early christian and byzantine art vocabulary

Early Christian and Byzantine Art Vocabulary

• Catacomb: Cubicula• Synagogue• Basilica• Evangelists• Nave• Apse• Buttress • Putto/Putti• Catacomb• Orant• Sarcophagus• Narthex• Transept

• Codex• Illuminated Manuscript• Parchment/vellum• Chalice/patten• Pendentives• Icons• Iconoclasts/iconophiles• Chi-rho

Judaic, Synagogue at Dura Europos, Syria, 244-245 CE

The Exodus from Egypt

Roman Catacombs,

Late RomanEarly 4th century

Early Christian, Three Hebrew Youths in the Fiery Furnace, Early 3rd Century, Catacomb of Pricilla, Rome

Early Christian, Catacomb of Ss. Peter and Marcelinus, Rome, 4th century

Early Christian, Sarcophagus of Maria Antigua, 270

Relief detail from a marble sarcophagus of a vintage scene, ca. 3rd century, Rome

Early Christian, Good Shepherd, late 3rd century, Rome

Early Christian, Old Saint Peter’s, Rome, ca. 320

• Narthex• Transept• aisles

Late Roman, Aula Palatina, Trier, Germany, 4th cent.

•Nave•Apse

Early Christian, Santa Sabina, Interior, Rome, 422-32

Christ as Good Shepherd, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425

Martyrdom of St. Lawrence, Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, Ravenna, Italy, ca. 425

Santa Costanza, Rome, ca. 337-351

Elevation and Plan, Santa Costanza

• Central Plan• Greek cross

Early Byzantine, Hagia Sophia, Constantinople, 532-537

Anthemius of Tralles and Isidorus of Miletus

Pendentives

San Vitale, Ravenna, 526-47

Early Byzantine, San Vitale, Apse View, Ravenna, 526-47

Early Byzantine, Justinian and his Courtiers, San Vitale, 547

Early Byzantine, Theodora and her Courtiers, San Vitale, 547

Early Byzantine, Virgin Enthroned with Saints Icon,

6th century

• Icon• Tempera• Theotokos• Hieratic

Iconoclasm

726-843

Middle Byzantine,Virgin and Child

(Theotokos), Hagia Sophia, 867

Church of the Dormition, Nicaea, Greece, restored, 787

Christ as Pantocrator, church of the

Dormition, Daphni, Greece, ca. 1090-1100

Pantocrator, Church of the Dormition, Daphni, Greece, ca. 1100

Middle Byzantine, The Lamentation, Saint Pantaleimon, Macedonia, 1164

Virgin and Child (Theotokos), late

11th-early12th century, Russia

• Virgin of Compassion

Middle Byzantine, St. Mark’s Basilica, Venice, 1063 begun

Rebecca and Eliezer at the Well, Vienna

Genesis, early 6th century

• Codex• Illuminated manuscript• Folio• Vellum• Tempera

David Composing the Psalms, the Paris Psalter, ca. 950-970