extent of support for nationalism collapse of 1840s revolution

Start of 1848

At the start of 1848 it looked like a united Germany might be

achieved.

People from all groups in all states were taking action – and worrying

their leaders. So why did it ultimately fail?

Different aims

Although many people took part in protests, they did not all have the same

priorities.

The middle classes wanted political changes; the peasants demanded

social reforms.

Aims disagreement

Even amongst groups who agreed on the need for

political change there was disagreement

e.g. should a united Germany include Austria

or not?

Power of leaders

All the German states had control of their armies. This allowed them to control the

people.

The leaders of each state did not see any advantage for

them in a united Germany – there could only be one

leader.

Influence of Prussia

The Frankfurt Parliament needed the support of

Prussia – it had no army of its own.

Frederick William supported them for a

period but then changed his mind.

Documents