day 1 · day 1 16 1.4 kata tugas perkataan yang menegaskan sesuatu ayat, menyatakan bilangan,...
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CONTENTS
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DAY 1
BAHASA MELAYU ............................................................................................. 1
Bab 1 Tatabahasa .......................................................................................... 2
Unit 1 Golongan Kata ......................................................................................... 3
Unit 1.1 Kata Nama ..................................................................................... 3
Unit 1.2 Kata Kerja ...................................................................................... 11
Unit 1.3 Kata Adjektif ................................................................................ 13
Unit 1.4 Kata Tugas .................................................................................... 16
Unit 1.5 Kata Ganda ................................................................................. 30
Unit 1.6 Kata Majmuk ................................................................................ 32
Unit 1.7 Kata Banyak Makna .................................................................. 34
DAY 2
Unit 1.8 Kata Berimbuhan ......................................................................... 35
Unit 1.9 Penanda Wacana ..................................................................... 46
Unit 1.10 Sinonim ........................................................................................ 47
Unit 1.11 Antonim ....................................................................................... 48
Unit 2 Ayat ............................................................................................................ 48
Unit 2.1 Ayat Penyata ............................................................................... 49
Unit 2.2 Ayat Tunggal ................................................................................ 49
Unit 2.3 Ayat Aktif dan Ayat Pasif .......................................................... 49
Unit 2.4 Ayat Tanya .................................................................................... 51
Unit 2.5 Ayat Majmuk ................................................................................ 52
Unit 2.6 Ayat Sama Maksud ..................................................................... 52
Unit 2.7 Ayat Seruan .................................................................................. 53
Unit 2.8 Ayat Perintah ................................................................................ 53
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Unit 2.9 Ayat Songsang ............................................................................. 54
Unit 3 Peribahasa ................................................................................................. 54
Unit 3.1 Simpulan Bahasa ......................................................................... 54
Unit 3.2 Perumpamaan ............................................................................. 55
Unit 3.3 Bidalan ........................................................................................... 55
Unit 3.4 Pepatah ......................................................................................... 56
Unit 3.5 Bandingan Semacam/Kiasan ................................................... 57
Unit 3.6 Kata-Kata Hikmat ........................................................................ 57
Unit 4 Penjodoh Bilangan .................................................................................. 59
DAY 3
Bab 2 Petikan Pemahaman .......................................................................... 63
Strategi Starfish untuk Petikan Pemahaman......................................... 64
Contoh Soalan dan Jawapan Kertas 1 Pemahaman ........................ 65
Bab 3 Penulisan ............................................................................................. 76
Strategi Starfish untuk Bahagian A ......................................................... 77
DAY 4
Strategi Starfish untuk Bahagian B .......................................................... 80
Strategi Starfish untuk Bahagian C ......................................................... 84
Surat Kiriman Rasmi.................................................................................... 87
Surat Kiriman Tidak Rasmi ......................................................................... 90
Ucapan ........................................................................................................ 93
Laporan ....................................................................................................... 94
Berita ............................................................................................................ 96
Dialog ........................................................................................................... 98
Catatan ..................................................................................................... 100
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Cerita ......................................................................................................... 102
Autobiografi/Biografi ............................................................................... 103
Keperihalan ............................................................................................... 105
Fakta .......................................................................................................... 106
Perbincangan/Perbahasan ................................................................... 107
Peribahasa ................................................................................................ 109
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DAY 5
ENGLISH ....................................................................................................... 111
Chapter 1 Grammar .................................................................................... 112
Unit 1 Articles ............................................................................................. 112
Unit 2 Nouns .............................................................................................. 114
Unit 3 Verbs ............................................................................................... 118
Unit 4 Tenses .............................................................................................. 120
Unit 5 Subject-Verb Agreement ............................................................ 125
Unit 6 Pronouns ......................................................................................... 126
Unit 7 Adjectives ....................................................................................... 130
Unit 8 Adverbs ........................................................................................... 132
Unit 9 Conjunctions .................................................................................. 133
Unit 10 Prepositions .................................................................................. 134
Unit 11 Modals .......................................................................................... 136
Unit 12 Posittive and Negative Statements ......................................... 137
Unit 13 Postive and Negative Questions and Responses ................. 138
Unit 14 WH - Questions ............................................................................ 139
Unit 15 Punctuation ................................................................................. 140
Unit 16 Types of Sentences ..................................................................... 142
Unit 17 Proverbs, Idioms and Similes .................................................... 143
Unit 18 Synonyms and Antonyms .......................................................... 146
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DAY 6
Chapter 2 Social Expressions ..................................................................... 148
Starfish Strategies for Social Expressions ............................................... 153
Chapter 3 Reading Comprehension .......................................................... 154
Starfish Strategies for Reading Comprehension ................................. 156
Model Question and Answer Paper 1 .................................................. 158
DAY 7
Chapter 4 Writing ......................................................................................... 170
Starfish Strategies for Section A ............................................................. 171
Model Question and Answer (Section A) ............................................ 172
Starfish Strategies for Section B ............................................................. 173
Model Question and Answer (Section B) ............................................ 174
Other Possible Formats for Section B .................................................... 176
Starfish Strategies for Section C ............................................................. 179
Starfish Tips for Excellent Writing (Section C) ....................................... 180
Model Question and Answer (Section C) ........................................... 187
DAY 1
16
1.4 KATA TUGAS
Perkataan yang menegaskan sesuatu ayat, menyatakan bilangan,
menanyakan sesuatu dan menjadi penyambung ayat.
