hazardous materials

HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

SELF-TEST• 1. What are the two major groups of Hazardous Materials?

• 2. What are the steps that comprise the process of Hazardous Materials

handling?

• 3. What is a MSDS sheet?

• 4. How should Hazardous Chemicals be stored?

• 5. What is PPE?

GOAL• Minimize/prevent claims of personal

injury, liability, and property damage associated with the improper handling, storage, and/or disposal of hazardous materials

OBJECTIVES

• Understand how to recognize hazardous materials in the workplace

• Understand the processes of how to develop and manage the safe and proper handling, storage, and disposal of hazardous materials

• Understand how to minimize the risk of handling, storing, and disposing of hazardous materials

• Understand the components necessary to comply with the Loss Prevention audit questions

Regulations

&

Requirements

Federal Regulations

• 29 CFR 1910 – Workplace Safety (OSHA)

• 40 CFR – Environment (EPA)

• 49 CFR – Transportation (DOT)

Generator

SecondaryConsumer

Secondary Transporter

Transporter

Disposer

General Safety Audit Question #10

• A. “Is there a written hazardous materials program including policies and

procedures for handling, storing and using hazardous materials from receipt through final disposal?

• B. “Are there any hazardous materials present? If so:

General Safety Audit Question #10 cont’d

• “Is there training and appropriate monitoring of personnel who manage or regularly come into contact with hazardous materials?

• “Are there procedures to follow in the use of Personal Protective Equipment and directions to get assistance?

General Safety Audit Question #10 cont’d

• “Are Material Safety Data Sheets reviewed with the employee, maintained in the work area and made available to the employee?”

HAZ-MAT HANDLING

General Process

• 1. Recognize hazardous materials

• 2. Research and develop policies and procedures

• 3. Evaluate for effectiveness

• 4. Revise & re-implement, when needed

DEFINITIONS

Hazardous material– Physical

– Health

Examples• Corrosives •

Explosives

• Flammables • Oxidizers

• Combustibles • Peroxides

Examples cont’d

• Bio-hazardous materials • Carcinogens

• Ionizing radiation • Poisons & etiological agents

• Compressed gases

DEFINITIONS• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)—

– Devices and equipment that provides a barrier between an employee and a hazardous environment

• Routes of exposure– Ingestion– Inhalation– Perenteral– Cutaneous

1. Recognize

• Identify ALL processes that utilize hazardous chemicals in the workplace

– ALL locations

– ALL buildings

Examples• Maintenance operations

– Chiller systems, boiler systems, paints, adhesives, lubricants, solvents, poisons, fuels

• Manufacturing/Production operations– Dyes, inks, paints, compressed gases,

fuels, etc…

Examples

• Scientific/Research operations– Laboratory chemicals, bio-hazardous

materials, ionizing radiation sources

• Custodial operations– Cleansers, bleach, waxes & polishes,

disinfectants

2. Research/& Develop

• Use MSDS’s to research:– PPE requirements

• Requires Haz-Com knowledge and implementation!!

– Spill/release procedures

2. Research & Develop

• Emergency procedures– Ex. Fire fighting

• Control measures– Emergency equipment

– PPE

PPE

• Usage

• Availability

• Selection– Adequate type and class

Only use ANSI approved

protection!!!

PPE• Fit

– Individual basis

• Inspection – Prior to use

• Maintenance & decontamination– Consult manufacturer for approved

methods

PPE types

PPE types• Head protection

– 2 types

– 4 classes

• Eye and face protection– Must meet ANSI 287.1-1968

PPE types cont’d

• Ear protection

• Respiratory protection

PPE types cont’d

• Torso protection

Foot and leg protection

PPE types cont’d

• Arm and hand protection

PPE Classes

Class A• Highest level of respiratory, eye, and skin

protection

Class B• Highest level of respiratory and eye

protection

• Cutaneous and percutaneous exposure to small unprotected areas is not probable

Class C• Same as level B, but a lesser level of

respiratory protection

Class D• Basic work uniform

2. Policies & Procedures

• Develop and implement work procedures

• MSDS should be readily available

• Develop & implement PPE Policy– Should apply to ALL affected employees,

vendors, and visitors!!

