global navigation satellite system (gnss) update

Impact of New SPS GNSS Receivers and Constellations on

Precise Marine Positioning

Martin de Kievit

More Satellites are neededCongested marine spaces

Congested vessels

Demand for greater accuracy

GPS/GLONASS GPS

– 31 satellites active (Sept ‘13)

– L1 C/A & P(Y)

– L2 P(Y) & L2C (IIR-M)

– L5 (IIF) – First satellite launched May 2010 GLONASS

– 24 satellites healthy (Sept ‘13) as well as satellites in residual status

– L1 C/A & P

– L2 C/A (-M) & P

Multi-frequency/Multi-System Antenna- L1/L5/E6 Galileo Ready – shipping since 2005

Inside the GNSS receiver

Trimble 360°technology is used in SPS985 and SPS855 and BX 982 receivers

Dual Maxwell VI - 6th Generation Chip ASIC 2x 220 = 440 Channels GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/QZSS/Compass

compliant– For all current civilian open signals

GPS Modernization: L2C

First satellite launched September 2005– 8 Block IIR-M satellites so far– 1 Block IIF (adds L5)

L2C Signal Strength = Productivity

GPS Modernization: L5 New 3rd frequency band GPS Block IIF satellites

– Block III will complete L5/L2C constellation

First launch occurred May 2010 Block IIF - also broadcast L2C signals SPS GNSS

– Capable of tracking L5 – Tested with the simulator and GPS IIF modulator– Successfully tracking L5

PRN 1 (IIR-M with L5) PRN 25 (IIF)

Trimble Simulation capability L1/L2/L5 GPS & E1/E5A/E5B Galileo

JPO L2-C / L5 Modulator

Tests

New GNSS Signals

Global ConstellationsGPS (31)

GLONASS (24) Galileo (22+)

Compass (~30)

Regional Constellations– QZSS (3)– IRNSS (7)

Satellite-Based Augmentations

WAAS (3) MSAS (2)

EGNOS (3) GAGAN (3)

SDCM

In the not too distant future…

SBAS systems

IRNSS and GAGAN Indian Regional Nav Satellite System

– Orbits similar to QZSS – inclined Geostationary orbit

– L5 & S-Band– 7 Satellites planned– First launched to be decided– No public ICD

GAGAN– Is a SBAS satellite over India– First satellite was launched in 2011, a second one

was launched in 2012– Full constellation of three satellites should be

ready end of 2014

GPS L1C / GPS III

L1C– Third GPS Civilian Signal

GPS III (2014 first launch)

– Also on QZSS ICD is public Modulation

– Very similar to Galileo– More multipath immunity c.f. C/A

QZSS

Quasi-Zenith Satellite System Eccentric Geo-synchronous Orbit L1 C/A, L1C, L2C, E6 & L5 First satellite launched September 2010 Augments GNSS in deep urban canyon Satellite appears at a high elevation for an extended

time period over Japan and Asia Pacific QZSS included in Trimble 360TM Technology

– SPS985 and SPS855 support this by default– Trimble Tracking L1 C/A, SAIF, L2C, L5– Also tracked L1C (first satellite to have L1C)

QZSS Orbit

QZSS Tracking Melbourne – November 2010 (CNo)

Beidou/Compass Beidou

– Geostationary active ranging system over China

Beidou-2 / Compass– MEO(Medium Earth Orbit / 16.000 km) ,

GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit /36.000 km) and Inclined GEO

MEO satellite component system similar to GPS– First test satellite (MEO) launched early 2007

1 GEO failed in 2009 4 launches in 2010 (3 GEOs, 3 inclined GEO, 1 MEO)

– No public ICD – PRN Codes reverse engineered by Stanford University

Ephemeris/Clock etc format unknown– Codes will have similar performance to GPS

Although quality of the clocks, orbital modeling etc. are still unknown

Compass 10 active satellites in space

– 4x GEO – transmitting– 1x GEO – failed– 1x MEO – transmitting (oldest satellite from March

