development of the german and international biogas markets ... · development of the german and...

Development of the German and international

Biogas markets.

Partnering opportunities for Brazil.

Clemens FindeisenConsultant Development CooperationGerman Biogas Association

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety on Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

2

Structure of the German Biogas Association

Headquarters in Freising23 employees, organised in 10 departments

Board of TrusteesElected honorary spokesmen of regional groups, working groups and

advisory boards

Steering Committee7 members, elected for a 4-year-period

Berlin Office5 employees

Regional offices (North, South, East, West andEditorial Office Biogas Journal5 employees

Advisory Boards, Working GroupsAdvisory boards of plant operators, companies, the legal profession, funders; Working groups for the areas permissions, safety, feeding-in

of biogas, environment, heat, waste and fertiliser law

over

400

hono

rary

expe

rts

23 Regional groups in Germany

4.800 MembersOperators of biogas plants

Research Institutions

Interested private individualsCompanies and manufacturers

Lawyers

Corporate financePublic authorities

Providers of feedstock

Planners, advisers, laboratories Mem

ber

ofth

eE

urop

ean

Bio

gas

Ass

ocia

tion

(EB

A)

3

German Biogas Association - Objectives

Objectives :

• Promotion of the biogas sector• Promotion of a sustainable energy

supply• Definition of legal framework for

reliable and long-term investments• Creation of adequate technical rules

and standards• Promotion of R & D• Exchange of information• Members service

Lobbying on federal state, federal and EU level in the following

fields:

• Renewable Energy Act (EEG)• Energy management• Regulatory approval• Environmental law• Laws on agricultural issues• Tax law• …

4

26 countries

European Biogas Association

5

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

6

Provision of electricity in Germany in 2012

7

Source: FvB based on AfEE 2013

618 TWhNatural gas 11%

Lignite 26%

Hard coal 19%

Nuclear power 16%

Renewables 23%

Others5%

Structure of the German electricity production from renewable energy sources (2012)

8

More than 50 % of the RES are fluctuating

Hydro15.6%

Photovoltaic20.6%

Wind33.8%

Biowaste3.6%

Landfill gas0.4%

Sewage gas1.0%

Biogas15.1%

Liquid biofuels0.8%

Solid biofuels9.2%

Biomass30.0%

Overall: 136 TWh

Source: FvB based on BMU 2013

Share renewable energies on overall consumption: 23 %

9

Flexibility instead of base load: The new role of bioenergy

• With increasing

share of RES

baseload loses

importance

• Flexible systems fill

the valleys of the

wind and sun

� CHP with bioenergy

& natural gas

Ca

pa

city

[GW

]

red Demand (2010)

green Production

Wind & Solar

20 % Renewable Energy Sources

40 % Renewable Energy Sources

80 % Renewable Energy Sources

• With increasing share of RES baseload loses importance

• Flexible systems fill the valleys of wind and sun

� CHP with bioenergy

& natural gas

� New role of biogas

Number of biogas plants & installed electric capacity

10

139 159 186 274 370 450617

8501.050

1.3001.6001.750

2.050

2.680

3.5003.711

3.891

4.984

5.905

7.175

7.515

7.850

7.960

390

650

1.1001.271

1.377

1.893

2.291

3.097

3.352

3.543

3.804

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

0

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

6.000

7.000

8.000

9.000

Inst

alle

d el

ectr

ic c

apac

ity

Num

ber

of b

ioga

s pl

ants

Years

Number of biogas plants in Germany

Installed electric capacity in Megawatt [MW]

© Fachverband Biogas e.V. / German Biogas Association

Biogas sector at a glance

11

EnergycropsExcrements Vegetable waste Residential and industrial waste

Grass, maize, corn, potatoes, fodder beet, mustard, silage…

Liquid and solid manure, dung… Beet leaf, straw,

harvest residues., vegetable matter …

Brewer grains,vegetable waste,old fat, molasses,distiller´s wash, Marc, garden and park waste ...

separate collected residential, waste, organic fraction of mixed waste, fat separator contents, flotation tailings, food waste, leftovers, expired food, grease, blood, residues from milk production, sewage sludge, …

Agriculturalby-products

Feedstock in German biogas plants

Biogas plant

Feedstock in German biogas plants

13

Energy plants

Biowaste

Liquid & solid manure

Source: FvB based on DBFZ-Betreiberumfrage (2012/2013)

Industrial &agricultural residues

% by weight % by energy output

Potential for biogas in Germany

NawaRo

WD tierischer Herkunft

"Nichtflächen"-

NawaRos

Rein pfl. Neben-

produkteliste

Bioabfälle Tierische Neben-

produkte

0

500

1.000

1.500

2.000

2.500

3.000

3.500

4.000

Inst

allie

rbar

e Le

istu

ng in

MW

el

Potenzial in MW installierbare Leistung

bereits installierte Leistung in MW

Annahme: 4 Mio. ha Ackerf lächen stehen für den Anbau von Energiepf lanzen zur Verfügung, davon 2 Mio. ha für BiogasBerechnungen FvB 2012; Datengrundlage KTBL 2010; DBFZ 2011

