effective public speaking

Effective Public SpeakingEffective Public Speaking By – N.G.PalitBy – N.G.Palit

What is Public Speaking?What is Public Speaking?

Public speaking is the Public speaking is the

process of speaking process of speaking

to a group of people to a group of people in a in a

structured and deliberate structured and deliberate

manner manner to inform, influence or to inform, influence or

entertain the listenersentertain the listeners..

””Great speakers are not born,Great speakers are not born,

they are trained.”they are trained.”

Presenting is a skillPresenting is a skill, and can be , and can be

developed through training anddeveloped through training and

experience.experience.

Presentation SkillsPresentation Skills

””A good presentationA good presentation

is the single mostis the single most

effective tool any effective tool any

organization can organization can

have.”have.”

- John Detz- John Detz

WhyWhy

Public Speaking?Public Speaking?

WHAT IS WHAT IS

A PRESENTATION?A PRESENTATION?

FUNDAMENTA

LBUSINESS

TOOL REFLECTS COMPANY’

S• IMAGE•VALUE SYSTEM

•VISION

BASIS OF RELATIONSHIP WITH CLIENTS

Aim of PresentationAim of Presentation??

1. To inform1. To inform

2. Inspire or persuade 2. Inspire or persuade

3. To communicate views3. To communicate views

4. To educate4. To educate

1. To Inform1. To Inform

Presentations offer ideal opportunities toPresentations offer ideal opportunities to

inform others about any progress, newinform others about any progress, new

developments, announcements, newdevelopments, announcements, new

products or market opportunities etc.products or market opportunities etc.

2. To Persuade2. To Persuade

A persuasive speech works to convinceA persuasive speech works to convince

people to change or do something or topeople to change or do something or to

start doing what they are not currently start doing what they are not currently

doing. doing.

3. To communicate views3. To communicate views

Emphasis is not on transmissionEmphasis is not on transmission

but on reception and but on reception and

understanding by audience, understanding by audience,

so that: -so that: -

YOUR MESSAGE IS UNDERSTOOD, REMEMBERED AND ACTED UPON!

YOUR MESSAGE IS UNDERSTOOD, REMEMBERED AND ACTED UPON!

4. To Educate4. To Educate

Properly designed Properly designed

presentation can bepresentation can be

used as a greatused as a great

educational tool.educational tool.

It can serve to It can serve to

educate and educate and

motivate people.motivate people.

Effective public speaking is INFLUENCE.

Influence is LEADERSHIP.

Leadership isBEING DIFFERENT AND

SUCCESSFUL.

Being different and successful isMAKING A POSITIVE

CONTRUBUTION.

Making a posit ive contribution isCREATING AN IMPACT.

Because --Because --

A small A small STEPSTEP

can make can make

A A BIG BIG

DIFFERENCEDIFFERENCE

Boring PresentationBoring Presentation

Common causes of Ineffective Common causes of Ineffective PresentationPresentation

Failure to motivate theFailure to motivate the

audience.audience.

Confusing structureConfusing structure

Excessive detailsExcessive details

Poorly designed slidesPoorly designed slides

Effective PresentationEffective Presentation

Effective presentation involves four keyEffective presentation involves four key

components:components:

1. 1. The SituationThe Situation

It involves finding the purpose, occasion,It involves finding the purpose, occasion,

and environment in which theand environment in which the

presentation is made.presentation is made.

Effective PresentationEffective Presentation

2. 2. The AudienceThe Audience

IdentifyIdentify

Who will be my audience, what are their Who will be my audience, what are their

needs and expectations.needs and expectations.

What is their knowledge about the topic?What is their knowledge about the topic?

Then, try to exceed their expectations. Then, try to exceed their expectations.

Effective PresentationEffective Presentation

3. 3. The SpeakerThe Speaker Understanding, Understanding,

controlling and controlling and

conquering your fears conquering your fears

and developing a and developing a

unique presentation style.unique presentation style.

Effective PresentationEffective Presentation

44. . The PresentationThe Presentation

a) Deciding its goals and objectives.a) Deciding its goals and objectives.

b) Then, planning and preparing.b) Then, planning and preparing.

c) Finally, developing an impressive c) Finally, developing an impressive

presentation.presentation.