2. Policies & Procedures

• Establish a procurement procedure

• Establish safe work practices

Procurement Policy & Procedure

• Indicate responsibilities and procedures for:– Ordering

– Receiving

– Inventories

Ordering• Identify procedure for requesting an order

– Who’s responsibility?• Name • Phone Number • Email address

– Form??

• Do NOT order if:– PPE is not available– Adequate storage facility not available– Cannot use all prior to the shelf-life

Do NOT order if:

1. PPE is not available2. Adequate storage facility not

available3. Cannot use all prior to the

shelf-life

Receiving

• Who’s responsibility?

• Do NOT accept if:– Not properly labeled

– Package is not intact

– No MSDS

Inventory

• Each location

• Indicate frequency

• Record-keeping requirements

Safe Work Practices

• No smoking while handling

• Always wear proper PPE

• Always handle with care

• Avoid skin contact

• Wash hands prior to leaving work area

Safe Work Practices

• Treat all unknown chemicals as hazardous materials

• Containers are NOT to be used for food preparation or consumption

• Use proper containment when transporting through work area

3. Evaluate• Routine inspections

– Identify concerns

• Examples– Quarterly or Monthly safety inspections– State Fire Marshal inspections – ORM audit inspection

4. Revise• Implement corrective action to correct

identified concerns

• Examples– Revising policies/procedures– Retraining employees– Re-organizing the workplace– Procuring supplies

HAZ-MAT STORAGE

DEFINITIONS• Flashpoint

• Flammable

• Combustible

• Oxidizer

• Incompatability

General Process

• 1. Identify hazardous materials to be stored

• 2. Communicate reportable quantities

• 3. Research and plan

• 4. Layout the storage area

• 5. Establish procedures

• 6. Implement necessary controls

• 7. Evaluate (and revise as necessary)

1. Identify• All haz-mat to be stored

– Include ALL locations

2. Communicate

• Reportable quantities– Louisiana State Police

• Tier II form

• Local fire departments• LEPC

– Local Emergency Planning Committee– One in each parish

3. Research• Review:

– MSDS,– Safety codes, – Laws/standards, and/or – Regulations

• Specifications on storage units:– Fire rating– Proper signage– Ventilation requirements– Proximity/location

4. Layout• Assign storage spaces in accordance with

compatibility requirements

5. Establish Procedures

• Safety work practices– Upon receipt, move immediately to storage area– Keep in original container– Do NOT store near stairwell, elevator, or

hallways– Do NOT store near combustibles (ie.

Paper/cardboard)– Inspect routinely

• During your monthly/quarterly inspection

(be sure it is documented)

6. Implement• Follow your written procedures

7. Evaluate• Inspections (from the result of an

inspection, you may need to revise a procedure, as necessary)

HAZ-MAT DISPOSAL

DEFINITIONS• Hazardous waste

– Definition

• Different states:– Solid– Semi-solid– Liquid– Contained gas

• Different characteristics:- Ignitability- Corrosivity- Reactivity- Toxicity

Not all hazardous materials yield hazardous waste!!

Not all waste products are hazardous!!

Example

1 HCl + 1 NaOH 1 NaCL + 1 H2OHydorchloric

AcidSodium

HydroxideSodiumChloride

(Table Salt)

Water

Reactants Products

DEFINITIONS• Generator

– Definition

• 3 Categories• Conditionally exempt generators

– No more than 100 Kg. per month

• Small quantity generators– 100 to 1000 Kg. per month

• Large quantity generators– 1000 Kg. or more per month

The Line Of Custody

• Cradle-to-grave– Responsibility and liability for each party

Generator(Cradle)

SecondaryConsumer

Secondary Transporter

Transporter

Disposer(Grave)

General Process

• 1. Identify hazardous waste(s) and sources

• 2. Analyze & modify the work process

• 3. Research and plan

• 4. Establish procedures

• 5. Implement (and revise as needed)

1. Identify• Waste hazard codes

– Ignitable waste Type I– Corrosive waste Type C– Reactive waste Type R– Toxicity Characteristic Waste Type E– Acute Hazardous Waste Type H– Toxic Waste Type T

Identify• Hazardous waste numbers

– Non-specific sources• F-Waste Table

– Specific sources• K-Waste Table

Important for record-keeping, notification, and reporting!!!

