escwa workshop on migration statistics cairo, 30 june – 3 july 2009
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This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
Towards the implementation of the international
recommendations on migration statistics at
regional level: The MEDSTAT experience
ESCWA Workshop on Migration Statistics
Cairo, 30 June – 3 July 2009
G. Cantisani MEDSTAT II Key Expert
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
2
MEDSTAT I main activities and results
Context and objectives of MEDSTAT II
Main findings of Orientation Phase
Objectives and activities resulting from Orientation Phase
Further main activities defined during the Implementation Phase
Work program and implemented activities
General conclusions
Outline
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
3
(MED-Migr I, 1996 – 2003, in two phases)
Assessment and documentation of the legal framework and available statistics
Strengthening inter-institutional collaboration
Enhancement of systems of border cards and residence permits, including pilot works
A proposal for emigration modules in census / surveys
Three data collection exercises but no publication of data due to the limited availability and comparability
Intensive dissemination of documentation
MEDSTAT I main activities and results (1)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
4
MEDSTAT I main activities and results (2)
Action A Evaluation of various existing sources to explore possibility of building a regional statistical system
Action B Evaluation and enhancement of border card systems
Action C Evaluation and enhancement of work and residence permit systems
Action D Management, Co-ordination, Meetings and Events
Action E MED-Migr Data Collection
Action F Study visits to Ministries of Interior
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
5
Main output: 3 Eurostat Working Papers also widely referring to
other national experiences and international recommendations:
MEDSTAT Programme. Estimating emigration through an emigration module in the census. A proposal for the next censuses, by Reno Camilleri
MEDSTAT I Programme. Adapting border card systems in the Mediterranean region to measure international migration and international tourism: new initiatives and technical guidelines, by Jeannette Schoorl, in collaboration with Ibrahim Alì and Samir Farid
MEDSTAT Programme. Adapting residence and work permits registers in the Mediterranean region to measure international migration flows and stocks. Technical manual and guidelines, prepared by Jamal Bourchachen
MEDSTAT I main activities and results (3)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
6
Context and objectives of MEDSTAT II (1)
Main differences between MEDSTAT I and II
12 vs 10 countries, 6 vs 11 sectors
Completely different setting (separate projects for each sector vs thematic approach under a common umbrella, asking conciliation of programs and resources among statistical sectors and high coordination among involved actors)
More attention to results in the long term and a demand-driven approach, with deep involvement of NSIs in the strategic orientation and country tailored implementation processes
Focus on production, exchange, dissemination and final use of statistics, with attention to ownership and durability of activities, although no data collection through a common questionnaire either publications of results were planned for the Migration Sector only
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
7
Context and objectives of MEDSTAT II (2)
For the Migration Sector,what can be realistically reached during a
three year period, i.e. “contributing to the improvement of the sustainable capacity of the MED NSSs to upgrade the production of statistics on
migration”
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
8
Context and objectives of MEDSTAT II (2)
1.Strengthening the capacities to measure migration through the exploitation of residence / work permits systems
• Improvement of residence / work permits systems allowing a better use for statistical purposes
• Raising awareness within national actors and national cooperation• Transfer of competences and good practices within the Euro-MED
statistical system
2.Satisfying users’ needs by conducting surveys3.Ad hoc technical assistance
4.Horizontal activities • Development of synergies with the Social Statistics Sector or other
initiatives • Monitoring, programming and re-orientation of activities
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
9
Statistical sources
>Overall few annual statistics and low compliance with international recommendations
>Varying level of migration measurement in censuses and surveys, but some more exploitation in recent and forthcoming operations
>Migration surveys often depending from the availability of resources, prevalence of modules in general surveys
>Anyway infrequent operations, limitedly answering to all the requests and needs
Main findings of Orientation Phase (1)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
10
Administrative data
>Border cards (or border registration) widely used for statistics but with no relevance for migration
>Registers of residence permits as strongest systems on the whole, although some limitations and significant differences, anyway very limitedly used for statistics
>Other administrative sources differently developed and limitedly / not regularly used for (unofficial) statistics
