chpt7b hard drive installation and support

8/9/2019 Chpt7b Hard Drive Installation and Support

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A+ Certification for PC Technician

Chapter 7Chapter 7Hard Drive Installation and Support


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Ver 1.0 10 April 2001 Install Hard Disk Slides 2

Installing the IDE & SCSI HDDInstalling the IDE & SCSI HDD

What the Steps to Prepare the Hard

disk?1. Set the Jumper Master/Slave for IDE & LUN

for SCSI

1. Installing the hard disk drive in theHard Disk Bay

2. Partitioning to create partition3. Format the drive partition

What the additional step to Setup theSoftware?

1. Installing the OS2. Installing the Hardware DeviceDrivers

3. Installing application software

What are the tools you need?

1. Windows Startup Disk2. Windows CD-ROM3. Driver Disks4. Application Software CDs


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Installing HDD - Points to NoteInstalling HDD - Points to Note

IDE1

IDE2IDE Cable

ToHardD

isk

IDE Cable

ToCDROMDrive

PrimarySecondary

1

Pin 1

Red line towardsPin 1 of IDE 1

IDE 1 (Primary)

fastest devices eg the hard disk with

OS and software

IDE 2 (Secondary)

Slower devices eg cd-rom


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Hard Disk Master/Slave SettingsHard Disk Master/Slave SettingsTwo devices connected to one IDE Cable

1 device must be set as Master device

The other must be set as Slave device

IDE connectoron Motherboard

IDE 1/IDE 21

Master Device

Slave Device

IDE Cable


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80-pin IDE Cable80-pin IDE Cable

How many pins has a normal IDE cable?

40 pins

When is the 80-pin IDE Cable usedinstead of the 40-pin?

The 80-pin cable is required if the HardDisk is to operate at Ultra DMA-66 and

above. Without the cable, Ultra DMA-66 and higher will be disable. The extra40 cables is used to reduceinterference between cables (cross-talk).

Why are the connectors colour coded?Each connector has its own role. Blueconnector is connected to themotherboard, Grey connector to theSlave device and the Black to the Drive.

A standard 80-conductor Ultra DMAIDE/ATA interface cable.Note the blue, gray and black connectors,and the 80 thin wires.The red marking on wire #1 is still present


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Updating the CMOSUpdating the CMOS

How do I know when I need to update

the BIOS when changing/adding newhard disk?

When you start the PC, the BIOSinformation screen will list the harddisks you have. If it does not match,you need to update the BIOS.

What problem can occur when installinga new high capacity HDD to a older PC?

The BIOS may not recognised the HDDor see the Hard Disk as a smallercapacity hard disk. Old BIOS (PCpurchased before 1998) typicallysupports up to 8GB Hard Disk.


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BIOS Do Not Support Large Capacity HDDBIOS Do Not Support Large Capacity HDD

What can be done if the PC does not

recognise a High Capacity Hard Disk?Use one of the solution listed in thetable below.

Which solution is recommended?

Use Disk Manager software. It can bedownloaded from the respective HDDmanufacture web site.

Upgrade the BIOS Some danger involved

Upgrade the System Board CostlyMay need to upgrade other items

Use Disk Management software to

interface between older BIOS and

large capacity HDD

Eg EZ-Drive by StorageSoft, Quantum Disk

Manager

Use an adapter card that providesBIOS to substitute the system

BIOS

For system without BIOS upgrade eg UltraATA100 card from Maxtor to support Ultra

ATA100 HDD


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Other Problems during InstallationOther Problems during Installation

When add a new hard disk to the

existing Hard Disk, both hard disks arenot recognised. What happen?

Master and Slave setting not configureproperly

When add a new hard disk to the

existing Hard Disk, both hard disks arenot recognised. Master and slave areconfigure properly. What happen?

Both hard disk may not be compatiblewith one another.

PC has only 1 IDE, which already been

used for Hard Disk and CD-ROM. Howto add another Hard Disk?

Get a IDE card.


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Preventive Measures - HDD & ContentPreventive Measures - HDD & Content

What the preventive measures to be taken to maintain the HDD?