Identify• Discarded commercial chemical products

– Type H • P-Waste table

– Type T, R, I, and C• U-Waste table

Important for record-keeping, notification, and reporting!!!

2. Analyze & Modify

• Is there anyway to reduce the risk??– Replace with non-hazardous chemicals– Minimize the amount of waste

• Usable quantities

• System efficiency

3. Research & Plan

• Who…will handle the waste?– Employees– Contracted service

• What…is the risk comparison?Employees Contracted Service·Training ·Partial liability·Liability·Equipment·Man hours

Research & Plan

• Where…can I research the contract vendors?– Office of Contractual Review website– http://www.state.la.us/ocr/pql2.htm

• When…should the waste be picked up?– Frequency

• How…can I track the effluent waste?

4. Establish Procedures

• Written in a clear & concise manner, and made available to all those who need it

4. Establish procedures

• Policies & Procedures that employees are mandated to follow

• This should be stated in the overall HZ. Mat. Program

• Observations

5. Implement• Train employees on the procedure/s

(and be sure to Document!)

Employee Safety

Identify Exposure

• Employees are responsible for handling hazardous materials/waste– 1. Lab Technicians– 2. Printing Technicians– 3. Haz. Mat./Loss Prevention Officer– 4. Hospital Cleaning Crew

Medical Surveillance System

• Pre-employment physical examinations

• Employee medical records

• Employee exposure records

• Periodic health examinations

• First aid systems

Pre-employment Exams

• Determine the general health status

• Determine ability/disability to perform work– If the prospective employee cannot meet the

job requirements, his/her services is not needed!!!

• Should assess relevant areas of the body– Ex: Ears, for exposure to noise levels above

OSHA requirements

Employee Medical Records

• Documentation of the health status of “at risk” employees– Made or maintained by physician, nurse, or

other health care personnel

• Confidentiality– Separate – Secure

Employee Medical Records

• Should include:– Medical and employment questionnaires– Results of medical exams– Medical diagnoses, opinions, and physician’s

notes and recommendations– Descriptions of treatments– Prescriptions– Employee medical complaints

Employee Medical Records

• Should NOT include:– Blood and urine samples not needed for medical

or legal requirements– Records concerning health insurance and

workers’ compensation claims (if maintained separately)

– Employee assistance program records (if maintained separately)

– Drug testing program records (if maintained separately)

Employee Exposure Records

• Documentation of exposure to a toxic substance or a harmful physical agent via any route

• Harmful physical agents• Hazardous chemicals or biological agents

– Physical stresses• Noise, heat, cold, vibration, repetitive motion,

ionizing radiation, and non-ionizing radiation

Exposure & MedicalRecords

• Retention time– Medical records: employment + 30 years– Exposure records: at least 30 years

• Access– Open for employees, their designees, and

OSHA

Periodic Health Exams

• May be on a voluntary or required basis

• Required– For employees with exposure

• Frequency depends on:– Quality of engineering controls– Nature of the exposure– Findings on each examination

Periodic Health Exams

• Special examinations– Return-to-work

• Purpose– Control communicable diseases– Determine ability to return after NON-

occupational illness or injury

First Aid Systems• Employer provisions

– At least one person trained in First Aid if:• No medical personnel onsite

• Medical facility not within close proximity

– Written plan for medical emergencies

• Records retention– Employment + 30 years

POST-TEST• See Handout

REFERENCES

REFERENCES• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

www.epa.gov

REFERENCES• Occupational Safety & Health Administration

(OSHA)

• (202) 693-1888

www.osha.gov

REFERENCES• Louisiana State Police in Baton Rouge

– Right-to-Know Unit• Phone: (225) 925-6113

www.lsp.org/rtk.html

REFERENCES• LA. Office of the State Fire Marshal

• Phone: 1-800-256-5452

www.dps.state.la.us/sfm/index.htm

REFERENCES• LA. Department of

Environmental Quality (DEQ)

• Phone:

(225) 765-0219

www.deq.state.la.us