csgioh001-00 lp3-1 leading causes of fatalities l entry without testing l re-entry without testing...

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-1 www.nscsa.org

Leading causes of fatalities

Entry without testing Re-entry without testing Entering a space that has not been

ventilated Flammable/toxic vapors and gases

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-2 www.nscsa.org

Leading causes of fatalities cont’d

Oxygen deficiency Using air-purifying respirators in an

oxygen deficient atmosphere Electrical shock Defective or misused equipment Physical and emotional factors

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-3 www.nscsa.org

Exposure To Toxic Materials

Disease eg. Cancer, black lung, etc. Reproductive damage Allergic reactions Eyes, nose, throat, skin and/or lungs

burns at moderate levels of exposure Damage to any organ or tissue

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-4 www.nscsa.org

Personal Exposure Limits (PEL)

Threshold Limit Value (TLV) Ceiling (TLV-C) Time Weighted Average (TWA Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL)

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-5 www.nscsa.org

Threshold limit Value

An exposure to which nearly everyone can be exposed day after day without any adverse health affects.

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-6 www.nscsa.org

Ceiling (TLV-C)

Concentration that should not be exceeded, even momentarily.

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-7 www.nscsa.org

Time Weighted AverageTWA

8-hour day/40 hour week

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-8 www.nscsa.org

Short Term Exposure Limit(STEL)

15 min. exposure, 60 min. break, 4 times a day

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-9 www.nscsa.org

Immediate Danger to Life and Health (I.D.L.H.)

Immediate risk of injury, sickness or death.

NOT to be entered

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-10 www.nscsa.org

Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-11 www.nscsa.org

Lockout/Tagout

Energy sources• Electrical• Pressure• Momentum/Gravity• Residual / Store Energy

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-12 www.nscsa.org

Blind

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-13 www.nscsa.org

Flange/Blank

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-14 www.nscsa.org

Tag

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-15 www.nscsa.org

Lockout / Tag Devices

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-16 www.nscsa.org

Oxygen

Oxygen Concentration

Effect

22.5% and above Increase FlammabilityEntry is not allowed at this point

21% Ideal20.9% Normal19.5% Minimum required to

maintain safe working conditions

Less than 18% Loss of judgement and coordination

Less than 15% Gradual loss of consciousness

Less than 12% Sudden Collapse and loss of consciousness

LP 5-1

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-17 www.nscsa.org

Explosive Limits

Explosions

Explosive range:• Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)(UFL)• Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) (LFL)

Inhalation risks

LP 5-2

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-18 www.nscsa.org

Classifications for Hazardous Locations

Class 1-where there is a danger of explosion due to the presence of a flammable gas or vapor

Class 11-where there is a danger of explosion due to presence of a flammable dust

Class 111- where there is a danger of explosion or flash fire due to presence of a flammable fibers or flyings

LP 5-4

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-19 www.nscsa.org

Divisions

Division 1 -Location where an explosive mixture of gas,vapor,dust,fibers or flying, and air may exist under normal operating conditions

Division 2 - Location where an explosive mixture of gas,vapor, dust, fibers or flying, and air may exist under abnormal operating conditions ie. Accidental rupture of a vessel or container or failure of a ventilating system, etc

LP 5-5

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-20 www.nscsa.org

Groups

Class 1

Group A - Acetylene

Group B - Butadlene. Hydrogen, Ethylene Oxide, Propylene Oxide

Group C - Acetadehyde, Ethylene, Cyclopropane, Ether Vapours, UDMH,Unsymmetrical

LP 5-6

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-21 www.nscsa.org

Groups Continued

Group D -Acetone, Ammonia, Benzene, Butyl Alcohol, Butyl Acetate, Ethane, Ethyl Acetate, Ethylene Dichloride, Gasoline, Heptane, Hexanes, Isoprene, Methane, Methanol, Ketones, Propanol, Petroleum, Octanes, Pentanes, Propane, Ethanol Propylene, Stryene, Toluene, Vinyl Acetate, Vinyl Chloride, Xylanes