>National partner agencies in overall ready for requests, sometimes needing resources upgrading
Main findings of Orientation Phase (2)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
11
Demand from users
>Increasing interest in migration, research undertaken to varying extents
>Main interest on emigration / nationals residing abroad, returning migration, foreign immigration
>Requests for statistics not enough satisfied; some criticism on lack of funding, fragmentation of activities, limitations in statistics and in the access to data of destination countries due to its high cost
>Strong demand of international collaboration and coordination
Main findings of Orientation Phase (3)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
12
Other main findings
>NSSs for migration not sufficiently coordinated, with national committees not existing / poorly operating
>Some lack of understanding about the usefulness and the practical implications for statistics
>NSIs strongly aiming to development, good level of potential cooperation in overall
>Some limited knowledge available from the past
>Recruitment / reallocation of NSIs staff often planned, with needs of training, information, technical advice, better equipment and communication means
Main findings of Orientation Phase (4)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
13
Objectives and activities resulting from Orientation Phase (1)
• Implementation of capacity building measures, normally based on varying sources and approaches, and therefore with varying activities, actions and achievements, depending on country
• Someway beyond the ToRs, trial statistical compilations based on new / improved administrative data, evaluation / access to data produced by other countries and joint works
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
14
A.Strengthening the capacity to produce migration statistics using administrative sources
B.Strengthening the capacity to implement migration modules in household surveys and censuses
C.Improving national collaboration and awareness
D.Improving data production, exchange of international data and joint works
E.Other training and assistance
Objectives and activities resulting from Orientation Phase (2)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
15
Preparation of a synthetised Guide on the Compilation of Migration Statistics in the Euro-MED Region(proposed from EUROSTAT as output of a regional training)
Development of Model Questionnaires for Household International Migration Surveys (MED-HIMS) to be undertaken in a number of MED countries outside MEDSTAT funding, possibly in a coordinated way(proposed from a regional workshop)
Further main activities defined during the Implementation Phase
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
16
Work Program and implemented activities
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
17
Work Program and implemented activities (2)
WKS/WS = Workshop / Work SessionTRC = Training Course
MQ = Model Questionnaires
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
18
Work Program and implemented activities (3)
WKS/WS = Workshop / Work SessionTRC = Training CourseMQ = Model Questionnaires
2008
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
19
NATIONAL COORDINATION
• Good responsiveness and cooperation in many countries but still remains the main challenge
• Several new national committee and meetings
• New successful relationships among national agencies in Lebanon and Morocco resulting in the first time elaboration of individual data
• Similar process openly tried in Egypt
• High expectation of developments in Jordan and Syria, with no follow-up at end due to different reasons
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
20
STUDY VISITS (1)
7 Study Visits in 7 EU Member States on different topics but always including national systems and use of administrative data
• Egypt to Italy • Jordan to Italy• Lebanon to Italy / Belgium • Palestinian Authority to Hungary• Maghreb countries jointly to France• Israel to Netherlands / Finland• Morocco and Syria to Spain
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
21
STUDY VISITS (2)
• Sometimes time-consuming organisation but generally well appreciated
• In some cases ending with the definition of pilot / new work, improvement of previous plans or suggestions for bilateral cooperation
• Useful for inter-institutional collaboration
• Sometimes also useful for strengthening the relationships of national agencies in the host countries
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
22
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
• 14 missions in 6 countries (Syria, Lebanon (2), Jordan (4), Egypt (4) , Palestine (2) and Morocco) for supporting the national awareness and coordination, programming of activities, use of administrative data, migration modules and proposals of migration surveys
• Assistance from home, including the proposal of a set of priority tables based on administrative data
• Wide implication of Short-Term Experts (11+2)
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
23
MAIN ACTIVITIES IN COUNTRIES (1)
• Egypt: extension of electronic registration of data + new tables based on administrative data
• Jordan: inventory of sources + discussion towards a survey on immigration +
• Israel: moves towards the conception of a “Dual Record System” for both national and intern. needs
