chpt7b hard drive installation and support
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8/9/2019 Chpt7b Hard Drive Installation and Support
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A+ Certification for PC Technician
Chapter 7Chapter 7Hard Drive Installation and Support
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Installing the IDE & SCSI HDDInstalling the IDE & SCSI HDD
What the Steps to Prepare the Hard
disk?1. Set the Jumper Master/Slave for IDE & LUN
for SCSI
1. Installing the hard disk drive in theHard Disk Bay
2. Partitioning to create partition3. Format the drive partition
What the additional step to Setup theSoftware?
1. Installing the OS2. Installing the Hardware DeviceDrivers
3. Installing application software
What are the tools you need?
1. Windows Startup Disk2. Windows CD-ROM3. Driver Disks4. Application Software CDs
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Installing HDD - Points to NoteInstalling HDD - Points to Note
IDE1
IDE2IDE Cable
ToHardD
isk
IDE Cable
ToCDROMDrive
PrimarySecondary
1
Pin 1
Red line towardsPin 1 of IDE 1
IDE 1 (Primary)
fastest devices eg the hard disk with
OS and software
IDE 2 (Secondary)
Slower devices eg cd-rom
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Hard Disk Master/Slave SettingsHard Disk Master/Slave SettingsTwo devices connected to one IDE Cable
1 device must be set as Master device
The other must be set as Slave device
IDE connectoron Motherboard
IDE 1/IDE 21
Master Device
Slave Device
IDE Cable
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80-pin IDE Cable80-pin IDE Cable
How many pins has a normal IDE cable?
40 pins
When is the 80-pin IDE Cable usedinstead of the 40-pin?
The 80-pin cable is required if the HardDisk is to operate at Ultra DMA-66 and
above. Without the cable, Ultra DMA-66 and higher will be disable. The extra40 cables is used to reduceinterference between cables (cross-talk).
Why are the connectors colour coded?Each connector has its own role. Blueconnector is connected to themotherboard, Grey connector to theSlave device and the Black to the Drive.
A standard 80-conductor Ultra DMAIDE/ATA interface cable.Note the blue, gray and black connectors,and the 80 thin wires.The red marking on wire #1 is still present
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Ver 1.0 10 April 2001 Install Hard Disk Slides 6
Updating the CMOSUpdating the CMOS
How do I know when I need to update
the BIOS when changing/adding newhard disk?
When you start the PC, the BIOSinformation screen will list the harddisks you have. If it does not match,you need to update the BIOS.
What problem can occur when installinga new high capacity HDD to a older PC?
The BIOS may not recognised the HDDor see the Hard Disk as a smallercapacity hard disk. Old BIOS (PCpurchased before 1998) typicallysupports up to 8GB Hard Disk.
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BIOS Do Not Support Large Capacity HDDBIOS Do Not Support Large Capacity HDD
What can be done if the PC does not
recognise a High Capacity Hard Disk?Use one of the solution listed in thetable below.
Which solution is recommended?
Use Disk Manager software. It can bedownloaded from the respective HDDmanufacture web site.
Upgrade the BIOS Some danger involved
Upgrade the System Board CostlyMay need to upgrade other items
Use Disk Management software to
interface between older BIOS and
large capacity HDD
Eg EZ-Drive by StorageSoft, Quantum Disk
Manager
Use an adapter card that providesBIOS to substitute the system
BIOS
For system without BIOS upgrade eg UltraATA100 card from Maxtor to support Ultra
ATA100 HDD
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Other Problems during InstallationOther Problems during Installation
When add a new hard disk to the
existing Hard Disk, both hard disks arenot recognised. What happen?
Master and Slave setting not configureproperly
When add a new hard disk to the
existing Hard Disk, both hard disks arenot recognised. Master and slave areconfigure properly. What happen?
Both hard disk may not be compatiblewith one another.
PC has only 1 IDE, which already been
used for Hard Disk and CD-ROM. Howto add another Hard Disk?
Get a IDE card.
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Preventive Measures - HDD & ContentPreventive Measures - HDD & Content
What the preventive measures to be taken to maintain the HDD?
