rate is >90% Survey mostly done in Spanish
West Central
North
South
Mexican Sending Regions
1992-1994 1995-1997 1998-2000 2001-2003 2004-2006 2007-2009
West Central 45% 41% 47% 44% 44% 45%
North 45% 43% 32% 32% 29% 27%
South 10% 16% 21% 23% 27% 27%
0
10
20
30
40
50
1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009
The race question
Primary Language
Indigenous Languages 1999-2007
Achi Aguateco Amuzgo Cakchiquel Chatino Chinanteco Chuj Cora Garifuna Ixil
Quiche
Tarasco
Tepehuano
Tlapaneco
Triqui
Tzeltal
Tzotzil
Visayo
Zapoteco
Jacalteco Kanjobal Mam Maya Mazateco Mixteco Nahuatl Otomi Popti Purepecha
Different Ways of Measuring Indigenous Mexicans and
Central Americans
As a percent of Mexican and Central American Farmworkers
Race, Child or Primary Language 17% 14% Race 3% 5% 9% 11% 13% 11% Child Language 6% 6%
Primary language 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 2%
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009
Race, Child or Primary Language
Race
Child Language
Primary language
Percent of Indigenous Respondents* Identified by:
*Defined as an affirmative answer to any race or language question
Fifty-five percent of Indigenous respondents were identified only by race, 22% by race and language, 15% by child language, and 8% by primary/child language.
Indigenous Respondents by Migrant-Sending Regions
Percent of indigenous respondents identified by: South
West Central Total
Primary Language 27% 3% 21%
Child Language 57% 8% 46%
Race 75% 92% 76%
Only identified by child language 16% 5% 16%
Summary Indigenous identity is multi-faceted and
nuanced Multiple question approach better
identifies and allows exploration of components of indigenous identity
Need for better geographic measure – municipio of respondent/parent
Contact Susan Gabbard Aguirre Division of JBS International 555 Airport Boulevard sgabbard@jbsinternational.com
top related