five kingdoms of living things. each living thing must have most of the following: ability to move...
Post on 18-Dec-2015
215 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Five Kingdoms of Living Things
Each living thing must have most of the following:
• Ability to MOVE around from place to place, or make things inside it move around
• EAT to get energy to breathe, move, and grow
• GROW during its lifetime• BREATHE in gases• REPRODUCE to make the next
generation• CHANGE as it reacts to the
environment
Remembering is easy!
My - moveElf - eatBaked - breatheGreen and- growRed - reproduceCookies - change
Scientists divide all living things into 5 Kingdoms:
1. Protist2. Monera3. Fungi4. Plant5. Animal
The 5 Kingdoms1. Taxonomy
a. the science of identifying, naming, and classifying
2. Classificationa. the act of placing objects in groups based on characteristics
3. Scientists use both of these to organize living organisms.
4. The largest group living things are placed in is a kingdom (there are 5).
5. The smallest classification group is the species. The second smallest is the genus.
Protista:• Complex, single-celled life
forms (eukaryotic)• Usually can only be seen
through a microscope• Can be parasites that cause
disease• Can make its own food or
feed on other living things• A protist has a nucleus.• Examples: ameba,
paramecium, simple algae
paramecium
ameba
Monera:• Simple single cells (prokaryotic)• Shaped like rods, spirals, and
round balls• So small they can only be seen
through a microscope• No nucleus!• Example: bacteria
Bacteria
Protista and Monera
moneraprotista
Most are singlecelled
Nonucleus
Bacteria
Has a nucleus
ProducersOr
consumers
Examples:Kelp, ameba, paramecium
Eukaryotic(complex)Prokaryotic
(simple)
living
Fungi:• Many-celled organisms• Absorb food from living or dead
things (consumers).• Parasitic “plants” (They are not
true plants because they do not have chlorophyll to make their own food.)
• Examples: mushrooms, bread mold, penicillin, mildew, and yeast
Plants: • Many-celled• Contain chlorophyll used to make
their own food (producers) and gives them a green color (photosynthesis)
• Have cell walls and large vacuoles
• Divided into two main groups: vascular and nonvascular plants
I. Two major groups of plants:A. Vascular plants:
1. Have conducting tissues (xylem and phloem), leaves, stems and roots.
2. Have a root system for anchoring the plant and absorbing water and
nutrients from the soil.3. Have vessels that make tubes for moving water throughout the plant.
ERT (p. 66 on) find out the meanings of roots, root hairs, chlorophyll, chloroplasts, xylem, phloem, stomata, photosynthesis, and respiration.
B. Non-vascular plants
1. Do not have conducting tissues, leaves and roots. They are small.
2. Require water for fertilization so they must grow in moist habitats.
3. Reproduce by spores.
4. Have rhizoids that hold them in place.
Vascular and Nonvascular• Tall• Has roots, root hairs,
stems, tubes• Some have flowers, fruit,
seeds• Chlorophyll• Some reproduce by
spores• Have a cell wall• Need water, air, sunlight
• Short• Do not have roots,
leaves, flowers, root hairs, stems, fruit, tubes, seeds
• Chlorophyll• Reproduce by spores• Have a cell wall• Need water, air, sunlight• Have rhizoids that hold
them in place but do not absorb water or nutrients
Vascular Vs. Non-Vascular
vascular non-vascular
chlorophyll
Have plant cells
Have vacuoles & cell walls
Make theirown food
has roots
anchored to dirt
have roothairs
can betall
short
noroots
Don’t have leaves,stems, or seeds
Connecting LearningDraw a picture of the celery and moss the next
day. Mark the waterline on your cup. Find and record the ending mass of the celery and moss. Measure the height of the celery and the moss. Record all information with labels.
1. How did the moss and celery change?2. Which plant moved the most water? Explain
with data.3. Which structures help vascular plants move
water?4. Why do you think vascular plants are larger
than nonvascular?5. Is an oak tree a vascular or nonvascular
plant? How did this experiment help you with this question?
6. What are you wondering now?
Animals:• Divided into 2 main groups:
1. Invertebrates: animals without backbones
2. Vertebrates: animals with backbones
Vertebrate Invertebrate
Vertebrates Invertebrates
Have an endoskeleton
Endo meansinside
Havebackbones
Nobackbones
Some have anexoskeleton
Exo meansoutside
Connecting Learning1. What do each of your materials
represent?2. How does your model help you to
understand how a backbone functions?
