comprendiendo coinffeine
Post on 12-Jul-2015
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Entendiendo Coinffeine
por Sebastián Ortega
Insisto… usted primero
Insisto… usted primero
Insisto… usted primeroSujetos racionales
Teoría de juegos: las matemáticas de la estrategia
Destrucción mutua asegurada
Destrucción mutua asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
Destrucción mutua asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
Destrucción mutua asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas
Destrucción mutua asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas
• Si alguien se salta las normas…
Destrucción mutua asegurada
• Se establece una fianza
• Se realiza el intercambio
• Se libera el pago y las fianzas
• Si alguien se salta las normas…
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Step 0
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund Refund
Step 0
Lost
Sara
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund RefundLost
Sara
Bob
Step 1
$
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund RefundLost
Sara
Bob
Step 2
$
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund RefundLost
SaraBob
Step n-1
$
μPayment channels
Bob Sara
Refund RefundSara
Bob
Step n
$
Broadcast!
Subgame perfect Nash equilibrium
• Lo racional es no participar, ¿por qué?
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00] Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
PayWait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
WaitPublishPay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Wait PublishWaitPay Publish
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
PublishWait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay PublishWait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish PayWait
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Wait Publish
PublishWait
Wait PublishPay
Publish Wait Pay PublishWait
Wait Publish
Subgame perfect Nash equilibrium
• Lo racional es no participar, ¿por qué?
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00] Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
PayWait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
WaitPublishPay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Wait PublishWaitPay Publish
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
PublishWait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay PublishWait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish PayWait
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Wait Publish
PublishWait
Wait PublishPay
Publish Wait Pay PublishWait
Wait Publish
El juego del gallina
El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
El juego del gallina
Apartarse Seguir
Apartarse 0, 0 -1, +1
Seguir +1, -1 -∞, -∞
Less can be more!
Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait
Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait
• Mecanismo: ajustar fianzas y reintegros
Arrancando el volante
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Wait
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Wait
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Wait
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Wait
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Pay
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Wait
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Wait
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Final [90,00, 110,00]
Publish Pay
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Wait
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Wait Sign
Pay
Pay
Sign Wait
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait
Publish
Publish
Pay
Publish Pay
Publish
Sam [0,00, 100,00]
Bob [0,00, 100,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 110,00]
Final [110,00, 100,00]
Final [10,00, 200,00]
Wait
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Publish
Final [50,00, 160,00]
Final [90,00, 120,00]
Sam [10,00, 90,00]
Bob [10,00, 90,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Sam [20,00, 80,00]
Bob [20,00, 80,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [120,00, 110,00]
Sam [100,00, 0,00]
Enter
Final [120,00, 110,00]
Leave
Sam [120,00, 110,00]
Enter
Bob [50,00, 50,00]
Publish
Sam [40,00, 60,00]
Pay
Final [60,00, 150,00]
Wait
Bob [100,00, 0,00]
Sign
Sam [60,00, 40,00]
Bob [60,00, 40,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Pay
Final [30,00, 180,00]
Wait
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Publish
Publish
Final [70,00, 140,00]
Wait
Sam [50,00, 50,00]
Pay
Sam [70,00, 30,00]
Bob [70,00, 30,00]
Sign
Sam [80,00, 20,00]
Bob [80,00, 20,00]
Sign
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [90,00, 10,00]
Wait Publish Pay
Bob [40,00, 60,00]
Wait Publish
Sam [30,00, 70,00]
Pay
Wait Pay Publish
Final [100,00, 100,00]
Bob [30,00, 70,00]
Sign
Sign
Pay Publish
Final [20,00, 190,00]
Wait
Final [40,00, 170,00]
Publish Pay
Final [80,00, 130,00]
Wait
Sign
Sam [90,00, 10,00]
Sign
Wait Publish Pay
Pay Publish Wait
• Mecanismo: ajustar fianzas y reintegros
• Resultado:
• No existe un ataque rentable
• Lo racional es seguir las normas o no jugar
¿Qué quiero que recordéis?
¿Qué quiero que recordéis?• Oportunidad de descentralizar y reducir la
confianza necesaria
¿Qué quiero que recordéis?• Oportunidad de descentralizar y reducir la
confianza necesaria
• Estamos viendo la punta del iceberg:
• Arbitrary bitcoin scripting
• Oráculos
• Ethereum
• …
Imágenes y películas mencionadas:
• Blueprint https://www.flickr.com/photos/wscullin/3770015991
• Pay up https://www.flickr.com/photos/124785414@N04/14238435622
• Teléfono rojo (1964). 8,5 en IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0057012/
• Prisoner dilemma https://www.flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/8245423564
• Rebelde sin causa (1955). 7,8 en IMDB. http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0048545/
• Nuclear explosion: http://es.vector.me/browse/255425/nuclear_explosion
• Pen, diary and glasses: https://www.flickr.com/photos/generationbass/4827013488
• Lego cash machine: https://www.flickr.com/photos/lydiashiningbrightly/5361460326/in/photostream/
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