Energy plants

Animal excrements

Biowaste Organic waste from animals

„Non-area“ renewable primary products

Potential in MW installed electric capacity

already installed electric capacity in MW

Pure by-products from plants

Inst

alla

ble

capa

city

in M

Wel

14

14,2 million t/a separately collected biowaste

(incl. 8,2 million t/a municipal biowaste)

IncinerationComposting Fermentation

material energeticrecycling/

recovery

Approx. 4,6 million t/a biowaste

984 approved biogas plants

(approx. 300 plants from which 100 municipal plants)

Source: Statistisches Bundesamt, 2011

Biogas from biowaste in Germany

15

Feedstock for the plants using waste

Quelle: RAL-Gütesicherung Gärprodukt (RAL-GZ 245); Stand 2013,Datenbasis: 113 Biogasanlagen, Input: 3,2 Mio. t FM

16

Sanitation and stabilisation of biowaste

Sanitation stabilisationBiowasteSanitized and

stabilized digestate

Thermophilic Digestion (> 50°C)

Thermophilic Composting

Pasteurisation(>70°C; 1h; 12 mm)

Mesophilic Digestion

Option 3

Option 2

Option 1

Other validated methodOption 4

Fields of Application for Biogas

18

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

19

• Priority connection, purchase and transmission for electricity from renewable energy sources

• A consistent fee for this electricity paid by the grid operators for a 20- year period

The core elements of the EEG guarantee :

• Mid and long term planning and investment security

• Calculable cost for consumers

• Specific fees for different technologies

• Low bureaucratic effort

• Participation for local and regional players

German Renewable Energy Act (EEG)

20

German Renewable Energy Act

The EEG is an efficient support mechanism for RES(copied by moren than 70 countries)

But:Germany‘s unique success in Biogas would not be

possible with today‘s law and the relatively low tariffs –so it is worthwile to have a look at

the older versions of the EEG

21

Development of the Renewable Energy Act EEG (2000-2014)

22

• Consistent fee for 20 years

• Priority connection

• 250 new plants a year

EEG 2000

• Bonus for energy crops

• Bonus for using heat

• 450 new plants a year

EEG 2004

• Bonus for new techniques

• Bonus for emission reduction

• Bonus for manure

• 1000 new plants a year

EEG 2009

• New system• New

requirements on efficiency and ecology

• 340 new plants a year

EEG 2012

EEG 2014

NEW EEG 2014 (as of 1 st August 2014)

For New Plants:• No more bonus for energy crops and manure• No more bonus for biogas upgrading• No more heat utilization obligation• Max. 100 MW gross additional plants each year

• Special feed-in-tariff for:- small „manure pants: 23,73 ct/kWh- waste fermentation plants: 15,26 ct/kWh

23

NEW EEG 2014

For New Plants:• Common tariff (§44)

�No sufficient compensation for plants (except smallplants and waste fermentation plants)

�Missed chance to promote alternative energy crops fornow

24

≤ 150 kW 13,66 Cent/kWh

≤ 500 kW 11,78 Cent/kWh

≤ 5 MW 10,55 Cent/kWh

≤ 20 MW 5,85 Cent/kWh

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety on Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

25

Systematization of the digestion systems

Quelle: Prof. Weiland, FAL Braunschweig, 2006

Characterization : Difference

1 Moisture level of substrate Wet- or Dryfermentation

2 Process temperature Mesophilic or thermophilic digestion

3 Process stages Single- or multistage process

4 Material flow Continuous or discontinuous process

26

Technologies in use in Germany

Wet digestionComplete Mixed Reactor

Dry continuous digestionPlug Flow Reactor

Dry batch digestionGarage Systems

< 15 % dm 15 – 30 % dm > 30 % dm

Thermophilic Thermophilic Thermophilic

Mesophilic Mesophilic Mesophilic

Complete mixed reactor

Storage of biogas

Spill over

Isolation

Air supply

Concrete packaging

Withdrawal of biogas

Heater Condensate trap

For biogas utilisationInputHeating installation

Relief pressure valve

Mixer

Cover of the reactor

Gas leakage

Source: Biogashandbuch Bayern

28

Inside a digester

29

The inside of a digester

©Fachverband Biogas e.V.

