dissection guide to the… - biology by napier
Post on 11-Dec-2021
7 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Dissection Guide to the…
LAB SAFETY AGREEMENT
ReminderStudents will be removed from the science
activity area by the teacher if:
• Their personal appearance or dress is such that they can cause injury to themselves or to other students.
FASHION
HAZARD
• They are behaving in such a manner
that they can cause injury to
themselves or to other students.
STUDENTS
MISBEHAVING
• They are not following the prescribed
safety rules for the science activity
area or the particular science activity
being conducted.
FOLLOW
LAB SAFETY
RULES
• They are going beyond the limits of
the science activity into areas that
may lead to an unsafe situation.
• They have not completed the pre-
experiment activities that will allow
them to work safely in the laboratory
situation.
Introduction
• Norway rat (Rattus norvegicus)
• Family Muridae
• Includes house mouse, gerbil, hamster
• Old World species originated in Asia
• Migrated to Europe by mid-1500s
• Reached North America about 1775 by
stowing away on colony-bound ships
Why dissect a rat?
• Commonly used in studies of comparative
vertebrate anatomy
• Rat displays typical mammalian body plan
Purpose
• To compare the structures of the rat with
those of the human.
Materials
• rat
• goggles
• dissection pan
• scissors
• dissecting needles
• probe
• name tag
Part 1 – Anatomical Terms
Part 2 – External Features
• external nares (opening to the nose)
• upper and lower eyelid
• pinna (earflap)
• vibrissae (whiskers)
Part 3 – Skinning the Rat
• Read and follow directions carefully.
• The skin and muscles
are very thin.
• Be careful not to cut
all the way into the
body cavity.
• Skinning the rat
takes time and work.
Part 4 – Muscles
• Use diagrams to help locate and describe
the function of the major muscles.
Clean Up
• Seal rat with name tag in storage bag
• Wash and return dissection instruments
• Wipe down your lab table
• Wash your hands
Day 2 – rat dissection
• Take out your Rat Practical Study Guide.
• Write the date of your exam on the top
right corner:
– 2nd Wednesday, 1st @ 7:20 am
– 3rd Thursday 2nd @ 9:28 am
– 5th Tuesday, 31st @ 7:20 am
– 7th Friday, 27th @ 7:20 am
• Get your rat, unwrap it and lay it on your
tray. Wait for further instructions.
Day One Review• How well did you skin your rat?
• These are the muscles you must be able to identify:– Pectoralis major
– Biceps brachii
– Lattissimus dorsi
– Biceps femoris
– Gastrocnemius
– External oblique
– Triceps brachii
• If you can locate and ID them all, you are finished
skinning your rat.
• We will have a review day next Thursday to look
over all these muscles and body systems on your rat
to help you prepare for the test.
Fascia – fibrous tissue
that connects skin to
muscle.
Part 5 – Opening the body cavities
• Make an “I” shaped incision.
• Remember the layer you
are cutting is thin.
• Avoid cutting too deeply.
• Fold back the flaps.
Part 1 – The Digestive System
• Use the diagram of the abdominal view
in the dissection guide to help locate the
major structures in the abdominal cavity.– Liver
– Stomach
– Spleen
– Small intestine
– Pancreas
– Large intestine
– mesentaries
Part 2 – The Respiratory System
• The rat has 4 lobes to the right lung
• The left lung is
one solid piece
• Identify
– Lobes
– Trachea
– Diaphragm
Part 3 – The Circulatory System
• Do not remove the heart
• Find the indicated
structures:
– Atria
– Ventricles
– Pericardium (if
you can)
heart
Part 4 – The Excretory System• Locate the major excretory organs.
– Kidneys
– Ureter
– bladder
Part 5 – The Reproductive System (Male)
• Locate major male reproductive organs.
– Scrotum
– Testes
Part 6 – The Reproductive System (Female)
• Locate major female reproductive organs.
– Ovaries
– Uterus
Clean Up• Dispose of sealed rat in trash can
• Wash and return dissection instruments
• Wipe down lab table
• Wash your hands
• Answer questions on back of lab sheet
Part 8 – The Mouth
• With a pair of scissors, cut the jaw bone
at the same angle as the mouth, so that
the mouth opens easily.
top related