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Eastern Religions

Hinduism 11. Geography2. Muslim Populations3. Prehistory4. The Aryan “Invasion”

Gold and White

geography

1

Bharat

Bharata means ‘to be maintained’ (Sanskrit)

Hindiand

Englishare bothofficial

languages

The Hindi name for India is

BharataMata:

MotherIndia

The Indian Ocean

Indiais in

SouthAsia

The Subcontinent

The Himalayas

The world’s highest mountain range with the tallest mountain being Mt. Everest at over 29,000 ft.

bordered on the north by

Holy MotherThe Tibetans call Mt. Everest the

One view of Mt. Everest (Chomolungma) from Tibet

Everest

Everest

REVIEW A

The Himalayas traditionally formed a natural barrier between India and China.

British India through 1947

India gainedits

independencefrom

Great Britainin 1947.

It was dividedup into

multiplecountries:Pakistan,

Nepal,Bhutan,

and East Pakistan.

East Pakistan became Bangladesh as the result of a war in 1971.

South AsiaIndia 1.3 b.

Pakistan185 m.

Bangladesh160 m.

Afghanistan32 m.

Nepal28 m.

Sri Lanka20 m.

Bhutan.8 m.

Maldives.4 m.

over 1.7 billion people totalThe official religion of Pakistan and Bangladesh is Islam.

world bank population data

REVIEW B

Muslim populations

2

What countries have the highest Muslim Population in the world?

1st: Indonesia

HinduismBuddhismIslam

Downtown Jakarta on the island of Java in IndonesiaThe National Monument or Monas (front)

HinduismBuddhismIslam

The Goddess Mother Earth: Ibu Pertiwi (Prithvi in Sanskrit) at the National Monument (Monas)

Saraswati

Acintya:The SupremeInconceivable

God(Brahman)

HinduismBuddhismIslam

Hindu Temple in Bali, Indonesia

HinduismBuddhismIslam

Borabudor: Ancient Buddhist Temple (9th Century) near Jogjakarta, Indonesia

HinduismBuddhismIslam

HinduismBuddhismIslam

HinduismBuddhismIslam

Istiqlal Mosque in Jakarta, Indonesia

HinduismBuddhismIslam

Istiqlal Mosque courtyard in Jakarta, Indonesia

2nd : Pakistan

Pakistan

Wazir Khan Mosque courtyard in Lahore (Punjab region)

3rd: India

India

Jama Mosque in Old Delhi, India

4th: Bangladesh

Bangladesh

Mosque in Dhaka, Bangladesh

REVIEW C

prehistory: waves of migration

3

Question: Who was living on The Subcontinent when it

drifted into the Asian plate?

Answer: No one

The Subcontinentcollided with

the rest of Asiaabout

50 MILLIONyears ago

Human beingsdidn’t exist then.

Human beingsbegan migrating

out of Africaabout

70 THOUSANDyears ago.

Negritosover 2000 ethnicities

in India

The 1st wave of migration into India

Ongetribe

Jarawa tribe Paniyan Tribe

60 kya

Austro-AsiansThe 2nd Wave

Bonda

Munda 10 kya

Dravidians

Elam

Brahuitribe

chief in 1910

The 3rd Wave

5 kya

upcoming “Ponar Sankar”

Yogaswami

singer M.I.A.Jeeva, actor

South India

REVIEW D

the Aryan “invasion”

4

The 4th Wave3.5 kya

Aryans

NOMADIC

began entering South Asia around 1750BC

Arya

The Sanskrit term Arya is usually translated as “noble”

Ruling Classes

Sanskrit

Sacred language of India

Vedas

The foundational holy texts of the Aryaand the foundation of Hinduism.

Sanatana Dharma: The Eternal Truth

The Aryans originally settled in the Valley of the Seven RiversSapta Sindu (Sanskrit for ‘Seven Rivers’)

“Hapta Hindu” (Avestan-in Iran)

Indus River

REVIEW E

North India

The Indo-Aryan heartland was the Indo-Gangetic Plain in Northern India,where the Indus and Ganges are the main rivers.

The Aryans then pushed eastward along the Ganges River, so that they dominated

Vindhya Mountain Range

Who were these Aryans? Follow the trail: linguistically.PROTO-INDO-EUROPEAN (PIE) PEOPLE & LANGUAGE

IE FAMILY OF LANGUAGES

Max Müller:19th-c German philologist and Orientalist

Note: ‘Iran’ and ‘Aryan’ come from the same PIE root word.

Today, the most widely accepted theory says that

The Indo-European peoples spread out from an area north of the

BLACK and CASPIAN SEAS

The Indo-European peoples spread out from an area north of the

BLACK and CASPIAN SEAS

REVIEW F