cotton crop report w.r.t pakistan (agriculture economics)

Presentation on Cotton CropFrom 2004-2014

INTRODUCTION OF AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN…..

Agriculture in Pakistan• Agriculture is a vital sector of Pakistan’s economy.

• It accounts to 21% contribution of total GDP.

• It absorbs 43.7% labor force of Pakistan.

• More than 25% of Pakistan total land area is under cultivation.

• Large contribution to foreign exchange earning.

• Dates back to 4500 BC in Indus Civilization.

• The most agricultural province is Punjab best known for Wheat and cotton.

SUB-SECTORS OF AGRICULTURE:

• Crops such as wheat, sugarcane, rice, cotton, maize and other crops.

• Livestock i.e. cattle's, sheep, buffaloes, poultry etc

• Forestry• Fisheries ( marine fishing and inland

fishing)

TYPE OF CROPSCash Crop: • A cash crop is an agricultural crop which

is grown for sale to return a profit.Food Crop: • A food crop is an agricultural crop which is

grown for human consumption.

Cash Crops and Food cropsCash Crop

Cotton

Sugar cane

Tobacco

Oil seeds

Food Crop

Wheat

Rice

Maize

Barley

Gram

Situation of Cotton crop shall be discussed in this:

• Introduction of cotton crop.

• Progress in contribution to GDP from 2004-2014 with the help of graphs.

• Export of cotton from Pakistan during these fiscal years.

Cotton Crop• Cotton is a Kharif crop and leading cash

crop as well as fiber crop of Pakistan.• It is one of the precious crop all over the

world known as “white gold”.• Cotton is now considered as a major

export of Pakistan. • It is the lifeline of textile industry….

The Story of Cotton• No one knows how old cotton is…• Scientists believed that it is 7,000 years old.• In Indus River valley, cotton was grown, spun

and woven into cloth.• Arab merchants brought it to Europe in 800 A.D.• By 1500 A.D, cotton was generally known

through out the world.

In 2004-05• Pakistani witnessed a modest recovery in

agriculture growth after a two-year unprecedented draught.

• 14.6 million bales of cotton produced against the production of 10.05 million bales the previous year.

Graphical Representation

In 2005-06• In this fiscal year, the performance of

agriculture was weak.• Cotton production was 13.019 million

bales, 13% lower than fiscal year 2004.• The reasons were excessive rains at the

time of sowing, high temperature at the flowering stage and late harvesting.

Graphical Representation

Source: http://qurantube.blogspot.com/2011/07/pakistans-annual-economic-survey

In 2006-07• In this fiscal year, the production of cotton was

13 million bales, 0.1% lower than in 2005.• Lower production was attributed primarily to the

11%decline in area sown in Sindh due to excessive rains and floods.

• The crop yield in some areas was also affected by the cotton leaf curl virus and mealy bug.

• Other factors include excessive rains and delayed sowing.

Graphical Presentation

In 2007-08• The production is estimated at 11.7 million bales for 2007-08,

less by 9.3% over the last year’s production.• Six reasons behind this were:• Cotton area sown in Punjab was 2.5% less compared to last

year.• Cotton area sown in Sindh was 6% higher comparatively.• Heavy rainfall in Punjab caused poor germination.• High temperature in August and September.• Mealy bug infestation• Cotton leaf curl virus.• Purchasing of unapproved and old cottonseeds from private

sources under the name of Bt. cotton.

Graphical Presentation

In 2008-09• The production is estimated at 11.8 million bales

for 2008-09, higher by 1.1% over the last year.• It was 14.5% less than the target of 14.11 million

bales mainly due to the shortage of irrigation water.

• Attack of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV), mealy bug and white fly on the crop.

• Last picking of cotton was affected due to higher prices of wheat announced by the Government.

Graphical Representation

In 2009-10• The production is estimated at 12.7 million bales

for 2009‐10, higher by 7.4% over the last year’s production.

• The cotton production was 5.0 percent less than the target of 13.36 million bales.

• Mainly due to the shortage of irrigation water, high temperatures in the month of August resulting in excessive fruit shedding.

• Flare up of sucking pest complexes and wide spread of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV).

Graphical Presentation

In 2010-11• The production is estimated at 11.5 million bales,

lower by 11.3% over the last year’s production.• 17.9% less than the target of 14 million bales.• The decrease in cultivated area and production is

attributed to loss in area under cultivation due to floods.

• Widespread attack of Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) and sucking pest/insect in core and non-core area.

• Excessive rain, shortage of water due to canal closure during flood caused fruit shedding in certain areas.

Graphical Presentation

In 2011-12• The production reported at 13.6 million

bales, 18.6% higher than last year production.

• The increase in cultivation attributed to the use of BT cotton.

• Control over widespread attack of CLCV and sucking pests.

Graphical Presentation

In 2012-13• The production of 13.0 million bales during

the period 2012-13 resulting in decrease of 4.2% over the preceding year production.

• Mild attack of Thrips, white fly and Cotton Leaf Curl Virus (CLCV) , floods and domestic conditions.

• In credible time localized monsoon also affected the crops in Punjab and Sindh.

Low production of Cotton Crop in 2010-13

Graphical Presentation

In 2013-14• The production stood at 12.8 million bales during the

period 2013-14 resulting in decline of 2.0% over the last year production.

• The cotton production decreased due to fall in the area sown which is due to less rates of cotton nationally and internationally prevailed during last two years.

• That discouraged the growers to put more area under crop and shifting the area to maize and rice crops in some districts of Punjab due to their better market returns.

Graphical Presentation

In 2014-15• Cotton production for the year 2014-15 stood at 13.983

million bales against 12.769 million bales last year showing an increase of 9.5%.

• The cotton production remained higher since 2004-05 on account of government’s provision of aggressive farmer training for small farmers.

• And extension services of PCCC, allowed Trading Corporation of Pakistan (TCP) to procure one million bales of cotton at the support price of Rs. 3000/- per 40 kg to benefit cotton growers and better economic returns received by the growers .

• It encouraged the grower to bring more area under cotton crop.

Graphical Representation

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016

-80.00%

-60.00%

-40.00%

-20.00%

0.00%

20.00%

40.00%

60.00%

80.00%

100.00%

120.00%

-48.30%

-24.65%

23.96%32.70%

103.08%

-6.21%

70.59%

-61.21%

13.30%17.65%Growth Rate

Years

Ann

ual G

row

th R

ate

EXPORT OF COTTON FOR 2005-2014

Source: www.indexmundi.com

Tabular Explanation

*The above data of 2006-07 is compared with the previous years in order to give a clear position of cotton production and yield.

Tabular Explanation

CONCLUSION• Cotton is the important non-food cash

crop and a significant source of foreign exchange earnings and is a large part of Pakistan's agriculture sector.

• Cotton being not only a cash crop but also is essential for our textile industry which contributes more than 11% of GDP.

• If Pakistan takes proper measures to promote its export it could steer the view of foreign markets.

THANK YOU ALL

FOR YOUR

ATTENTION

MADE BY: NIDA NASIRCLASS: M.A (P) - SecondSUBMITTED TO: MISS. MARIUM