dynamic c#

by @AntyaDev

DYNAMIC C#

STATIC VS DYNAMIC

The many faces of “dynamic”

Generate code at runtime

Changing types at runtime

No typesat all

Simplified deployment

• Trend on non-schematized data

• Remember WSDL, SOAP, XSD?

• How about REST, JSON?

• The next browser war

• JavaScript on the web

• Optimized scripting engines

• Towards metaprogramming?

• Ruby community

• Code as data

IT’S A DYNAMIC WORLD

DynamicLanguages

Simple and succinct

Implicitly typed

Meta-programming

No compilation

StaticLanguages

Robust

Performant

Intelligent tools

Better scaling

STATIC VS DYNAMIC

DLR Hero• Jim Hugunin

Co-designer ASpectJ

Jython implementation• Python on the JVM

IronRuby implementation• Python on the .NET

DLR Hero• John Lam

RubyCLRbridge between the Ruby interpreter and the CLR

IronRubyRuby on the .NET

DLR Hero

Martin Maly

Common Language Runtime

Dynamic Language Runtime

C# compiler teamChris Burrow, Sam Ng

Action Python Ruby C# VB.NET

GetMember x.Foo x.Foo x.Foo x.Foo

SetMember x.Foo = y x.Foo = y x.Foo = y x.Foo = y

DeleteMember del d.Foo x.send :remove_instance_variable :@foo No syntax No syntax

UnaryOperation -x -x -x -x

BinaryOperation x + y x + y x + y x + y

Convert No syntax No syntax (Foo)x CType(x,Foo)

InvokeMember x.Foo(a,b) x.Foo(a,b) x.Foo(a,b) x.Foo(a,b)

Invoke x(a,b) x.call(a,b) x(a,b) x(a,b)

CreateInstance X(a,b) X.new(a,b) No syntax No syntax

GetIndex x[a,b] x[a,b] x[a,b] x(a,b)

SetIndex x[a,b] = y x[a,b] = y x[a,b] = y X(a,b) = y

DeleteIndex del x[a,b] No syntax No syntax No syntax

Common actions

IDynamicMetaObjectProvider

public interface IDynamicMetaObjectProvider{ DynamicMetaObject GetMetaObject(Expression parameter);}

DynamicMetaObject

public class DynamicMetaObject{ public BindingRestrictions Restrictions { get; }

public Expression Expression { get; }

public bool HasValue { get; }

public object Value { get; }

public Type RuntimeType { get; }

public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindGetMember(GetMemberBinder b); public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindSetMember(SetMemberBinder b, DynamicMetaObject value); public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindDeleteMember(DeleteMemberBinder b);

// Other bind operations…}

System.Dynamic.DynamicObjectpublic class DynamicObject : IDynamicMetaObjectProvider

{

public virtual bool TryBinaryOperation(BinaryOperationBinder binder, object

arg, out object result);

public virtual bool TryConvert(ConvertBinder binder, out object result);

public virtual bool TryCreateInstance(CreateInstanceBinder binder, object[]

args, out object result);

public virtual bool TryGetIndex(GetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes, out

object result);

public virtual bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result);

public virtual bool TryInvoke(InvokeBinder binder, object[] args, out object

result);

public virtual bool TryInvokeMember(InvokeMemberBinder binder, object[] args,

out object result);

public virtual bool TrySetIndex(SetIndexBinder binder, object[] indexes,

object value);

public virtual bool TrySetMember(SetMemberBinder binder, object value);

}

PythonBinder

RubyBinder

COMBinder

JavaScriptBinder

ObjectBinder

DYNAMIC LANGUAGE RUNTIME (DLR)

Dynamic Language RuntimeDLR Trees Dynamic Dispatch Call Site Caching

IronPython IronRuby C# VB.NET Others…

CALL SITES

• Old Idea: Polymorphic Inline Cache• Implemented with delegates and generics• No changes in CLR runtime engine (today)

• Major Addition: Multiple languages on CLR• Interop for sharing objects across languages• Customization to work for each language• Customization for library writers

• System.Runtime.CompilerServices

CLR

ExeCompile Run

Bind call

Expression Tree

Dynamic CallDelegate

DLR

Cache

COM Binder

IronPython Binder

C# Runtime Binder

…

HOW DYNAMIC WORKS

CALLSITE<T>

static CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, int, bool>> _site = …;

if (_site.Target(_site, x, 0)) { … }

if (x == 0) { … }

static bool _0(Site site, object x, int y) { return site.Update(site, x, y); //tailcall}

As strongly typed as possible

Cache is learning

CALLSITE<T>

static CallSite<Func<CallSite, object, int, bool>> _site = …;

if (_site.Target(_site, x, 0)) { … }

if (x == 0) { … }

static bool _2(Site site, object x, int y) { if (x is int) { return (int)x == y; } else if (x is BigInteger) { return BigInteger.op_Equality((BigInteger)x, y); } else { return site.Update(site, x, y); //tailcall }}

DynamicMetaObject

public class DynamicMetaObject{ public BindingRestrictions Restrictions { get; }

public Expression Expression { get; }

public bool HasValue { get; }

public object Value { get; }

public Type RuntimeType { get; }

public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindGetMember(GetMemberBinder b); public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindSetMember(SetMemberBinder b, DynamicMetaObject value); public virtual DynamicMetaObject BindDeleteMember(DeleteMemberBinder b);

// Other bind operations…}

Show me Dynamic C#

Ruby’s Markup Builder is an example of what can be achieved with

method missing

b = Builder::XmlMarkup.newhtml = b.html { b.head { b.title "XML Builder Test" } b.body { b.h1 "Title of Page“ b.p "Sample paragraph text“ b.p "Sample paragraph text“ }}

<head> <title>XML Builder Test</title> - <body> <h1>Title of Page</h1> <p>Sample paragraph text</p> <p>Sample paragraph text</p> </body></head>

class User < ActiveRecord::Base; end

users = User.find_all_by_state("TX")

user = User.find_or_create_by_email("foo@bar.com")

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by @AntyaDev

OakFrictionless development for ASP.NET MVC single page web apps. Prototypical and dynamic capabilities brought to C#.

STATIC TYPING WHERE POSSIBLE, DYNAMIC TYPING WHEN NEEDED

LINKS

• KingAOP: https://github.com/AntyaDev/KingAOP• Simple.Data: https://github.com/markrendle/Simple.Data• Massive: https://github.com/robconery/massive• CarealBox: https://github.com/JonCanning/CerealBox• Oak: http://amirrajan.github.io/Oak/

https://twitter.com/AntyaDev

https://github.com/AntyaDev

http://antyadev.blogspot.com/

THANK YOU!