Public Speaking Public Speaking

Is A Is A

Show BusinessShow Business

Maxim No - 1Maxim No - 1

Follow Follow ”The Jolson Principle”, ”The Jolson Principle”, which is:which is:

1. Give the audience what they want.1. Give the audience what they want.

2. Give them something more.2. Give them something more.

3. Leave them wanting more.3. Leave them wanting more.

Maxim No -2Maxim No -2

” ” Your Audience Don’t Care --- ”Your Audience Don’t Care --- ”

It is true that your audience don’t careIt is true that your audience don’t care

about you.about you.

They care only about themselves.They care only about themselves.

So, remember to give them So, remember to give them

what they wantwhat they want..

Phases of PresentationPhases of Presentation

Three components of a good presentationThree components of a good presentation

are:are:

1. 1. The Planning PhaseThe Planning Phase::

Develop main pointsDevelop main points

22. The Preparation Phase. The Preparation Phase::

Structure your presentationStructure your presentation

3. 3. The Delivery PhaseThe Delivery Phase::

This involves your personal styThis involves your personal stylele

Collect material on the topicCollect material on the topic

PlanningPlanning

Decide in advanceDecide in advance::

Purpose of the presentation?Purpose of the presentation?

Who will be attending?Who will be attending?

Audience’s knowledge about the topic?Audience’s knowledge about the topic?

What is the venue?What is the venue?

What is the total time allotted?What is the total time allotted?

PreparationPreparation

AA) Subject of presentation:) Subject of presentation:

Decide in advance your Decide in advance your

message or subject of message or subject of

talktalk

Have a strong convictionHave a strong conviction

on what you want to talk.on what you want to talk.

PreparationPreparation

BB). ). Organize your points logically:Organize your points logically: Structure your outline into a Structure your outline into a

”presentable”presentable” format.” format.

Follow Follow ” The Universal Speaker’s Law”” The Universal Speaker’s Law”

which says:which says:

1. 1. Tell them what you are going to tellTell them what you are going to tell

2. 2. ThenThen, Tell them., Tell them.

3. 3. At the end, At the end, Tell them what you have Tell them what you have

told them.told them.

A suggested Model for presentation

PREVIEWPREVIEWTell them

what you are going to tell them (Introduction)

THE VIEWTHE VIEW Tell them

(Body of your talk)

REVIEWREVIEW Tell them

what you told them (Your summary)

PresentationPresentation

Every presentation should have:Every presentation should have:

1. 1. An introductionAn introduction::

A good attention gettingA good attention getting

opener.opener.

2. 2. A bodyA body: : A brief summary of the topic.A brief summary of the topic.

PresentationPresentation

3. 3. A conclution:A conclution: The conclution should include a The conclution should include a

dynamite, thought-provokingdynamite, thought-provoking

closure closure following a brief summary of following a brief summary of

what you told them.what you told them.

Rehearse in privateRehearse in private

Follow the principle of Follow the principle of three Psthree Ps::

Practice, Practice, PracticePractice, Practice, Practice..

Because Because practice makes a practice makes a

person perfect.person perfect.

Preparation & PracticePreparation & Practice

Thorough preparationThorough preparation

Plenty of practicePlenty of practice

PracticePractice

Do this in front of a mirrorDo this in front of a mirror

or in front of a friendor in front of a friend

or get a video recordingor get a video recording

and and view it view it criticallycritically

Things that need Things that need PracticePractice

Your SmileYour Smile

GesturesGestures

Head & EyesHead & Eyes

SinceritySincerity

Keep notes to a minimumKeep notes to a minimum

If necessary, use If necessary, use ’Index Cards.’’Index Cards.’

Jot down main points on a set ofJot down main points on a set of

””Index Cards”Index Cards”

It will serve as a It will serve as a memory joggmemory jogger er for thefor the

actual presentation.actual presentation.

WhyWhy

FearFear

Public Speaking?Public Speaking?