1. Gentle with your HDD Do not shift the PC when it is powered on.
1. Dont smoke around your HDD The HDD is not entirely air-tight. Smoke particle entering the interior
of HDD can crash the right/write head
1. Dont leave PC turned off for weeks or months
2. Avoid high humidity
3. Defragment the HDD
Organised the files in the HDD and keep it in optimal performance
What the the measures to take to avoid losing the data?1. Scan the HDD periodically
Scandisk detect HDD errors, both data and physical problems
1. Backup your data and keep it current
Recover the data should the HDD is damaged
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Problems with Hard DiskProblems with Hard Disk
What the Types of Problems that can happen to the Hard Drive?
The problems can be separated into Hardware and Software:
1. Hardware Problems
HDD controller failure, power supply, data cable, BIOS or setup
Shows up in POST & HDD cannot be accessed
Drive mechanism damaged, physical damage to disk surface(where partition table, boot record, FAT, data are stored)
Error messages
1. Software Problems
OS files corrupted
Corrupted partition table, boot record, root directory hard diskcannot be access
FAT corrupted data is lost
Data corruption
Virus attacked
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Damaged Partition TableDamaged Partition Table
You get messages like:
Invalid drive or Drive Specification,Invalid partition table,Corrupt boot sector,Non-system disk or Disk error when you
start the PC. What happened?Partition Table (MBR) is damaged
How to fix the problem?Using the command FDISK /MBR to
fixed the problem. The command isfound in the Startup Disk. It rebuildsthe MBR. The contents may not berecovered.
What are the recovery steps?1. Boot with a Startup Disk to A:
prompt2. Type FDISK /MBR
If the earlier step do not work?
1. Re-partition the drive2. Re-install the Windows
How can the problem be prevented?
Copy the Partition information to adiskette for recovery. Tools like
Partition Manager and MBRtools can beused. The information can be loadedback when needed.
http://www.users.intercom.com/~ranish/part/http://www.diydatarecovery.nl/~tkuurstra/DIY_Tools.htmhttp://www.diydatarecovery.nl/~tkuurstra/DIY_Tools.htmhttp://www.users.intercom.com/~ranish/part/ -
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Error MessagesError Messages
What does Invalid media type reading
drive C means?Cause by one of three followingreasons:
1. The hard disk drive does not have avalid format
Fdisk /mbr
Format C: /s1. The hard disk drive has been
fdisked but not formatted.
Format C: /s
1. The hard disk drive is bad
Fdisk /mbr
Format C:
If error message appear, thenhard disk is BAD
What is the problem when the error
message Sector not found readingdrive C:, Abort, Retry, Fail
Bad sectors in Drive C. Perform asurface scan.
What happened what the error
messages:HDD Controller failure,
No boot device available or Drive notfound appears?
Connectivity errors. Inspect the entireconnection system (including power).
You might want to try removing andreseating the controller if you get anHDD controller failure.
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Error MessagesError Messages
What is problem if "invalid system disk
message appears when the PC boots?The boot files may have beencorrupted. Boot from a startup diskand issue the command:
SYS C:
What happen when missing command
interpreter or Invalid System Diskappears?
Caused by any of the followingpossibilities:
1. Non bootable CD or diskette indrive.
2. Boot sequence setup improperly. Setup at the BIOS
1. The command.com, msdos.sys, io.sysor drvspace.bin is missing orcorrupted.
SYS C: to fix
1. Bad hard drive or not connectproperly
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Corrupted System FilesCorrupted System Files (page 384)(page 384)
Error message when starting the computer
Either IO.SYS or MSDOS.SYS is corrupted Boot the PC with Startup Disk (same version)
Type SYS C: Do not expect to recover Windows!
Error message when starting the computer
COMMAND.COM is missing Copy it from a Startup Disk to the Boot Drive (C:)
Invalid system disk
Command file not found
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Deleting a FileDeleting a File
When happen when file are delete?
When files is deleted, it is not immediatelyremove from the hard disk. Instead, the
system places a special code into the 1st
character of the name to mark is as
Deleted. It space can be re-used.
Can delete file be recovered?Yes. By using third party utility eg Norton
Utilities UNERASE.
When deleting a file in DOS, does the file
goes to the Recycle Bin?No.
Where can file be deleted into the Recycle
Bin?
In Windows. Use the Delete Key in My
Computer or Windows Explorer.
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