A. Kata Hubung
Menyambungkan dua ayat atau lebih untuk membentuk ayat majmuk.
Kata hubung terbahagi kepada tiga jenis iaitu gabungan, pancangan dan
berpasangan.
i. Kata Hubung Gabungan
Menghubungkan dua ayat yang sama sifatnya untuk membentuk ayat
majmuk gabungan.
Kata hubung
gabungan
Penggunaan Contoh
Atau
Menunjukkan pilihan.
Awak hendak makan nasi atau
minum air sahaja?
Dan/ serta
Menggabungkan ayat atau
menunjukkan dua unsur yang
sama.
William makan menggunakan
sudu dan garpu.
Kecuali
Menunjukkan sesuatu yang
tidak dirangkumi.
Harga untuk setiap buku di atas
rak itu sama kecuali yang
berkulit biru itu.
Lalu
Perbuatan yang dibuat
berturut-turutan.
Ah Tong menjerit lalu menangis.
Maka
Menunjukkan akibat sesuatu
perbuatan atau perkara.
Oleh sebab kerajinannya, maka
Abu memperoleh keputusan
yang cemerlang dalam UPSR.
Manakala
Menyatakan dua perkara
yang berlainan. Digunakan
jika jumlah manusia, haiwan,
dan seumpamanya yang
hadir selepas perkataan ini
melebihi satu.
Ibu sedang memasak
manakala ayah dan abang
sedang membaca surat
khabar.
(ayah dan abang = lebih
daripada seorang)
Sambil
Menyatakan perbuatan
pada masa yang sama.
Farid menyanyi sambil menari.
Tetapi
Menunjukkan perkara yang
bertentangan.
Adik ingin membeli komputer
tetapi duitnya tidak mencukupi
untuk membayar harga
komputer itu.
DAY 3
65
Contoh Soalan dan Jawapan Kertas 1 Pemahaman - Bahagian A
Soalan 1 – 8
Isi tempat kosong dengan jawapan yang paling sesuai.
1. Adik ketawa _____ apabila ayah membuat jenaka.
A. terkumat-kamit
B. tersengguk-sengguk
C. terhuyung-hayang
D. terbahak-bahak
2. “Salam ______ saya ucapkan atas kehilangan ibu kamu,” kata Suri kepada
Hannah.
A. sejahtera
B. takziah
C. tahniah
D. sedih
3. Wajah Hasya kelihatan _______ akibat kehilangan banyak darah.
A. hitam legam
B. kuning langsat
C. pucat lesi
D. merah saga
4. Pak Abu menggunakan _______ sabit untuk menebas semak –samun di
belakang rumahnya.
A. sebatang
B. sebiji
C. sebilah
D. seketul
5. “______ kamu sudah lama tidak hadir ke sekolah, Afnan?” tanya Ahmad.
A. Berapakah
B. Siapakah
C. Mengapakah
D. Apakah
D adalah jawapan terbaik kerana kata
ganda ‘terbahak-bahak’ merujuk kepada
perbuatan ketawa
B adalah jawapan terbaik kerana takziah
merupakan perkataan yang membawa
maksud turut bersedih atas kematian
C adalah jawapan terbaik kerana ‘pucat
lesi’ bermaksud kelihatan seolah-olah
tidak bermaya
C adalah jawapan terbaik kerana ‘sebilah’
merupakan penjodoh bilangan yang
digunakan untuk benda tajam dan runcing
seperti sabit, pisau dan lain-lain
C adalah jawapan terbaik kerana kata
tanya ‘mengapa’ digunakan untuk
mengetahui sebab dan alasan berlakunya
sesuatu perkara
DAY 4
84
Strategi Starfish untuk Bahagian C: Menulis Karangan
Dalam Bahagian C, dua soalan akan dikemukakan tetapi anda perlu memilih
satu soalan sahaja.