Conquer NervousnessConquer Nervousness

Try to conquer nervousnessTry to conquer nervousness

Try to minimize your stage Try to minimize your stage

fear.fear.

Take deep breath and try toTake deep breath and try to

relax. If required, sip a little relax. If required, sip a little

water. water.

Before going to the stage, remind yourselfBefore going to the stage, remind yourself

””I can do it.”I can do it.”

Try to conquer nervousnessTry to conquer nervousness

Concentrate on the topic andConcentrate on the topic and

not on the audience.not on the audience.

Remember, even the best Remember, even the best

presenters make mistakes.presenters make mistakes.

” ”The Winners continue,The Winners continue,

while the Losers stop.”while the Losers stop.”

Don’t Be AfraidDon’t Be Afraid

Sometimes audience maySometimes audience may

seem intimidatingseem intimidating..

But, always rememberBut, always remember

that they are also peoplethat they are also people

like you.like you.

Imagine that you are Imagine that you are

addressing your friends.addressing your friends.

The DeliveryThe Delivery

Here are a fewHere are a few

guidelines forguidelines for

an effective an effective

delivery of presentation.delivery of presentation.

Build RapportBuild Rapport

””The key to effective public speaking The key to effective public speaking

is to manage the relationship betweenis to manage the relationship between

yourself and the audienceyourself and the audience, so that a, so that a

good rapport is developed with them.good rapport is developed with them.””

Build RapportBuild Rapport

Shake hands with a few audienceShake hands with a few audience

Mingle, learn names.Mingle, learn names.

Try to create good first Try to create good first

impressionimpression..

Remember, people listen Remember, people listen

to people they like.to people they like.

Delivering Speech - BeginningDelivering Speech - Beginning

Walk Calmly with ConfidenceWalk Calmly with Confidence

Establish Eye Contact.Establish Eye Contact.

Smile NaturallySmile Naturally

Deliver IntroductionDeliver Introduction

IntroductionIntroduction

Start with a good Start with a good

attention-getter.attention-getter.

A good presentation startsA good presentation starts

with a introduction and with a introduction and an an

ice-breaker, such as a story or aice-breaker, such as a story or a

suitable quotation.suitable quotation.

Begin with a Bang! Begin with a Bang!

Your Opening should grab your audiences attention.

Start with a Story

A well told story is interesting and captures audience attention straight away.

Body of PresentationBody of Presentation

Cover the subject in logical order.Cover the subject in logical order.

Use ’KISS’ methodUse ’KISS’ method (Keep It Short & (Keep It Short &

Simple)Simple)

Use short and simple words & sentences.Use short and simple words & sentences.

Repeat important points for better clarity.Repeat important points for better clarity.

Use visuals/ graphs/ charts, whereverUse visuals/ graphs/ charts, wherever

possible.possible.

Body of PresentationBody of Presentation

The Voice:The Voice:

The voice is probably the The voice is probably the

most valuable tool of the most valuable tool of the

presenter.presenter.

The voice should not be too fast or tooThe voice should not be too fast or too

high or too soft.high or too soft.

PresentationPresentation

Volume:Volume:

Good speakers lower their voice toGood speakers lower their voice to

draw the attention of the audience,draw the attention of the audience,

and raise it and raise it

to make a point.to make a point.

Vocal QualitiesVocal Qualities

2. Tone:2. Tone:

The tone of voice gives evidence of yourThe tone of voice gives evidence of your

feelings.feelings.

Modulate your tone to avoid monotonyModulate your tone to avoid monotony..

3. Pace3. Pace: :

Vary your voice, to maintain audience’sVary your voice, to maintain audience’s

interest.interest.

* Emphasize a point by slowing down* Emphasize a point by slowing down..

PresentationPresentation

Eye Contact:Eye Contact:

Maintain maximum eyeMaintain maximum eye

contact. contact. This conveys This conveys

interest, concern and interest, concern and

warmth.warmth.

PresentationPresentation

Facial ExpressionsFacial Expressions::

Smiling is a powerful tool.Smiling is a powerful tool.