• Lebanon: migration module for MICS 3 + pilot work on the use of individual data from border crossing
• Morocco: exploitation of individual data from residence permits
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
24
MAIN ACTIVITIES IN THE COUNTRIES (2)
• Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Syria: new national committees and working groups
• Egypt, Jordan, Palestine and Syria: proposals of similar migration surveys
• Somewhere less activities than expected, mostly due to the conduction of censuses, limited absorption capacity, staff turnover and reorganisation, lack of effective cooperation among partner agencies, depending on country
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
25
INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS (1)
•2 task force meetings
•2 regional training courses on concepts, definitions and methods for migration statistics and measurement of remittances
•3 regional workshops, 2 of which on Model Questionnaires
•2 Joint UNECE / EUROSTAT Work Sessions, Suitland Working Group, other meetings
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
26
INTERNATIONAL MEETINGS (2)
• Useful to improve the awareness on migration statistics, the knowledge of methods, exchange of practices and recent initiatives at international/global level (Suitland WG, GFMD, CDG Commission on Int. Migration Data, EC Migration Profiles, …)
• Direct contribution to international frameworks (e.g. paper on methodologies for the estimation of stocks of irregular migrants for the UNECE / EUROSTAT WS)
• MEDSTAT II events useful for discussing activities and future plans of the MPCs and establishing synergies, with very informative final reports
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
27
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE REGIONAL WORKSHOP 2008 (1)
1.Directly cover illegal migration and circular migration through future workshops and guidance
2.Draft guidelines / technical manual on transfers taking into account all available experiences
3.Countries to check consistency and up-date data on research databases
4.Consider up-dating the Statistics in Focus produced by Eurostat in 1998 (based on the EU MS data)
5.Keep informed through the website, workshops, etc., of relevant international activities, projects and developments
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
28
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE REGIONAL WORKSHOP 2008 (2)
6.Countries consider any proposal for technical assistance and look for synergy and reference to good practices
7.Keep informed of progress on the Lebanon pilot and publish its final (or partial) report
8.Possibly provide technical assistance to other MPCs wishing to test a similar process
9.Keep informed of progress on work on permits in Morocco and publish results / short manual
10.Continue to enhance cooperation among national agencies and inform of the reasons behind proposed changes/tests
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
29
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE REGIONAL WORKSHOP 2008 (3)
11.Document and publish the use of modules and surveys to measure actual / intended emigration and return migration, eventually including the EU, and any validation/quality work
12.Depending on resources, provide assistance to MPCs on surveys beyond the preparation of project documents for migration surveys
13.Develop a core model questionnaire for a specialized migration survey for the Region, to be tested in one or two countries
14.Publish results of any pilot work on a specialized migration survey or tests
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
30
OTHER ACTIVITIES AT REGIONAL OR CENTRAL LEVEL
• Sector Report
• Guide on the compilation of migration statistics
• Model Questionnaires
• Final Publication
• Translation of documents
• Diffusion of documents on CIRCA
• Facilitation of data requests
• Synergies with ESCWA, World Bank, EUI/CARIM and other institutions and initiatives
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
31
Conclusions (1)
• Some too heavy and time consuming administrative procedures with the EC and consultation processes with MED-countries and different institutions and initiatives
• Good context of dialogue and exchange of information among MED-countries and with other countries / frameworks, stressing on the opportunity to apply common criteria in the statistical production
• Continuous and useful support from the EC / EUROSTAT, ESCWA, other international institutions and initiatives and the NSIs of selected EU Member States
• A favorable timetable of international frameworks
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
32
Conclusions (2)
• Few but significant and varied activities at country level, also beyond the initial mandate, with good hopes for consolidation of work and for reproduction in other countries
• The challenging but unique joint exercise of Model Questionnaires for migration surveys
• The push to invent, to play on the available data sources (“Do it yourself!”) as well as and to satisfy the different recommendations (e.g. CGD Commission on International Migration Data for Development Research), all asking relatively few cost
This project is funded by the European Union
MEDSTAT II Lot 2 Euro-Mediterranean Statistical Co-operation
33
THANK YOU!
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