crew resource management : general

CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENTC R M: GENERAL

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BACKGROUNDAND

HISTORY

ICAO RESOLUTION 1986

To improve safety in aviation by making States more aware and responsive to the importance of Human factors in civil aviation operations through the provision of practical human factors material and measures developed on the basis of experience in States

Accidents/Incidents Analysis Compelling Observations on Causes

• Ineffective Communication• Inadequate Leadership• Poor Group Decision Making

70 %

Accidents/Incidents

EVOLUTION OF

CRM TRAINING CONCEPTS

CRM TRAINING: CONCEPTFirst generation Initiated by United Airlines in 1981Focus was on Psychological Testing Leadership Inter Personal SkillsAlso recognised that the Training was not a single event and needed periodic recurrent training

Reluctance amongst Pilots to accept the training programme

CRM TRAINING: CONCEPTSecond generation (1986) Airlines had gained experience in CRM NASA conducted Workshop Points that emerged• CRM would get embedded in the Basic Training• Crew -> Cockpit Resource management• Additional concepts of Briefing Strategies,

Situational Awareness, Stress Management, Team Building etc emerged

Acceptance by aircrew improved

CRM TRAINING: CONCEPT

Third generation (1990)

• CRM Training integrated with Technical Training• CRM issues addressed Flight Deck Automation• Human Factors• Extended to other crew/personnel• Joint Cabin/Cockpit CRM training• Advanced CRM Training concepts

CRM TRAINING: CONCEPT

Fourth Generation

• Integrate CRM in regular procedures• Concept of Advanced Qualification Programme• Integrate CRM and LOFT Training to Technical

Training• Airlines could voluntarily adapt AQP• Integrate CRM into Checklists• Effectiveness Evaluation Procedure

Director General of Civil Aviation

Advisory Circular 8 of 2009For Air Operators

Lays down the procedures for conduct of CRM Training

SYLLABUS

COMMUNICATIONOne definition of communication is “any act by which one person gives to or receives from another person information about that person's needs, desires, perceptions, knowledge, or affective states. Communication may be intentional or unintentional, may involve conventional or unconventional signals, may take linguistic or non-linguistic forms, and may occur through spoken or other modes.

LEADERSHIP

TEAM WORK

DECISION MAKING

ERROR MANAGEMENT

SITUATIONAL AWARENESS

STRESS AND FATIGUE

AUTOMATION

CREW RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

Thank You

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