It transmits happiness, It transmits happiness,

warmth, friendliness andwarmth, friendliness and

liking.liking.

It makes your audience more It makes your audience more

comfortable, and they will like to listen comfortable, and they will like to listen

to you more.to you more.

PresentationPresentation

Gesture:Gesture:

Gestures used while speaking Gestures used while speaking

capture the attention andcapture the attention and

makes the presentation moremakes the presentation more

interesting.interesting.

Express your emotions with the help Express your emotions with the help

of gestures.of gestures.

PresentationPresentation

Posture & Body LangaugePosture & Body Langauge::

Keep your posture relaxed. Keep your posture relaxed.

We also communicate by theWe also communicate by the

way we talk and move.way we talk and move.

Maintain good posture.Maintain good posture.

Enhance Body ImageEnhance Body Image

Analyze your stance.Analyze your stance.

Improve your stance.Improve your stance.

PRACTICAL TIPSPRACTICAL TIPS•Make sure your body language reflects whatMake sure your body language reflects what you are saying. you are saying. •Learn to relax your facial muscles and smile. Learn to relax your facial muscles and smile. •Always wear comfortable shoes when Always wear comfortable shoes when presenting. presenting.

Personal AppearancePersonal Appearance

Study yourself in the mirror.Study yourself in the mirror.

Dress appropriatelyDress appropriately..

Make an impression.Make an impression.

Summarize & ConcludeSummarize & Conclude

At the end:At the end:

Summarize, what you have told.Summarize, what you have told.

Finish with a flourish & on a positive Finish with a flourish & on a positive

note.note.

Close on a positive note.Close on a positive note.

Call for action pointsCall for action points

Summarize & ConcludeSummarize & Conclude

Do a quick summary, then Do a quick summary, then

have a closure ready to wrap have a closure ready to wrap

up things.up things.

At the end, thank the audience At the end, thank the audience

for being attentive.for being attentive.

Delivering Speech -EndingDelivering Speech -Ending

””Frame” the SpeechFrame” the Speech

Pause before Returning toPause before Returning to

Seat.Seat.

Accept Applause GracioAccept Applause Graciouslyusly

The golden rule for speakersThe golden rule for speakers

1. Keep the presentation 1. Keep the presentation

short enough to createshort enough to create

interest and long interest and long

enough to cover the enough to cover the

subject.subject.

The golden rule for speakersThe golden rule for speakers

Tell the audience, Tell the audience,

What you are going to What you are going to

tell them.tell them.

- Set the tone- Set the tone

- Capture audience’s- Capture audience’s

attention.attention.

- Build rapport.- Build rapport.

- Tailor your opener as per your audience - Tailor your opener as per your audience

The Body of the Presentation The Body of the Presentation

TellTell (Body of presentation) (Body of presentation)

Now is the time to deliverNow is the time to deliver

your whole presentationyour whole presentation,,

to the group, using all theto the group, using all the

techniques we have techniques we have

discussed.discussed.

Organizing - The CloseOrganizing - The Close

””Tell them what youTell them what you

have told them”have told them” - Summarize message.- Summarize message.

- Repeat key points- Repeat key points

- Ask for action.- Ask for action.

- End with a positive note- End with a positive note

Create a Compelling Closing

Create a Compelling Closing

Summarize Your Key Points

The Three Presentation EssentialThe Three Presentation Essential

1. Use Visual Aid, wherever possible.1. Use Visual Aid, wherever possible.

2. Rehearse, Rehearse & Rehearse2. Rehearse, Rehearse & Rehearse

” ” If you fail to prepare, you are If you fail to prepare, you are

prepared to fail.”prepared to fail.”

3. Rehearse against clock.3. Rehearse against clock.

4. Memorize your script.4. Memorize your script.

Things one should doThings one should do

Eye contactEye contact

Appropriate gesturesAppropriate gestures

Glancing at your notesGlancing at your notes

Rhetorical questions Rhetorical questions

to involve audienceto involve audience

Things one shouldn’t doThings one shouldn’t do

Read directly from notesRead directly from notes..

Read directly from screen.Read directly from screen.

