effect of narrow opener geometry on lateral surface soil movement and implications for no-till...
Post on 14-Dec-2014
366 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Effect of narrow opener geometry on
lateral surface soil movement and
implications for no-till seeding
Barbara Hardy Institute – Agricultural Machinery Research and Design, University of South Australia
2011
A. A. Solhjou, J. Fielke and J. Desbiolles
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTIntroduction
Tined no-till opener
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTExcessive soil disturbance
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISST
Excessive soil disturbance by tined no-till openers leads to increased:•Depth of soil cover on alternate furrows•Pre- emergent herbicide contamination above the seed zone•Weed seed germination•Soil moisture loss
Problems of excessive soil disturbance
Poor seed germination
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTMaterial and Methods
•A flat narrow point opener•Experimental design: randomized complete block design with n= 4 rep.•Treatments:Rake angles: 35°, 53°, 72° and 90°•Forward speed (v) : 8.2 km/h•Work depth (d): 120 mm
•Commercial bent leg opener•V= 8.2 km/h and d= 120 mm- n=2
Bent leg opener
Flat opener
1
2
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTRake angle
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracers location before tillage
15
Ver
tica
l int
erva
l (m
m)
0
90
75
450
0
30 -30
50
100
10 20 -20 -10
0
-2 -1 3
2
-3
30
60
1
Lateral interval (mm)
105
120
-6 -4 -5 5
4
6
120 90 60 -120 -90 -60
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTX-Y-Z digitising frame
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTLaser soil profile meter
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTMeasuring bottom soil profile with laser
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
90°
35°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations- n=4
α= 35°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations- n=4
α= 53°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations- n=4
α= 72°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations- n=4
α= 90°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations - n= 2 (commercial bent leg opener)
Bent leg
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTResults
1. Opener geometry strongly affects on patterns of surface soil movement.
2. Flat opener rake angles clear pre-emergent
herbicide above seed zone. However, these rake angles move pre-emergent herbicide onto the adjacent furrow.
3. Bent leg opener reduces soil movement on the
adjacent furrow (uniform seed germination).
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTResults
4. Bent leg opener reduces lateral surface soil movement (pre- emergent herbicide) into adjacent furrow compare to flat openers (crop safety).
Thank you
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISST
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTCommercial bent leg opener
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTEffect of rake angle on average lateral tracer movement
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage
Cross section of soil profile and tracer locations - n= 2 (commercial bent leg opener)
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTEffect of rake angle on soil failure in the front of openers
35° 90°
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTTracer locations after tillage for
opener rake angle of 90° and commercial bent leg opener
α= 90°
Bent leg
Institute for Sustainable Systems and Technologies
ISSTEffect of rake angle on average lateral tracer movement
top related