3. What happened when you made the backbone without the gummy rings?
4. What is the purpose of the soft discs, or gummy rings?
5. What are you wondering now about vertebrates?
Fish
Physical features:
a. Fins
b. Gills
c. Cold-blooded
d. Scales
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Vertebrates
Facts: Fish breathe. Fish lay eggs.
AmphibiansPhysical Features:
1. Moist, slimy bodies
2. Live on land AND in water
3. Breathe with gills as well as lungs (sometimes in different stages of life)
4. Cold-blooded
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Vertebrates
Facts: They lay eggs in moist places. They may have gills that develop into lungs.
ReptilesPhysical Features: 1. Dry, scaly skin2. Cold-blooded3. Breathe with lungs4. Spend most of their time on landClassification Groups: Animal Kingdom,
VertebratesFacts: There are 4 types: lizards, snakes,
turtles, and alligators/crocodiles.Most lay eggs.
BirdsPhysical Features1. Warm-blooded2. Covered with feathers3. Live on land, in trees, & on water4. Don’t have front legs5. Have wings6. Have short, soft feathers called downClassification Groups: Animal Kingdom,
VertebratesFacts: Birds have beaks. Most fly. Few live
in cold weather. They have hollow bones. Some have webbed feet.
MammalsPhysical Features:
1. Warm-blooded
2. Have hair/fur to keep warm
3. Breathe with lungs
4. Give birth to live young, lay eggs, or have babies in pouches (marsupials).
5. Feed or nurse their young (milk glands)
6. Can be carnivores (meat eaters), herbivores (plant eaters), or omnivores (plant/meat eaters)
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Vertebrates
Facts:
1. Keep steady body temperatures.
2. Some have fat/blubber to keep warm (whales).
3. We are mammals!
4. Temperature does not affect their activity levels.
SpongesPhysical Features:
1. Live in water.
2. Have no heads or faces.
3. Have small openings, or holes (for breathing).
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Invertebrates
Facts: Sponges are the simplest invertebrates. Most sponges in kitchens are artificial.
MollusksPhysical Features:1. Have soft bodies like worms.2. Have two body openings.3. Some have a mantel (hard protective
covering). A snail does; an octopus does not.4. Some have a strong muscular foot (not feet—
just one foot).Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom,
InvertebratesFacts: There are 3 types: snails, scallops, and
octopus. They are found in fresh/saltwater or on land.
Spiny-Skinned AnimalsPhysical Features:
1. Have spines that cover their bodies.
2. Have tube feet.
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Invertebrates
Facts: They live in oceans. They can pull off a scallop’s shell to eat the soft animal inside!
Hollow-Bodied AnimalsPhysical Features:
1. Have a hollow center lined with digestive cells.
2. Have tentacles with sting ray cells.
3. Have a mouth.
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Invertebrates
Facts: ERT find out characteristics of this animal group.
Flatworms & RoundwormsPhysical Features:1. They feed on other plants or animals
(parasites).2. Can be round or flat. Roundworms live in soil.
Flatworms live in salt/freshwater.3. Flatworms have one hole. Roundworms have
two.Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom,
InvertebratesFacts: They are more simple than segmented
worms. Tape worms can grow up to 72 feet!
Segmented WormsPhysical features:
1. Have two openings for digestion.
2. Have a segmented body.
3. Have a brain, heart, and blood.
Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom, Invertebrates
Facts: They are found in soil or fresh/saltwater.
ArthropodsPhysical Features:1. Have an exoskeleton.2. Have jointed legs.3. Have segmented bodies. 4. Most have eyes and feelers called antennas.Classification Groups: Animal Kingdom,
InvertebratesFacts: They live in fresh/saltwater or on land.
Insects, arachnids (spiders/ticks/scorpions), and crustaceans (lobsters/crabs/shrimps) are included in the Arthropod group.They are the largest animal group that exists.
insect
crabs
Ara
chnid
(tara
ntu
la)
Can you compare and contrast the 5 kingdoms?
Moneran Protist Fungus Plant AnimalOne-celledHas a nucleusmore complex than monera
Most aremany-celled
Many-celledVertebratesinvertebrates
Many-Celled2 mainGroupsVascularNon-vascular
Bacteria Paramecium
One-celled with no membrane
top related