chaucer timeline
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TIMELINE
Chaucer’s Medieval England History
1327Edward III is brought to power.
1330Edward III assumes royal authority.
1339Edward II invades France,
beginning the Hundred Years War.
1340English naval victory at Sluys.
1342Birth of Chaucer
1346Battle of Crecy, France. English archers soundly defeat Scottish
invasion force.
1347Truce between England and France.
Plague arrives in Italy.
1348Plague reaches Italy.
1351Parliament passes the Statue of
Laborers to keep down wages.
1353Boccaccio’s Decameron.
1356Battle of Poitiers, France.
1360Treaty of Bretigny ends the first
phase of the Hundred Years’ War.
1361Outbreak of Plague
1362First version of Piers Plowman, the
first major literary work to be written in English since the Norman
Conquest.
1367Edward Prince of Wales leads an
expedition to Spain in aid of Pedro the Cruel, the deposed King of
Castile.
1369Outbreak of the plague. Hostilities resume in the Hundred Years’ War.
1375Outbreak of Plague.
1376Death of the Prince of Wales. Parliament
impeaches royal servants belonging to the faction of John of Gaunt, the king’s fourth
son.
1377Death of Edward III, accession of
his grandson Richard II, still only 11 years of age. Poll Tax levied.
1378Pope Gregory XI dies. The French-dominated
College of Cardinals is intimidated by the Roman mob into electing an Italian as Pope, Urban VI. Urban antagonizes the cardinals,
who declare him deposed, and elect a Frenchman, Clement VII. Clement moves to
Avignon, but Urban remains as Pope in Rome. England, as well as the countries of
Scandinavia, Germany, and northern Italy, support the Roman Pope; France, Scotland,
Naples, Sicily, and the kingdoms of Spain follow the Pope of Avignon. This schism is not
healed until the fifteenth century.
1380Peasants’ Revolt
1382Richard II marries Anne of Bohemia. John
Wycliffe and his Lollard followers complete the first full English translation
of the Bible.
1384Death of Wycliffe.
1385Richard II and his uncle, John of
Gaunt, undertake a fruitless military campaign in Scotland.
1386John of Gaunt leads an expensive
and unsuccessful expedition to Spain in an effort to win the crown of Castile, which he claims by right
of his second wife. Chaucer produces the first sections of the
Canterbury Tales.
1388Scottish victory at Otterburn.
Parliament impeaches several of the king’s favorites.
1389Richard II reaches the age of majority and
assumes the functions of government in person. Boniface IX becomes Pope at
Rome.
1390Outbreak of Plague.
1394Richard II campaigns in Ireland.
Death of Queen Anne.
1396Richard II marries Isabella of
France.
1399Death of John of Gaunt. Richard II is
deposed by Henry of Bolingbroke (Guant’s son), who becomes King Henry
IV.
1400Death of Richard II. Death of
Chaucer. Outbreak of plague.
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