2007)– 5x Inclined GEO

3 Bands (B1, B2 & B3) Trimble 360TM Technology

– Inside SPS985 and SPS855– Tracking all 3 bands

Compass

No public ICD (Interface Control Document)– Tracking based on Stanford University work– No ephemeris/clock/almanac information (no ICD)– Able to produce code/carrier measurements but not position

Compass Inclined Orbit Geo-Sync

Compass Data

Galileo European System

– 2 Test Satellites (don’t conform to the Galileo ICD) Giove-A Launched Dec 2005 Giove-B Launched April 2008

– 4 IOV satellites – started in October 2011 (2)– 22 further funded satellites to come

Original plan 27 – 30 satellites (only a subset funded)

Open Services– Require a license

Trimble IP supports Galileo and Trimble has a license to commercialize

Other Signals/Bands– E6 – commercial service (CS)– PRS – public regulated service– No public ICD for CS or PRS signals

Five Galileo Services Open access navigation

No charge, positioning down to 1 metre

Commercial navigation (encrypted) To the centimetre; service providers will charge

fees

Safety Of life navigation Open service for applications where guaranteed

precision is essential

Public regulated navigation (encrypted) Continuous availability even if other services are

disabled in time of crisis; Government agencies will be main users.

Search and rescue System will pick up distress beacon locations;

feasible to send feedback

GIOVE-A Pseudorange noise

Pseudorange measurement No code/carrier filtering E1 includes Everest Multipath mitigation

Summary – current constellation GPS

– 31 active GLONASS

– 24 active Compass

– 10 active Galileo

– 2 GIOVE test satellites, 2 IOV satellites QZSS

– 1 active SBAS

– WAAS (3) / EGNOS (3) / MSAS (2) / GAGAN (2) Current Total = 75+ GNSS satellites

– Plus additional in orbit non-transmitting spares (eg. GPS & GLONASS)

Too many satellites?

CMRx Data format The Problem:

– Existing data formats too long when more satellites and more constellations are launched

– Need to reduce data volumes when using cell phone technology

– Licenses for wider band radios harder to obtain The Solution:

– Trimble’s CMRx proprietary format transmitted from Base Station

Marine GNSS receivers

SPS985

SPS855 Base

SPS855 Rover

SPS855 & 555H Rover & Heading

sensor

SPS985 Smart Antenna Tracks GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Compass, Galileo,

Marinestar, SBAS

Internal wideband 410-470 MHz or

licence free 900MHz

Battery door – ultra rugged. Removable

2.4 Ah battery

Bluetooth to Tablet or Computer

Scalable accuracy modes

‘Portable’ base or Rover

Wi-Fi for licence free radio and

access to Web UI

Quick Release adapter for one click on/off

pole

NEW BX 982 GNSS Modular Heading Receiver

Tracks GPS, GLONASS, QZSS, Compass, Galileo,

SBAS

Support for FDE and RAIM =

Positioning Integrity Monitoring

3x RS232, 1 x USB, 1x CAN , and 1 x

LAN Ethernet Port

Support for Marinestar

VBS,XP,G2 and HP

Rugged Housing

Configuration through our

standard web browser

2 x 220channel Trimble Maxwell

chip sets

Dual Antenna input

Fugro Marinestar now available on Trimble receivers

Receivers capable of receiving Marinestar VBS,XP,G2 and HP: – SPS461, SPS855, SPS985 and BX982 with

upgrade option Location RTK enabled Applications Marinestar:

– Navy & Defense applications (incl. Mine hunting)– Hydrographic surveys– Research Vessels– Bathymetry– Dredging– Positioning buoys & Jack-up rigs– And many others

Marine

Wi-Fi on Smart Antenna (SPS985) Tracking structures – wirelessly License free Heading via Wi-Fi between SPS985’s

Updated Geoid Model EGM-96 More precise vertical – orthometric heights

related to sea level CMRx every 3 seconds – for slow radio links

for long range offshore

Questions?

martin_dekievit@trimble.com