Rural-to-Urban Labor Rural-to-Urban Labor Migration: A Study of Migration: A Study of

Upper Egyptian Laborers Upper Egyptian Laborers in Cairoin Cairo

Rural-to-Urban Labor Rural-to-Urban Labor Migration: A Study of Migration: A Study of

Upper Egyptian Laborers Upper Egyptian Laborers in Cairoin Cairo

ByByAyman ZohryAyman Zohry

Objectives

Exploring a common strategy chosen by a certain category of young rural men in Upper Egypt who face limited economic opportunities in their villages – that is, rural-to-urban migration (circulation).

Objectives1. Processes of rural–urban

migration in Egypt2. Living and working conditions

of the migrants3. Impact of rural–urban

migration on demographic behavior

4. Economic aspects of rural–urban migration

Data and Methods In Destination:• The Questionnaire (242)• In-depth interviews (20)• Home (residence) visits• Interviewing employers• Interviewing similar groups in

Destinations• Observation

Data and Methods The Questionnaire:• Background information:• Reasons for migration:• Information about work:• Information about living conditions in places

of origin and destination:• Information about income and its disposal:• Information about family:• Information about the new national projects: • Plans for the future:

Data and Methods In Origin:• Village (origin) fieldwork• Interviewing and

observing the left-behind family members

• Interviewing and observing non-migrant families

Data and Methods Village questions• What factors help to explain who

migrates and who does not?• What are the roles of family and

social networks in conditioning the migration process and in keeping contact with migrants in Cairo?

• How are remittances used?• What do migrants do when they

return?• What are the main demographic

and economic contrasts between migrant and non-migrant households?

Findings

• Migration and modernization in Egypt

• Rural-Urban Migration in Egypt

• Typology of Upper Egyptian movements to Cairo

The Migrants

• Who are the migrants?• Why do they migrate?• Rural knowledge of the

town

Work

• Work search• Work characteristics of

migrants • Work dynamics • Occupational safety

Living Conditions

• Living conditions in the village of origin

• Living conditions in Cairo • Urban–rural linkages • The mechanism of

remittance use and allocation

Family, Population Issues

• Migration and fertility• Current fertility and

fertility preferences of respondents

• Child labor and children's education

Plans for the future

Conclusions

Available online at http://zohry.com/thesis/

Rural-to-Urban Labor Rural-to-Urban Labor Migration: A Study of Migration: A Study of

Upper Egyptian Laborers Upper Egyptian Laborers in Cairoin Cairo

Rural-to-Urban Labor Rural-to-Urban Labor Migration: A Study of Migration: A Study of

Upper Egyptian Laborers Upper Egyptian Laborers in Cairoin Cairo

ByByAyman ZohryAyman Zohry

Full text available atFull text available at http://www.zohry.com/thesis