Pilih soalan karangan yang ingin dijawab dengan teliti.
Soalan karangan yang diberikan terbahagi kepada dua jenis iaitu karangan
berformat khusus dan karangan tidak berformat.
Karangan Berformat Karangan Tidak Berformat
Surat Kiriman Rasmi
Surat Kiriman Tidak Rasmi
Ucapan
Laporan
Berita
Dialog
Catatan
Cerita
Biografi/Autobiografi
Keperihalan
Fakta
Perbincangan/Perbahasan
Peribahasa
Strategi Mengarang
1) Pilih soalan dengan bijak supaya dapat dijawab dengan tepat:
Pilih soalan yang sesuai dengan pengetahuan dan pemahaman anda.
Kenal pasti bentuk dan format soalan.
Cari kata kunci soalan untuk membuat huraian.
2) Rangka isi karangan:
Cari kata kunci dan fahami kehendak soalan dalam arahan.
Pastikan jenis karangan dan format karangan tersebut.
Tulis poin-poin penting, ayat ringkas dan idea spontan.
Anda disarankan membuat peta minda bagi menyusun isi-isi penting.
3) Tulis dan Semak karangan
Biasanya satu perenggan untuk pendahuluan diikuti dengan beberapa
perenggan untuk isi-isi utama dan satu perenggan untuk penutup.
Pendahuluan karangan mestilah menyatakan tajuk dan isi-isi yang hendak
disampaikan.
Gunakan konsep : 1 isi + 1 huraian + 1 contoh untuk setiap perenggan.
Ayat dan perenggan dalam karangan boleh dihubungkan dengan
menggunakan penanda wacana.
Penutup ialah kesimpulan untuk karangan yang disampaikan itu.
Jangan lupa gunakan peribahasa yang sesuai dalam karangan anda.
Baca dan semak semula karangan yang telah siap ditulis.
DAY 5
113
Definite Article - ‘the’
the can be used in front of both singular and plural nouns as well as adjectives.
o the is a definite article. It refers to a very specific person or thing.
o It also refers to someone or something which is one of its kind.
o It is also used to refer to something or someone that has been
mentioned before.
Below are some examples:
Definite Article Examples
The
He is the principal of SMK Taman Ilmu.
She is not the person you are looking for.
Tonight, the moon will be shining brighter than usual if it does
not rain.
Halim had an apple this morning. The apple was delicious.
DO NOT use articles in the following situations:
Situation Examples
When talking about
things in general
I enjoy eating bananas for breakfast.
My mother likes to watch movies with us at home.
Before countries
and languages
(except countries
that already have
‘the’ as part of their
name e.g. The
United States of
America)
Malaysians enjoy visiting Thailand because it is very
near to our country.
My father is able to speak Bahasa Melayu, English and
Mandarin.
Singapore is a developed country.
Before the names
of people and
places
My mother brought us to Fraser’s Hill last Saturday.
Yusuf plays badminton with Tanush every afternoon.
Sarah likes going on vacation to Penang Island.
Before the names
of sports, activities
and games
Aerobics is a good way to lose weight.
A lot of Malaysians enjoy playing badminton.
Monopoly is a very sophisticated game.
My sister enjoys singing and dancing.
Before the names
of days, months,
seasons and
holidays
Deepavali is celebrated by most Indians all over the
world.
Summer is the hottest time of the year in countries
which have four seasons.
My father usually has meetings on Fridays.
Muslims must fast during Ramadan.
DAY 6
155
Starfish Strategies for Reading Comprehension
There are two types of texts in the reading component of the examination.
o Linear Texts
o Non-Linear Texts
Linear texts are texts that are organised in a traditional way. We read linear texts
just like how we read most normal texts in sequence. Examples of linear texts are
stories, letters, informational texts, etc.
Non-Linear texts are texts that are non-traditional way. We do not read it from
left to right nor do we read it in order. Examples of non-linear texts are
advertisements, brochures, posters, notices, tables, graphs, charts, etc.
Questions that are asked in the reading component require you to find the
answers that are found DIRECTLY in the texts, but some will require you to make
INFERENCES or CONCLUSIONS from the texts.
For questions that require direct answers from the texts, you need to pay
attention to KEY WORDS from the questions and find those keywords in the texts
to get the answers.
For questions that require inferences, you need to think critically and creatively.
You need to analyse what the text is trying to tell you indirectly.
Some of the aspects that students need to pay attention to are as below:
Identifying main ideas
When reading a text, students must be aware of the overall message of the
text. This means they must be able to understand what the text is about.
The main idea is usually found at the beginning of the text, but it can also be
understood from the overall idea of the text.
