horst stöcker facility for antiproton and ion research gsi helmholtzzentrum für...
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Horst Stöcker
Facility for Antiprotonand Ion Research
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
From national
To international
GSI – Some Facts and Figures:
• Founded: 1969• Shareholders: Federal Republic of Germany, States of Hesse, Rhineland- Palatinate and Thuringia• Mission: Construction and Operation of Accelerators, Realisation and Start of FAIR; Excellent Heavy Ion Research• Budget (2015): ca. 120 million € (plus project funds for FAIR)• Employees: approx. 1200• Scientific users: 1500; (approx. 1300 external)
Linear Accelerator
Heavy Ions-Synchrotron
Storage Ring
GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung
GSI – Member of the Helmholtz Association (HGF)
- Helmholtz: Facts and Figures
18 Research Centres
37.000 Employees
15.000 Scientists & Engineers
7.000 Doctoral Students
Budget ca. 3.9 Billion Euro (including Third Party Funding)
Largest Research Organization in Germany
Stammsitz Helmholtz-Zentrum
Zweigstelle
Helmholtz-Geschäftsstelle
List
Helgoland
Bremerhaven GeesthachtHamburg
Greifswald
Braunschweig
Wolfenbüttel-Remlingen
Göttingen
MagdeburgPotsdam
Berlin
ZeuthenTeltow
Niemegk
Halle
LeipzigBad Lauchstädt
Köln
Jülich
Bonn
Darmstadt
Heidelberg
Lampoldshausen
Karlsruhe
Suttgart
München
GarchingNeuherberg
Oberpfaffenhofen
Jena
Mainz
Dresden
GSI
Saarbrücken
Kiel
Research Areas in the Helmholtz-Association
Energy
Earth and Environment
Health
Key Technologies
Matter
Transport and Space
- Program Oriented Research & Funding
GSI: Brief History ... and Outlook into the Future
GSI
Philips-University in Marburg
Justus-Liebig-University in Gießen
Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-University in Frankfurt
Technical Universityin Darmstadt
J.-Gutenberg-University inMainz
Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg
State of Hessen
• Founded in 1969: as large research infra- structure (Großforschungs- einrichtung) to 'serve' the surrounding universities
• Today: German 'National' Labora- tory for Nuclear and Heavy- Ion Physics; User Facility for European/ International Users
• Future: FAIR - International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research
National and International Cooperation
Ca. 50 German Universities and Research Centres
- about 1300 external users- Coop. with about 170 research institutions from over 35 countries
SIS
FRS
ESR
Experimental Areas
Ion Sources
UNILAC
Linear-Accelerator20% speed of light
Ring-Accelerator
all elements
90% speed of light
GSI Accelerator and Experimental Facilities
Fragment Separator'exotic' nuclei
Storage Ring'bare' atoms & exotic nuclei
PHELIX Laser
From
fundamental research into the Structure of Matter and Evolution of the Universe
to
applications and transfer of technologies
Research at GSI
- At GSI: Discovery of six new chemical elements with atomic numbers 107–112 Presently: Hunting for Element 120!H
Li Be
Na Mg
K Ca
Rb Sr
Cs Ba
Fr Ra
Y
Sc
La
Ac
Ti
Hf
Zr
V
Nb
Ta
Cr
Mo
W
Tc
Mn
Re
Fe
Ru
Os
Co
Rh
Ir
Ni
Pd
Pt
Cu
Au
Ag
Zn
Cd
Hg
B
Al
Ga
In
Tl
C
Si
Ge
Sn
Pb
N
P
As
Sb
Bi
O
S
Se
Po
F
Cl
Br
I
At
He
Ne
Ar
Kr
Xe
Rn
Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg 112Rf
Te
12
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
37 38 39 40 41 42 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82
87 88 89
43
33 34 35 36
51 52 53 54
83 84 85 86
105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112104114114
116116
I
II III IV V VI VII
VIII
113113
115115
58-71
90-103
Bohrium
Hassium
Meitnerium Darmstadtium
Roentgenium
Copernicium
Example I: Search for super-heavy elements ...
117118
119 120? ?
