hydrogen risk assessment in são paulo state – brazil newton pimenta sandro tomaz giuseppe...

Hydrogen risk assessment in

São Paulo State – Brazil

Newton Pimenta

Sandro Tomaz

Giuseppe Michelino

4th International Conference on Hydrogen Safety

ICHS 2011

12 - 14 September 2011

San Francisco, CA, USA

198_NevesN

FONTES: IBGE, DETRAN-SP

São Paulo State (SP)

Municipalities: 645

Population: 41 million inhabitants 95% urban

Gross Domestic Product: 34% of the country

21 million vehicles

108,000 industries

SP Environmental Protection Agency (CETESB)

CETESB Main Objectives

Evaluation of environmental quality Air - Water - Soil

Inspection of environmental pollution sources

Technology transfer in the environmental field

Prevention - environmental licensing

Main focus is outside the walls.

VILA SOCÓ - CUBATÃO CITYVILA SOCÓ - CUBATÃO CITY

04/Feb/1984

GASOLINE PIPELINE RUPTURE

FOLLOWED BY FIRE

Source: Banco de Imagens da CETESB/1984

Source: Petrobrás

500 victims

93 deaths

Environmental Licensing

Previous and Installation License Operational License

Risk Analysis(RA)

Licensing - Prevention

CE

TE

SB

’s R

isk

Ana

lysi

s F

low

char

t

Hazardous substanceand quantity (RD)

Off-site Vulnerability

QRA?

ConsequenceAnalysis

FrequencyAnalysis

Off-site scenarios selection

Risk estimation (Societal & Individual)

Need risk reduction?

Risk reduction measures

Risk Management Program

NO

YES

NO

YES

Risk Management Program (RMP)

Process Safety Information Management of Change Operating Procedures Training Assuring the Quality and Mechanical Integrity of

Critical Equipment Emergency Response and Control Investigation of Incidents Audit of Risk Management Systems

Comparison: QRA x RMP

Quantitative Risk Analysis: Expensive Subject to greater uncertainties Time-consuming

Risk Management Program Not expensive Simple Less time used in analysis

Reference Distance supports the decision-making

Reference Distance (RD)

Reference Distance (RD) Maximum distance reached by 0.1 bar overpressure

from vapour cloud explosion (1% death). Instantaneous release of 20% of the inventory

of a vessel/tank Cloud dispersion to Lower Flammability Limit (LFL) Vapour Cloud Explosion (VCE) Software PHAST 6.54 determines the “worst case”

consequences for an explosion. Chart: RD x Mass

Hydrogen RD Chart and VCE

Mass (kg) RD (m)

10 18

50 30

100 38

500 65

1,000 81

1,500 93

10,000 175

100,000 378

LFL

Reference Distance (m)

Leaksource

Cloudcenter

Distance to 0.1 bar

Hydrogen RD ChartVapour Cloud Explosion

Parameter ValuePasquill Atmospheric Stability DWind Speed 2 m/sAmbient Temperature 25ºCRelative Humidity 80%

Simulation : weather conditions

QRA

Risk Management Program (RMP)

Population inside RD circle?

RD Application

YES

NO

Example of RD Application

Four interconnected hydrogen vessels, each one with 250 kg (total 1,000 kg)

Chart indicates a RD of 81 m

Is there population inside the RD circle? From the figure the answer is YES

Conclusion: the facility must submit a full QRA to CETESB

Example of RD Application

Discussion

The assumptions may be conservative in some cases. For example: it does not consider any protective system

Initial screening

Covers storage cases

Not for continuous process

Conclusion

Not the worst case, but conservative Simple, easy to aplly and cheaper Money / time saving

Thank you! Obrigado!

Brazilian Reference Centerfor Hydrogen Energy

Hydrogen Laboratoryat Unicamp

Contacts:Sandro Tomaz sandrot@cetesbnet.sp.gov.brGiuseppe Michelino giuseppem@cetesbnet.sp.gov.br Newton Pimenta nevesjr@ifi.unicamp.br

São Paulo Environmental Protection Agency