Below are some questions and statements that may be used to test students in
the examination:
o What is the text about?
o What is the advertisement/note/letter/notice, etc. about?
o From the story, we know that…
o Based on the story, we know that…
DAY 6
156
Remembering specific information from the text
Sometimes, questions for reading comprehension require you to remember
specific information from the text.
This means that the answers can be found in the text.
Students must read the text again to find the specific information that the
question asks for.
Below are some questions that may be asked in the examination:
Who did ….. ? (This type of question requires you to look for a specific
person mentioned in the text)
Why did …..? (This type of question requires you to look for a specific
reason why something happened in the text)
When did….? (This type of question requires you to look for the specific
time when something happened in the text)
Making inferences or conclusions
In reading comprehension, there will be questions or statements that will test
your critical thinking skills.
These types of questions may ask you to make an inference (an intelligent
guess) or make a conclusion (your overall understanding) about the text.
This means you must answer the question or statement based on your daily
experience and understanding of the world around you.
Answers to such questions or statements will usually be based on your common
sense. Therefore, the answers WILL NOT be found in the text.
Below are examples of how you might be tested on making inferences and
conclusions:
o Which word/phrase would best describe … ? (This type of question tests
you on how to describe the character or the situation the character is
facing)
o From the text, we know that…. (This type of question tests your overall
understanding of the text and the events that are mentioned in the text)
Finding cause and effect
For questions related to cause and effect, students are expected to find out
the reason and the effect of an incident in the text.
Students should be able to find the answers for these types of questions from
the text.
DAY 7
180
Starfish Tips for Excellent Writing (Section C)
Suggestions for Introduction
An introduction of a composition is one of the most important aspects in writing.
The introduction is where you set the story. It is where you give a brief
background about a character or event.
Below are some suggestions on how you can start your composition:
If the story is about a person Example
Describe the
character(s)
Who is she/he?
What does she/he normally
like?
What is the relationship of
the character with you?
o Andy is an honest person.
o Farid is always getting
into trouble.
o Kerry is my childhood
friend.
Describe the
character(s)’
hobby related
to the topic
What does he/she/they like
to do?
o Lutfi loves playing video
games. He spends most
of his time on the
computer.
o Kavita is a great cook.
She loves cooking new
dishes in the kitchen for
everyone.
Describe the
character(s)
personality
related to the
topic
What is she/he like?
o My neighbour is a very
kind person. He loves to
send us delicious food.
o Firdaus is an intelligent
boy. He is always at the
top of his class.
If the story is about an event Example
Describe the
event.
What event is taking
place?
o It is the 16th of May. It is
Teachers’ Day.
o Today is Earth Day. It
reminds us to save
environment.
Describe what
is happening
or going to
happen in the
event.
What is going to happen? o Teachers and students will
have a few activities on
this day.
o We are expected to turn
off the electricity for one
hour.
DAY 7
190
3 Body Answer most of the questions that are given. Answers
are straight forward.
Extra information is added to make the composition
more interesting: After that, they sang the “Happy
Birthday” song while Marissa cut her cake
4 Conclusion Composition ends with what the characters do at the end of
the day and how the main character felt.
5 Proverb Add proverb to make the composition more interesting.
(3) Model Question and Answer (Section C)
Write a story based on the given picture. You may use the notes given to help you.
Your story should be between 80-100 words.
walking – home – school heard – noise –drain
searched – found – kittens climbed down – rescue – home- keep
Every day, my friends and I walk home from school. Yesterday,
we heard some noises from the drain while we were walking.
We searched everywhere for the source of the sound but we
could not find it. I peeped into the drain. To my surprise, I saw
something moving. I quickly called my friends and we realized that
they were kittens.
3
1 2
DAY 7
191
Although it was dangerous to go down into the deep drain, I
still climbed down slowly to rescue them with the help of my friends.
They were still very small. I took them home and asked my mother’s
permission to keep them. She agreed to my suggestion, I was over
the moon!
Explanation of Model Answer
No. Elements Description
1 Time setting Every day – tell us what the characters normally do.
Yesterday– give the context to the story.
2 Introduction Give the context to the story. Last line tells us what the
story will be about.
3 Body Use most of the notes given but also add extra
information like “saw something moving”.
4 Conclusion Add more information to make the story more
interesting.
5 Idiom Add in idiom to make conclusion more attention-
grabbing.
Summary and Checklist
Put a check mark (√) at the items you have mastered.
I can: √
1. recognise the format of Paper 2.
2. understand what is required of each section in Paper 2.
3. use different formats required in Section B.
4. use the strategies suggested to write compositions.
5. write a complete composition.
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