Turn back on the audience.Turn back on the audience.

Keeping hands in the pocketKeeping hands in the pocket

for a long time.for a long time.

No nervous gestures.No nervous gestures.

No ’um’, ’ah’, ’you know’ etc.No ’um’, ’ah’, ’you know’ etc.

Talk too fastTalk too fast

Talk too quietlyTalk too quietly

Why Visuals?Why Visuals?

Visuals are powerful tools Visuals are powerful tools

because they:because they:

Increase understanding.Increase understanding.

Save time.Save time.

Enhance attention.Enhance attention.

Help control nervousnessHelp control nervousness

Creating Effective Visual AidsCreating Effective Visual Aids

Content:Content:

If it does not add value, don’t use it.If it does not add value, don’t use it.

UnveilingUnveiling::

ThinkThink, is it useful or necessary?, is it useful or necessary?

Colour:Colour:

Know your room and lightingKnow your room and lighting

Dark room Dark room – use light font on dark background– use light font on dark background

Bright room Bright room – – use dark font on light backgrounduse dark font on light background

Visual AidsVisual Aids

Enhancing Enhancing understandingunderstanding

Add varietyAdd variety

Support claimsSupport claims

Lasting impactsLasting impacts

Visual AidsVisual Aids

Visual Aid ShouldVisual Aid Should

Outline, explain and support main poinOutline, explain and support main points.ts.

Serve audience’s needs, not speaker’s.Serve audience’s needs, not speaker’s.

Be simple and cleaBe simple and clear.r.

Supplement and support.Supplement and support.

Never Never DOMINATEDOMINATE the presentation. the presentation.

Tips on Visual AidsTips on Visual Aids

Are visual aids easy to read and easyAre visual aids easy to read and easy

to understand?to understand?

Can they be easily seen from all areasCan they be easily seen from all areas

of the room?of the room?

Design the ’Look’ of your Design the ’Look’ of your presentationpresentation

Do not use more than 7 lines on anyDo not use more than 7 lines on any

page and not more than 7 words perpage and not more than 7 words per

line. ( This is called Rule – 77).line. ( This is called Rule – 77).

Use bright and bold colours, but not red.Use bright and bold colours, but not red.

Red colour should be used to highlightRed colour should be used to highlight

any important poinany important point.t.

How to Get Better How to Get Better

Keep practicing and getting feedback about your performance.

The more you practice, the more confident and comfortable you’ll be on stage.

Tips & Techniques for a good Tips & Techniques for a good presentationpresentation

Speak clearly and loudly enough for allSpeak clearly and loudly enough for all

to hearto hear..

Don’t speak in monotone voice.Don’t speak in monotone voice.

Speak to the audience, not to the charts.Speak to the audience, not to the charts.

Don’t stand between the audience and Don’t stand between the audience and

the visuals.the visuals.

Don’t lean on the podium or the table forDon’t lean on the podium or the table for

periods.periods.

Tips & Techniques for a Tips & Techniques for a good presentation good presentation

Don’t put both your hands in pocket. ThisDon’t put both your hands in pocket. This

makes you look unprofessional.makes you look unprofessional.

Circulate around the room as you speak.Circulate around the room as you speak.

This movement brings physical closenessThis movement brings physical closeness

to the audience.to the audience.

It is better to finish slightly early than to It is better to finish slightly early than to

over run.over run.

Tips & Techniques Tips & Techniques

Do not leave visual aids on, too longDo not leave visual aids on, too long..

Do not rush through, as if you are in a Do not rush through, as if you are in a

hurry.hurry.

Involve members by asking themInvolve members by asking them

questions.questions.

Be honest with the audience.Be honest with the audience.

Handle questions at the endHandle questions at the end..

We heartily welcome We heartily welcome

your views, Queries and your views, Queries and

applause!!!applause!!!

Any Question?Any Question?

At The EndAt The End

Please send your valuable feed-backPlease send your valuable feed-back

to the following address:to the following address:

nandapalit@yahoo.co.innandapalit@yahoo.co.in

OROR

Call: 91 9949118910Call: 91 9949118910