1. Gentle with your HDD Do not shift the PC when it is powered on.

1. Dont smoke around your HDD The HDD is not entirely air-tight. Smoke particle entering the interior

of HDD can crash the right/write head

1. Dont leave PC turned off for weeks or months

2. Avoid high humidity

3. Defragment the HDD

Organised the files in the HDD and keep it in optimal performance

What the the measures to take to avoid losing the data?1. Scan the HDD periodically

Scandisk detect HDD errors, both data and physical problems

1. Backup your data and keep it current

Recover the data should the HDD is damaged


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Problems with Hard DiskProblems with Hard Disk

What the Types of Problems that can happen to the Hard Drive?

The problems can be separated into Hardware and Software:

1. Hardware Problems

HDD controller failure, power supply, data cable, BIOS or setup

Shows up in POST & HDD cannot be accessed

Drive mechanism damaged, physical damage to disk surface(where partition table, boot record, FAT, data are stored)

Error messages

1. Software Problems

OS files corrupted

Corrupted partition table, boot record, root directory hard diskcannot be access

FAT corrupted data is lost

Data corruption

Virus attacked


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Damaged Partition TableDamaged Partition Table

You get messages like:

Invalid drive or Drive Specification,Invalid partition table,Corrupt boot sector,Non-system disk or Disk error when you

start the PC. What happened?Partition Table (MBR) is damaged

How to fix the problem?Using the command FDISK /MBR to

fixed the problem. The command isfound in the Startup Disk. It rebuildsthe MBR. The contents may not berecovered.

What are the recovery steps?1. Boot with a Startup Disk to A:

prompt2. Type FDISK /MBR

If the earlier step do not work?

1. Re-partition the drive2. Re-install the Windows

How can the problem be prevented?

Copy the Partition information to adiskette for recovery. Tools like

Partition Manager and MBRtools can beused. The information can be loadedback when needed.
http://www.users.intercom.com/~ranish/part/http://www.diydatarecovery.nl/~tkuurstra/DIY_Tools.htmhttp://www.diydatarecovery.nl/~tkuurstra/DIY_Tools.htmhttp://www.users.intercom.com/~ranish/part/


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Error MessagesError Messages

What does Invalid media type reading

drive C means?Cause by one of three followingreasons:

1. The hard disk drive does not have avalid format

Fdisk /mbr

Format C: /s1. The hard disk drive has been

fdisked but not formatted.

Format C: /s

1. The hard disk drive is bad

Fdisk /mbr

Format C:

If error message appear, thenhard disk is BAD

What is the problem when the error

message Sector not found readingdrive C:, Abort, Retry, Fail

Bad sectors in Drive C. Perform asurface scan.

What happened what the error

messages:HDD Controller failure,

No boot device available or Drive notfound appears?

Connectivity errors. Inspect the entireconnection system (including power).

You might want to try removing andreseating the controller if you get anHDD controller failure.


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Error MessagesError Messages

What is problem if "invalid system disk

message appears when the PC boots?The boot files may have beencorrupted. Boot from a startup diskand issue the command:

SYS C:

What happen when missing command

interpreter or Invalid System Diskappears?

Caused by any of the followingpossibilities:

1. Non bootable CD or diskette indrive.

2. Boot sequence setup improperly. Setup at the BIOS

1. The command.com, msdos.sys, io.sysor drvspace.bin is missing orcorrupted.

SYS C: to fix

1. Bad hard drive or not connectproperly


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Corrupted System FilesCorrupted System Files (page 384)(page 384)

Error message when starting the computer

Either IO.SYS or MSDOS.SYS is corrupted Boot the PC with Startup Disk (same version)

Type SYS C: Do not expect to recover Windows!

Error message when starting the computer

COMMAND.COM is missing Copy it from a Startup Disk to the Boot Drive (C:)

Invalid system disk

Command file not found


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Deleting a FileDeleting a File

When happen when file are delete?

When files is deleted, it is not immediatelyremove from the hard disk. Instead, the

system places a special code into the 1st

character of the name to mark is as

Deleted. It space can be re-used.

Can delete file be recovered?Yes. By using third party utility eg Norton

Utilities UNERASE.

When deleting a file in DOS, does the file

goes to the Recycle Bin?No.

Where can file be deleted into the Recycle

Bin?

In Windows. Use the Delete Key in My

Computer or Windows Explorer.

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