LP 5-7

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-22 www.nscsa.org

Class 2

Group E - Metal dust includes Aluminum, Commercial Alloys and Magnesium

Group F - Carbon Black, Coal, Charcoal, Coke Dust Group G - Flour, Starch, Grain Dust

Groups Continued

LP 5-8

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-23 www.nscsa.org

Class 1

A/c hangers, Breweries, Petroleum refineries and plants Paint Manufactures Hospitals, Sewers Tanks containing flammable/combustible liquids

LP 5-9

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-24 www.nscsa.org

Class 2

Flour and Feed Mills Grain Elevator and ships Areas of packing pulverized sugar/Cocoa Coal Handling/ preparation Plants

LP 5-10

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-25 www.nscsa.org

Class 3

Woodworking Plants Textile Mills Cotton Gins/Seed Mills Knitting/Weaving Mills

LP 5-11

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-26 www.nscsa.org

Static Electricity

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-27 www.nscsa.org

Static Electricity

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Static Electricity

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-29 www.nscsa.org

Static Electricity

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-30 www.nscsa.org

Static Electricity

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-31 www.nscsa.org

Exhaust VentilationLighter than Air Vapours

(Caution)

PATH OF FRESH AIR PATH OF EXHAUST AIR POSSIBLE GAS POCKETS ….. ……

…...

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-32 www.nscsa.org

Exhaust VentilationHeavier than Air Vapours

(Caution)

PATH OF FRESH AIR PATH OF EXHAUST AIR POSSIBLE GAS POCKETS ….. ……

…...

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-33 www.nscsa.org

Dilution Ventilation - Effective

PATH OF EXHAUST AIR POSSIBLE GAS POCKETS ….. ……

…...

PATH OF FRESH AIR

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-34 www.nscsa.org

Dilution Ventilation - Chimney Effect (Caution)

PATH OF FRESH AIR PATH OF EXHAUST AIR POSSIBLE GAS POCKETS ….. ……

…...

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-35 www.nscsa.org

Combination - Dilution and Exhaust Ventilation (Effective)

PATH OF EXHAUST AIR POSSIBLE GAS POCKETS ….. ……

…...

PATH OF FRESH AIR

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-36 www.nscsa.org

Hazards of Confined Spaces

02 deficiency/enrichment

Difficult entry/exit

Bulk materials

Electrical shock

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-37 www.nscsa.org

Dangers in Confined Space

fire/explosion toxicity drowning/entrapment Others

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-38 www.nscsa.org

Hazards of Confined Spaces

Working surfaces slips & falls

Temp Extremes

Noise conditions

Poor visibility

Psychological factors

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-39 www.nscsa.org

Example of Emergency Response Plan Check List

Communications Haz Mat Response Emergency response, (Rescue personnel)

notified or in place. Fire fighting response

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-40 www.nscsa.org

Example ofEmergency Response Plan

Check List cont’d

Medical Aid response Policing notified or in place Emergency evacuation plans ready or

implemented Personnel Responsibilities detailed

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-41 www.nscsa.org

Example ofEmergency Response Plan

Check List cont’d

Entry certificate (permit) completed with applicable signatures

Hazard Identification / Assessment Tag / Lockout Area cordoned off

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-42 www.nscsa.org

Example ofEmergency Response Plan

Check List cont’d

Warning signs posted. Emergency response equipment in place. Transportation Emergency response, plan all personnel

involved, brief given including additional emergency response procedures

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-43 www.nscsa.org

Purpose of the Entry Permit

To ensure existing and potential hazards are assessed.

Ensure preventive measures and procedures are identified.

Act as a checklist. In most case entrants are safe to work in

space within limits of the permit.

CSGIOH001-00 LP3-44 www.nscsa.org

Entry Permit

Prepared by a designated competent person

Valid for the duration of a shift, not exceeding 24 hours after tests performed

Unless the conditions under which the permit was issued change prior to task completion