Gas hood with EPDM foil Foil roof (tight)

Transport air foil roof External gas storage facilities

Fotos:Cenotec, Sattler

Fotos:Biolene, Cenotec

Gas storage facilities

30

Origen: Axpo Kompogas AG, Kompostwerk Lemgo

Input

digestate

biogas

Plug flow reactor

31

Plug flow reactor

32

•Origen: Axpo-Kompogas / Büchl Entsorgungswirtschaft GmbH; BioIN GmbH

Plug flow reactor

33

•Origen: Berlin Ruhleben, BSR

Origen: Bekon

Garage System

34

35

Foto: Bekon Energy Technologies GmbH & Co. KG

Garage System

36

Garage System

Foto: Bekon Energy Technologies GmbH & Co. KG

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety on Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

37

Biogas Training Network

38

Since October 2013

39

• Standardization of Trainings• Uniforming quality criteria for the planning, organization, implementation and certification

• Mandatory curriculum including learning objective descriptions• Coordinated examination questions

.

Biogas Training Network

Curricula of the 2 days operators qualifications

training in Germany

• Legal Framework of plant construction and operation

• Risk assessment• Explosion protection• Documentation• Mandatory obligations for the plant operator

• Damage and accident management• Safety relevant checks and maintenance• Best-practice-example (on-site check and evaluation)

• Multiple-choice exam

40

41

Saftey –Establishment of Regulations and Standards –

Training standards for operators , etc. Sustainable Image of Biogas!

42

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

43

Biogas Plants in Europe 2012

44

Source: EBA Biogas Report 2013

Biogas Plants in

Europe 2011

and 2012

45

Source: EBA Biogas Report 2013

Types of support schemes in Europe

46

Source: EBA Biogas Report 2013

Motiviation / Trends in developing and emerging cou ntries

• Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) – focus on the reduction of methane rather than electricity production

• Decentralized energy solutions driven by industry – avoid energy black outs

• Costs of importing fossil fuels

• Environmental regulations (waste water, municipal waste, agricultural waste)

• Biogas upgrading

• Feed in Tariffs

• Establishment of neutral National Biogas Association s!

Content

• German Biogas Association

• The Biogas market in Germany

• Political framework in Germany

• Different Operation techniques in use

• Trainings in the area of safety on Biogas plants

• Trends on international Biogas markets

• Instruments to develop international Biogas Projects

48

Instruments to promote international biogas projects

Cooperation between

Private Sectorobjectives

Development Cooperation

objectives

GIZ Services for Energy

ongoing

Project portfolio:140 activities in 40 countriesVolume of orders: 500 million €Yearly turnover: 110 million €

biogas components

Financings for Biogas Projects

� Project structures and financing criteria

� Large plants (5-10 MW) for processing industry of agricultural products (Eg meat, fishand milkproduction , ethanol , palm oil, fruit and vegetable processing )

� Several smaller systems (500 kW - 1 MW) of the same type (in terms of plant type, substrate, supply and purchase structure) at different locations in a country

� Substrate: organic residues and sewage (no energy crops) , tested fermentability, other use for food production(eg as fertilizer or animal feed) is not carried out or remains

� Energetic use of biogas (heat / cooling, steam, electricity )

� by the substrate supplier or reliable private customers (medium businesses in the area )

� Feed-in (PPA)

� Substrate supplier is economically responsible (as a shareholder, owner, operator or through long-term supply commitment (take or pay) and has a real interest in the biogas plant

� Costs and reliability of logistics and qualified staff!

� Generation of CO2 certificates.

• develoPPP.de is initiated by the German Federal Ministry for

Economic Cooperation and Development

• Applications are open to German and EU companies (OECD-DAC list)

• Execution organisations are GIZ, DEG und sequa.

• EU based companies, annual turnover of at least EUR 1 million, ten

employees, three years of business operation

• Development Partnerships

� are usefull from the development policy and economic

perspective, positive impact on the development of the partner

country

� can not be realised without public contribution

� are not required by law

� are jointly funded (max. 50% public contribution – EUR 200.000),

� the private Partner has a commercial interest

� the sustainibility is ensured after the public contribution ends

Support for entering new markets: Development Partnerships

Energypedia is a renewable energy wiki in the context of

development cooperation

https://energypedia.info

55

www.biogas.org

56

biogas.org german -biogas -industry.com

Conclusion

• Biogas is as an allrounder and a key in the Energy Mix

• Five main trends in Germany: 1. New EEG is challenging for the german Biogas industry2. Feedstock: Manure/Waste - no Energy crops3. Using of the natural gas grid as storage4. Direct marketing / Flexibility (balancing the fluctuating power generation)5. Export Business of the manufactures (60 % forecast 2014)

• Huge potential and interest for biogas worldwide (Know-How necessary)

• Importance of National Biogas Associations, Safety standards and Operators Training!

• Partnerships!

57

58

Thank you for your attention!

BIOGAS Convention & Trade Fair

… we will see us in Bremen!27. – 29. 01 2015

• Know -How Transfer!

• International Panel onDevelopment & Emerging Countries!

• Biogas Basics!

• Best practise on Waste digestion!

www.biogas.org59

61

Clemens Findeisen

Consultant

Development Cooperation

German Biogas Association

Telefon: 0049 (0) 1763 / 17 88 290

Email: clemens.findeisen@biogas.org

Internet: www.biogas.org