historical maps final_2
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8/7/2019 Historical Maps Final_2
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Joshua Sisskind, University at Albany
GIS Day 2008
University at Albany
Ralph Hill, NYS OGS, Bureau of Land Management
Carola Soltau, University at Albany
Why Utilize Historic Maps?
Digitizing and Conversion Process
Contributions to New York State Initiatives
Future Uses
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We can use historic maps within a geographicinformation system as a tool for understanding thespatial relationships between the current state of ourworld and past phenomena: Positional accuracy can determine if features have been
moved slightly to improve clarity
Where have lands been filled in or where hasdevelopment occurred?
Create a geographic information system
where water grants and easements can
be queried, edited and viewed with
other relevant layers and orthophotos
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Geographic Information System (GIS) A mechanized inventory of geographically distributed
features
Water Grant A donation of public lands under water to a subordinate
government, corporation or an individual
Orthophoto a completely rectified copy of an original photograph
Resolution Resolution can be expressed as the number of pixels per
inch, or PPI Generally, a resolution of 150-600 ppi is used
For our purposes, we will use a resolution of 300 ppi
When selecting a resolution, it is important to balance a
high resolution without having a large file size. Determine a resolution that will be able to determine the
smallest significant figures
We will also use a grayscale to keep the file size at a minimum
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Rotate map so that north arrow points up Trace each map individually Use consistent color scheme
Grants and Easements = Red Shorelines = Blue Roads = Green Pier and Bulkhead Lines = Magenta Other Features = Yellow
Convert maps to State Plane 1983 (Feet) Displace the traced map to actual location based on aerial imagery and
common features Lighthouses Railroads Streets Can use shoreline as a guide but not as truth, because of coast line
erosion and filled-in land
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Select out each color and save as individual layer once all mapshave been digitized, converted and displaced. This is done using a custom program to select colors from all layers Save using consistent nomenclature, which is based on the attribute
layer and the countys four character county code (FCCC) COUNTY FCCC_LAYER NAME WEST_Roads
Fine tune all layers
QA/QC grants and easements to remove any attributes that havebeen saved within the layer accidentally
Link features from the grants and easements layer with thedatabase where the grants and easements information is stored New York State Lands Under Water projects
Grants were found to be within the approximatelocations of their actual boundaries
Areas of grants and lengths of easements can bevisually estimated and interpreted in relation tosurrounding structures
The areas where significant growth and developmenthas occurred can be determined Especially when there is a question of if this
development is allowed
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Marina and Development Studies Hudson River Estuary Program
New York State Coastal Atlas
Authority Grants
The grantee can buildwithin limits set withinthe patent between thestate and the patentee
The right of the granteeto fill in lands makinguplands out of foreshoreand thus extinguishing
jus publicum
Beneficial EnjoymentGrants
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The Water Grant
GIS can also be used
to determine which
grants are
Beneficial
Enjoyment and
which are
Authority to
determine if it is
allowed for filled in
lands.
New York StateMarina Studies
The Water Grant
GIS can also be used
to determine which
grants are
Beneficial
Enjoyment and
which are
Authority todetermine if it is
allowed for filled in
lands.
New York StateMarina Studies
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Complete the same process with land grants Utilize grants for marina growth students
Utilize maps in historical research Development along the Hudson River
How Albany changed the shoreline of the Hudson
Google Earth and ArcGIS integration
Online database for real-time view
The map layers can be overlaid onto aerial photos,quad maps and other base maps and source data
As new grants and easements are issued, the GIS canbe modified to show them
New grantees can view the location of their grants or
easements in real time Queries can be run showing lands under water
transactions
The original maps can be archived properly
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