Roentgenium
Naming of Element 112: Copernicium
Pro
ton
nu
mb
er
Neutron number
277X
262BH
265Hs
266Mt
269Ds
272Rg
107
108
109
110111 112
Copernicium Symbol: Cn
274Cn112
12 July 2010
Tumor
harte Röntgenstrahlung
Eindringtiefe [cm]
182 6 10 14
50 %
100 %
0 %
Dam
age
Ion beam
New tumor therapy with Ion beams:§ as precise as a scalpel§ extremely efficient in fighting tumor cells
Example II: Cancer Therapy with Ion beams...
Penetration depth / cm
X rays
From Clinical Studies at GSI... ... to Standard Medical Application
• more than 450 patients• tumor control rate 80 % - 90 %• almost no side-effects• accepted by health insurers
- Cooperation and License Contract with Siemens Medical Solutions-Other clinical ion beam facilities: Shanghai, Marburg-Gießen, …
-Cooperation with Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica, Pavia
Pilot phase at GSI Heidelberg Ion Therapy HIT
• start of patient treatments: Nov. 2009• first clinical ion beam unit in Europe• three treatment stations• Goal: 1000 patients per year
100 m
UNILAC
SIS 18
SIS 100/300
HESRSuperFRS
NESR
CR
RESR
ESR
Beam intensity by a factor of 100 - 10000 Beam energy by a factor of 20 Anti-matter beams Unique beam quality Parallel operation
Added value
Construction in modules 0 – 5, … Modularized Start Version: Modules 0 - 3 Construction cost: 1.027 Billion Euro (2005) Scientific Pillars:
- APPA: Atomic Physics, Plasma Physics, Applic. - CBM: Compresed Baryonic Matter- NuSTAR: Nucl Structure & Astrophysics- PANDA: Hadron Structure & Dynamics In total: 2500 – 3000 Users
Construction, cost, scientific communities
The Long Term Perspective: FAIR
• existing facility• new facility
65 % Federal Republic 10 % State of Hessen 25 % International Partners
Funding (Construction)
Fast accelerationHigh gradient, variable frequency
Ferrite & MA loaded cavities
Compact & cost effective acceleratorsFast cycling superconducting magnets
dB/dt ~ 4T/s
Precision beamsElectron & stochastic cooling
XHV @ high beam intensitiesExtremely high vacuum ~10-13 mbar
Accelerator Challenges
14Horst Stöcker
FAIR Experimentswith KVI engagement
15
CBM
PANDA:Antiproton Physics
NuSTAR:Nucl. StructureAstrophysics
Super-FRS
APPA: Atoms; Plasmas,Materials; Bio- & Space Res.
Horst Stöcker
Anti-Proton Annihilation @ DA
16
PANDA
Horst Stöcker
Search for Heavy Glueballs• Charmed glueballs
– flavour blind decays• charmed final states
– only a few charmed mesons around 3 - 4 MeV/c2
• less mixing
• Exotic glueballs (oddballs), no mixing!– m(2+-) = 4140(50)(200)
MeV– m(0+-) = 4740(70)(230)
MeV– decay modes , , J/,
J/ – Narrow widths predicted
17
Morningstar & Peardon, PRD60(1999)34509Morningstar & Peardon, PRD56(1997)4043
Compressed Baryonic Matter
18
SIS100/300
CBM @ FAIRCBM @ FAIR
Horst Stöcker
High Baryon Density @ CBM
19Horst Stöcker
NuSTAR
20Horst Stöcker
S=-1
S=-2
S=-0
New Dimensions in Chart of Nuclides
-2
-1
NuSTAR
22
NuSTAR
Super-FRS
Secondary Beams: Broad range of radioactive ion beams up to 2 GeV/uRI- Intensities up to 10 000 over present
Primary HI Beams:• 40Ar18+ 2x1012/s @ 1 – 2 GeV/u• 238U28+: 5x1011/s @ 1 – 2 GeV/u
• 40Ar18+ 2x1010/s @ 1 – 45 GeV/u• 238U92+: 1x1010/s @ 1 – 35 GeV/u100 x 1000 times current intensity
Horst Stöcker
in 2022
Austria China Finnland France Germany India Italy Poland Romania Russia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Great Britain
Thank You!
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